Gall-midge
Guides
Dasineura similis
Dasineura similis is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Löw in 1888. Like other members of its genus, this species induces galls on host plants during its larval development. The species is known from northwestern Europe including Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Very little specific biological information has been published for this particular species.
Dasineura trifolii
clover leaf midge
Dasineura trifolii is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the clover leaf midge. The species induces gall formation on clover plants (Trifolium spp.), with larvae developing within the leaf tissue. Like other Dasineura species, it exhibits the typical cecidomyiid life cycle involving complete metamorphosis with distinct egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. The specific gall morphology and precise host range within the genus Trifolium require further documentation.
Dasineura tumidosae
Ash Petiole Gall Midge
Dasineura tumidosae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces galls on ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). The species is known primarily from its association with ash petioles, where larvae develop within characteristic swellings. Like other Dasineura species, it has a narrow host range tied to specific plant tissues. The midge has been recorded from the northeastern United States, particularly Vermont.
Dasineura undescribed-symphoricarpos
An undescribed species of gall midge in the genus Dasineura, known to induce galls on Symphoricarpos (snowberry/coralberry). As a member of the family Cecidomyiidae, it represents part of a large radiation of specialized gall-forming flies, though formal species description remains pending.
Dasineurini
Dasineurini is a tribe of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) containing numerous species that induce galls on plants. Members are small, delicate flies whose larvae develop within plant tissues, causing characteristic growth deformities. The tribe includes economically significant pests such as those affecting wheat and other crops.
Dentifibula
Dentifibula is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Felt in 1908. As members of this family, species in this genus are likely associated with plant galls, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The genus is rarely encountered and has received limited taxonomic or ecological study.
Dentifibula viburni
Dentifibula viburni is a gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) originally described by Felt in 1907 as Contarinia viburni. The species is associated with Viburnum host plants, as indicated by its specific epithet. It belongs to the subfamily Cecidomyiinae, a group known for inducing plant galls. Very little published information exists regarding the biology, distribution, or economic significance of this particular species beyond its taxonomic description and nomenclatural history.
Dicrodiplosis
Dicrodiplosis is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Kieffer in 1895. The genus contains approximately 15 described species. As gall midges, members of this genus are likely associated with inducing galls on host plants, though specific biological details for most species remain poorly documented.
Dicrodiplosis californica
mealybug-destroying predaceous gall midge
Dicrodiplosis californica is a species of predaceous gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Felt in 1912. The common name 'mealybug-destroying predaceous gall midge' indicates its role as a biological control agent targeting mealybugs. As a member of the genus Dicrodiplosis, it belongs to a group of predatory gall midges rather than the gall-forming majority in this family.
Diglyphosematini
Diglyphosematini is a tribe of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) within the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. The tribe is characterized by specific morphological features of the antennae and genitalia, distinguishing it from related tribes in the same subfamily. Members are associated with plant galls, though specific host relationships remain poorly documented for many taxa. The tribe was established based on phylogenetic and morphological studies of the family Cecidomyiidae.
Gliaspilota
Gliaspilota is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2008. The genus belongs to a family known for inducing plant galls, though specific biological details for Gliaspilota remain limited. Observations suggest presence in North America, particularly the northeastern United States.
Gliaspilota glutinosa
Gliaspilota glutinosa is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Osten Sacken in 1862. As a member of this family, it is likely associated with plant gall formation, though specific host plants and gall morphology remain poorly documented. The species has been recorded from the northeastern United States, with Vermont being a documented location.
Haplusia
Haplusia is a genus of gall midges and wood midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Karsch in 1877. The genus contains more than 20 described species. These small flies belong to the subfamily Porricondylinae and tribe Diallactini. As cecidomyiids, they are associated with plant tissues, though specific ecological roles for most species remain poorly documented.
Haplusia rubra
Haplusia rubra is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, a diverse group of small flies commonly known as gall midges or gall gnats. The species was described by Felt in 1908. Like other members of its family, it is likely associated with plant galls, though specific details about its biology remain poorly documented. The genus Haplusia is part of the large and taxonomically complex Cecidomyiidae, which contains thousands of species worldwide, many of which are poorly known.
Harmandiola
Harmandiola is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) comprising 14 described species distributed across the Holarctic region. These small flies are notable for inducing galls on woody host plants, specifically species of poplar (Populus), chestnut (Castanea), and hickory (Carya). The genus was established by Skuhravá in 1997. Species-level taxonomy has been revised multiple times, with several species transferred from related genera.
Heteropeza pygmaea
A minute gall midge (family Cecidomyiidae) described from Europe in 1846. The species has been studied extensively for its unusual cytogenetics and developmental biology, particularly its paedogenetic reproduction and dramatic chromosome elimination during early embryogenesis. Germ-line cells contain approximately 58 chromosomes, but somatic nuclei retain only 10 chromosomes through programmed elimination of E-chromosomes during cleavage.
Hybolasioptera elymi
Hybolasioptera elymi is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 1969. It belongs to the genus Hybolasioptera, a group of gall-forming midges associated with grasses. The specific epithet 'elymi' suggests an association with Elymus, a genus of wild rye grasses. As with many gall midges, its biology is likely tied to host plant manipulation for larval development.
Isocolpodia
Isocolpodia is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, established by Parnell in 1971. The genus contains approximately six described species, including both gall-forming and forest-dwelling species. Species have been described from North America and the Palearctic region. The genus is classified in the subfamily Porricondylinae and tribe Porricondylini.
Iteomyia
Iteomyia is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) first described by Kieffer in 1913. The genus comprises five described species, including Iteomyia salicisverruca, a well-known gall-former on willows. These small flies are associated with Salix (willow) host plants, inducing characteristic galls on leaves or stems. The genus is distributed across northern Europe and North America.
Janetiella
Janetiella is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) established by Kieffer in 1898. The genus contains at least 33 described species. These insects are small flies whose larvae induce the formation of plant galls—abnormal growths on plant tissue that provide shelter and food for the developing larvae.
Janetiella ulmii
Janetiella ulmii is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Beutenmüller in 1907. The species is associated with elm trees (Ulmus), as indicated by its specific epithet. Gall midges in this genus are known for inducing plant galls, though specific details about the gall morphology and biology of J. ulmii remain poorly documented in available literature.
Lasioptera
Lasioptera is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae containing at least 140 described species. Species in this genus are primarily known for inducing galls on host plants, with larvae developing inside plant tissues. Some species have established complex relationships with fungi, including ambrosia fungus feeding. Several species are significant agricultural pests, including the Mediterranean tomato gall midge (L. tomaticola) and a stem-boring pest on tomatoes reported from Greece and Turkey. The genus has a wide geographic distribution spanning Europe, Asia, North America, and other regions, with host associations including Rubus (raspberry/blackberry), tomato, Arundo donax (giant reed), Leea indica, and various other plants.
Lasioptera ephedrae
Mormon Tea Stem Gall Midge
Lasioptera ephedrae is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. It is known for inducing stem galls on Ephedra trifurca, a desert shrub commonly called Mormon tea. The species was described by Cockerell in 1898 and is found in arid regions of the southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico. Like other gall midges, it has a complex life cycle involving intimate association with its host plant.
Lasioptera lorrainae
Lasioptera lorrainae is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Gagné in 2018. As a member of the genus Lasioptera, it belongs to a group of tiny flies whose larvae typically develop within plant galls. The genus is characterized by adults with distinctive black, gray, and white coloration. Very little is known about this particular species, which has been recorded from only a handful of observations.
Lasioptera solani
gall midge
A small gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. Adults display distinctive black, gray, and white coloration. The genus Lasioptera is known for inducing galls on host plants, though specific details for this species remain limited. The species epithet 'solani' suggests an association with Solanaceae plants.
Lasioptera solidaginis
Lasioptera solidaginis is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Osten Sacken in 1863. It is one of numerous gall-forming insects associated with goldenrod (Solidago) plants. The genus Lasioptera includes species that induce galls on various host plants, with larvae developing within these specialized plant structures.
Lasioptera vitis
Grapevine Tomato Gall Fly
Lasioptera vitis is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the Grapevine Tomato Gall Fly. The species is associated with grapevines (Vitis spp.), as indicated by its specific epithet. Like other members of the genus Lasioptera, it likely induces gall formation on host plants, though specific details about the morphology of its galls remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
Lasiopterini
Lasiopterini is a tribe of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) whose larvae induce galls on host plants. Species in this tribe have documented associations with Chenopodiaceae, particularly Atriplex species in southern California. The tribe is classified within the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. Specific biological details remain incompletely documented for many member species.
Lonicerae
Lonicerae is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) described by Gagné in 2016. Species in this genus are associated with Lonicera (honeysuckle) plants, forming galls or other plant growth abnormalities. The genus belongs to the tribe Lasiopterini within the subfamily Cecidomyiinae.
Lonicerae lonicera
Honeysuckle gall midge
Lonicerae lonicera is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae that induces galls on honeysuckle plants (genus Lonicera). As a member of the gall midges, this species represents one of many cecidomyiids specialized in manipulating host plant tissue to form protective structures for larval development. The genus name Lonicerae directly references its association with honeysuckle hosts.
Lopesia
Lopesia is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) distributed primarily in the Neotropical region, with most described species from Brazil. Species in this genus are specialized gall inducers on diverse host plants, with documented associations including Fabaceae (Mimosa, Dalbergia, Lonchocarpus, Andira), Pontederiaceae (Eichhornia), Dilleniaceae (Davilla), and Melastomataceae (Leandra). Gall morphology varies considerably among species, including bivalve-shaped leaf galls, rhizome galls, and galls on reproductive structures. Development involves complete metamorphosis with three larval instars, pupation occurring within the gall, and adult emergence from senescent galls.
Lopesiini
Lopesiini is a tribe of gall midges within the family Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), established by Gagné in 1994. Members are known primarily from the Neotropical region, where they induce galls on various host plants. The tribe includes species with specialized relationships with specific plant taxa, including endemic hosts in the Brazilian Cerrado.
Lygus hesperus
Western Tarnished Plant Bug
Lygus hesperus is a significant agricultural pest in western North America, causing extensive damage to cotton, strawberries, alfalfa seed, and other crops. In California alone, annual losses exceed $30 million in cotton and $40 million in strawberries. Adults overwinter in reproductive diapause triggered by short day lengths, resuming activity when conditions improve. The species has been the subject of extensive research on sampling methods, biological control, and insecticide resistance.
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Macrodiplosis is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) comprising approximately 19 described species. Species in this genus induce galls primarily on oak (Quercus) leaves. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with records from Europe, Asia, and North America.
Macrodiplosis castaneae
Macrodiplosis castaneae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species is associated with chestnut trees (Castanea spp.), though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. It was described by Stebbins in 1910 and is currently listed as a synonym of Harmandiola castaneae in some taxonomic databases.
Macrodiplosis erubescens
Marginal Leaf Fold Gall Midge
Macrodiplosis erubescens is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the Marginal Leaf Fold Gall Midge. The species induces distinctive galls on oak leaves, specifically causing the leaf margins to fold or roll inward. It has been documented primarily in eastern North America. The specific epithet 'erubescens' refers to a reddish or blushing coloration, likely describing the gall or larval appearance.
Macrodiplosis majalis
Macrodiplosis majalis is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species is known to induce galls on plants. It has been recorded in the United States, with distribution records from Vermont. The species was first described by Osten Sacken in 1870.
Macrodiplosis qoruca
Oak Vein Pocket Gall Midge
Macrodiplosis qoruca is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, known for inducing pocket-like galls on oak leaf veins. The species is widely distributed in North America and has been documented through over 1,300 observations. Adults are small, delicate flies typical of the family. The specific epithet 'qoruca' derives from the Cherokee word for oak.
Meunieriella
Meunieriella is a genus of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) established by Kieffer in 1909. Members of this genus are small, delicate flies in the subfamily Cecidomyiinae. The genus contains species that induce galls on host plants, though specific host associations and biological details remain poorly documented for many species. The genus is distinguished from related gall midge genera by particular combinations of adult morphological characters, though precise diagnostic features require specialist examination.
Meunieriella on-smilax
Meunieriella on-smilax is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. This species is known for inducing galls on Smilax species (greenbriers), with the specific epithet reflecting this host association. Gall midges in this genus are specialized herbivores that manipulate plant tissue to form protective structures for their developing larvae.
Miastor
Miastor is a genus of gall midges and wood midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, comprising approximately seven described species. The genus is notable for exhibiting paedogenesis, a rare reproductive strategy in which larvae reproduce parthenogenetically without metamorphosing into adults. Multiple asexual generations can occur before adults eventually develop. Larvae have been recorded in diverse habitats including fungal fruiting bodies, dung, tree bark, and decaying plant matter.
Monarthropalpus
boxwood leafminer gall midge
Monarthropalpus is a genus of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae. The genus contains at least one described species, M. flavus, commonly known as the boxwood leafminer. These small flies are native to Europe and were introduced to North America, where they have become significant pests of boxwood (Buxus spp.) ornamental plants. The larvae develop as leafminers within boxwood leaves, causing characteristic yellow-orange discoloration, blistering, and gall formation that disfigures foliage.
Monarthropalpus flavus
boxwood leafminer
A small gnat-like gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) native to Europe that is a significant pest of boxwood (Buxus spp.) in ornamental landscapes. Adults are delicate orange flies resembling mosquitoes. Females use a drill-like ovipositor to insert eggs into the undersides of young leaves. Larvae feed gregariously within leaf tissue, inducing rudimentary blister galls through hypertrophy and hyperplasia of spongy parenchyma. The species represents an evolutionary intermediate between leafminers and true gall inducers. First detected in the United States in 1910, it now causes serious damage to boxwood across the eastern U.S.
Neolasioptera
Neolasioptera is a genus of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) comprising at least 130 described species. Species are primarily gall-inducers on diverse flowering plants, with documented associations across at least 43 plant families. The genus is most diverse in the Neotropics, particularly Brazil, with additional records from North America. Several species have been evaluated for biological control of invasive weeds.
Neolasioptera (possible new species on Galium)
This undescribed species of gall midge in the genus Neolasioptera is associated with plants in the genus Galium (bedstraws). As a member of the tribe Lasiopterini, it likely induces galls or feeds within plant tissues. The provisional designation indicates it has been recognized as morphologically or biologically distinct from described species but awaits formal taxonomic description. Its specific host relationships and geographic distribution remain undocumented in published literature.
Neolasioptera allioniae
Neolasioptera allioniae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The species induces galls on plants in the genus Allionia (Nyctaginaceae). It has been recorded from Colorado to Texas, with its range potentially extending more widely based on the distribution of its host plants. The species was described by Felt in 1911.
Neolasioptera boehmeriae
Boehmeria stem gall midge
Neolasioptera boehmeriae is a gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as the Boehmeria stem gall midge. The species induces galls on false nettles (Boehmeria spp.), with which it has a specialized host relationship. It occurs in the northeastern United States and southern Canada. The species was first described by Beutenmüller in 1908.
Neolasioptera clematidis
Neolasioptera clematidis is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Felt in 1907. The specific epithet 'clematidis' suggests an association with plants in the genus Clematis. As with other gall midges, this species likely induces gall formation on host plants.
Neolasioptera cornicola
Neolasioptera cornicola is a gall midge species in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Beutenmüller in 1907. As a member of the genus Neolasioptera, it is associated with inducing galls on plants. The species has been recorded from the northeastern United States.
Neolasioptera desmodii
Neolasioptera desmodii is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, first described by Felt in 1907. As a member of the genus Neolasioptera, it is associated with inducing galls on host plants. The specific epithet "desmodii" indicates a relationship with plants in the genus Desmodium.