Nearctic

Guides

Hydroporus longiusculus
Hydroporus longiusculus is a predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is one of two species comprising the longiusculus-group within the genus Hydroporus. The species has undergone taxonomic revision, with three former species (H. hirtellus, H. perplexus, H. utahensis) synonymized under it. It is found in the Nearctic region.
predaceous-diving-beetle Dytiscidae Nearctic longiusculus-group synonymized-species
Hydroporus tenebrosus
Hydroporus tenebrosus is a predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae, first described by LeConte in 1850. It belongs to the genus Hydroporus, a diverse group of small to medium-sized diving beetles. The species has been used as a morphological reference in taxonomic revisions due to its extreme similarity to H. subpubescens. As a member of the Dytiscidae, it is presumed to be an aquatic predator, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in the accessible literature.
Dytiscidae diving-beetle aquatic-beetle predaceous-diving-beetle Coleoptera Nearctic North-America
Hydropsyche incommoda
Hydropsyche incommoda is a species of net-spinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae. Described by Hermann Hagen in 1861, this species is part of a large genus of aquatic insects whose larvae construct fixed capture nets in flowing water. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to light. The species is documented from North America.
caddisfly net-spinning aquatic-insect lotic Nearctic
Hydropsyche rossi
netspinning caddisfly
Hydropsyche rossi is a species of netspinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae, described by Flint, Voshell & Parker in 1979. It is found in North America within the Nearctic region. As a member of the genus Hydropsyche, it belongs to a group of caddisflies known for constructing fixed retreats and capture nets to filter food from flowing water.
caddisfly netspinning aquatic-insect Nearctic
Hydropsyche scalaris
Hydropsyche scalaris is a species of net-spinning caddisfly in the family Hydropsychidae, first described by Hagen in 1861. It belongs to one of the largest genera of caddisflies, with larvae that construct fixed retreats and capture nets in flowing water to filter food particles. The species is documented from North America within the Nearctic region.
Trichoptera Hydropsychidae caddisfly net-spinning-caddisfly aquatic-insect filter-feeder lotic North-America Nearctic Hagen-1861
Hydroptila armata
Hydroptila armata is a species of microcaddisfly in the family Hydroptilidae, described by Ross in 1938. As a member of the order Trichoptera, it is one of many small caddisfly species commonly referred to as microcaddisflies due to their diminutive size relative to other caddisfly families. The species is known from North America, with its type locality in the United States.
microcaddisfly caddisfly Nearctic
Hylis frontosus
Hylis frontosus is a Nearctic false click beetle (Eucnemidae: Melasinae) native to eastern North America. The species was redescribed in 2022 alongside other Nearctic Hylis species to facilitate improved identification. New distribution records document its first occurrence in Canada (Quebec) and range extensions to Arkansas and Virginia in the United States. It is one of four Nearctic Hylis species included in a diagnostic imaging study and identification key.
Eucnemidae Melasinae false-click-beetle Nearctic native-species redescription diagnostic-imaging
Hylis terminalis
Hylis terminalis is a Nearctic species of false click beetle (family Eucnemidae, subfamily Melasinae). It is one of six Hylis species recorded from the Nearctic region and was included in a 2024 taxonomic revision that provided imaging and diagnostic characters to distinguish it from congeners including H. frontosus, H. olexai, and the newly described H. delicatus. The species is known from eastern and central Canada and the United States.
Coleoptera Eucnemidae Melasinae false-click-beetle Nearctic North-America Canada United-States LeConte-1866 Otto-Bédard-Muona-2024 adventive-species-comparison taxonomic-revision identification-key
Hypargyria
snout moths
Hypargyria is a genus of snout moths in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1888. The genus contains four described species with a wide geographic distribution spanning Africa, southern Asia, Australia, the Americas, and the Caribbean.
snout-moths Phycitinae Ragonot-1888 Afrotropical Neotropical Nearctic Oriental Australasian
Hypaurotis
Hypaurotis is a monotypic genus of hairstreak butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The sole species, Hypaurotis crysalus (Colorado Hairstreak), is endemic to montane oak scrublands of the southwestern United States and adjacent northern Mexico. The genus was erected by Scudder in 1876 based on specimens from Colorado.
monotypic Lycaenidae Nearctic montane
Hypebaeus apicalis
Hypebaeus apicalis is a species of soft-winged flower beetle in the family Melyridae, described by Thomas Say in 1825. It is one of approximately 35 species in the genus Hypebaeus, which occurs primarily in the Holarctic region. The species has been recorded from eastern Canada (Ontario and Québec) with limited observation data available.
Coleoptera Melyridae Hypebaeus Nearctic Canada Say-1825
Hypocera
Hypocera is a genus of scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) in the subfamily Hypocerinae. The genus was taxonomically revised in 1998, which clarified species identities and provided new diagnostic characters for distinguishing closely related Nearctic species. At least one species, H. mordellaria, has been documented as a scavenger on dead insects, with its larval stage described.
Phoridae scuttle-flies scavenger larval-description taxonomic-revision Nearctic Palearctic
Hypochilidae
Lampshade Spiders
Hypochilidae is an ancient and relict family of true spiders (Araneae) containing two genera: Hypochilus (11 species, North America) and Ectatosticta (22 species, Asia). The family originated in the Late Jurassic and exhibits a classic inter-continental disjunct distribution. These spiders are considered among the most primitive of araneomorphs, retaining plesiomorphic traits including two pairs of book lungs in most species. They are microhabitat specialists with naturally small geographic distributions and low vagility, making them important subjects for conservation and biogeographic research.
spiders Araneae relict-fauna montane-endemism phylogenomics conservation Qinghai-Tibetan-Plateau Nearctic Palearctic microendemic short-range-endemic orogeny biogeography
Idia
litter moths, American idia moths
Idia is a genus of litter moths in the family Erebidae, subfamily Herminiinae. These moths are primarily nocturnal and are commonly attracted to light sources. The genus includes the well-known American Idia Moth (Idia americalis) and related species. Members of this genus are found across North America and are frequently documented in citizen science projects such as iNaturalist.
moth nocturnal detritivore litter-moth Nearctic
Idiocerus canae
Idiocerus canae is a leafhopper species described by Hamilton in 1985. It belongs to the genus Idiocerus, a group of relatively large, broad-headed leafhoppers within the family Cicadellidae. The species is known from Alberta, Canada, though detailed biological information remains limited in published literature.
leafhopper Idiocerinae Nearctic Canada 1985-description
Idiodonus
Idiodonus is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ball in 1936. The genus belongs to the tribe Platymetopiini within the subfamily Deltocephalinae. Species of Idiodonus are found in Europe and North America, with confirmed records from Scandinavia, Denmark, and the northeastern United States. At least two species are recognized: Idiodonus acus and Idiodonus albifrons.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae Platymetopiini Palearctic Nearctic
Ilisia armillaris
Ilisia armillaris is a crane fly species in the family Limoniidae, originally described as Erioptera armillaris by Osten Sacken in 1869. It is currently classified in the genus Ilisia based on morphological and phylogenetic revisions of the Chioneinae subfamily. The species is distributed across eastern North America, from the Great Plains to the Atlantic coast. Like other limoniid crane flies, adults are delicate and long-legged, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
crane-fly limoniid Nearctic taxonomic-revision
Inocelliidae
Square-headed Snakeflies, inocelliid snakeflies
Inocelliidae is a small family of snakeflies (order Raphidioptera) containing eight extant genera plus fossil taxa. Members are commonly known as square-headed snakeflies due to their distinctive head shape. The family is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, with extant species found in temperate forests of Eurasia and North America. Inocelliidae are holometabolous predators with larvae that inhabit bark and wood of coniferous and deciduous trees, where they prey on other insects. The family includes notable fossil representatives such as Fibla carpenteri from Baltic amber, the largest known snakefly species.
snakefly Raphidioptera predator forest-insect bark-inhabitant biocontrol relictual holometabolous palearctic nearctic Baltic-amber-fossil
Insulaphylus
Insulaphylus is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae, established by Weirauch in 2006. The genus is characterized by morphological features typical of the family, including the distinctive hemelytra with membranous apical portions. At least one species, Insulaphylus cruz, has been formally described and documented in museum collections. The genus belongs to the large and diverse mirid fauna of the Western Hemisphere.
Miridae Heteroptera plant-bug endemic Channel-Islands California Nearctic
Ironodes nitidus
Ironodes nitidus is a species of flat-headed mayfly in the family Heptageniidae. The species was described by Eaton in 1885. It belongs to a genus of mayflies found in North America, with records from the Nearctic region including Middle America and North America. The genus Ironodes is part of the diverse Heptageniidae family, which contains many species adapted to running water habitats.
Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae mayfly Nearctic North-America Middle-America aquatic-insect
Iscadia aperta
Iscadia aperta is a moth in the family Nolidae, first described by Francis Walker in 1857. It belongs to the subfamily Eligminae and has a broad distribution spanning the southwestern United States through Central America, South America, and the Caribbean islands. The species is documented in 85 iNaturalist observations, indicating it is encountered with moderate frequency by naturalists.
moth Nolidae Eligminae Nearctic Neotropical
Ischnodemus hesperius
Ischnodemus hesperius is a species of true bug in the family Blissidae, described by Parshley in 1922. It is part of a genus whose members are commonly known as chinch bugs, many of which are associated with grasses and sedges. The species has been documented in North America, with specific records from the United States and Manitoba, Canada. Published information on its biology and ecology remains limited.
Hemiptera Blissidae chinch-bug Nearctic grassland-insect
Isogona snowi
Snow's owlet, Snow's Owlet Moth
Isogona snowi, commonly known as Snow's owlet, is a small moth in the family Erebidae. The species was described by John B. Smith in 1908. It occurs in southern Texas and Mexico, where adults are active year-round. The larvae feed on Celtis pallida, a species of hackberry.
owlet-moth Celtis hackberry-feeder Nearctic year-round-flight
Isomira valida
Isomira valida is a species of darkling beetle in the family Tenebrionidae, described by Schwarz in 1878. It is a member of the genus Isomira, which comprises small to medium-sized beetles distributed primarily in the Nearctic region. The species has been documented in Ontario, Canada, based on available occurrence records. As with many tenebrionid beetles, detailed natural history information for this species remains limited in published literature.
beetle Coleoptera Tenebrionidae darkling-beetle Nearctic
Isonychia campestris
Isonychia campestris is a filter-feeding mayfly species described by McDunnough in 1931. The immature nymphs inhabit lotic aquatic systems where they employ specialized morphological structures to capture suspended particulate matter from the water column. This species has been studied specifically for its filter feeding mechanisms, which involve interception and diffusive deposition of particles smaller than the pore spaces between filtering structures. The species occurs in the Nearctic region of North America.
Ephemeroptera mayfly filter-feeder aquatic-insect lotic Nearctic
Isonychia intermedia
Isonychia intermedia is a species of mayfly in the family Isonychiidae. Like other members of its genus, it is an aquatic insect with a life cycle consisting of an extended nymphal stage in freshwater habitats followed by a brief adult stage. The species is found in North America and is part of the EPT (Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera) assemblage used in water quality biomonitoring. Adults are known to anglers as 'slate drakes' due to their dark wing coloration.
Ephemeroptera mayfly slate-drake aquatic-insect bioindicator EPT Nearctic freshwater angler-insect Isonychiidae hemimetabolous subimago imago water-quality-indicator North-America
Isonychia sicca
Brushlegged mayfly
Isonychia sicca is a brushlegged mayfly species in the family Isonychiidae, distributed across Central America and North America including southeastern Canada and Mexico. As a member of the order Ephemeroptera, it exhibits the characteristic aquatic nymphal stage and brief adult lifespan typical of mayflies. A life history study has documented this species in intermittent stream habitats in north central Texas, indicating adaptation to temporary aquatic environments.
Ephemeroptera Isonychiidae aquatic-insect intermittent-stream Nearctic Neotropical
Isonychus
May beetles, junebugs
Isonychus is a genus of scarab beetles in the subfamily Melolonthinae, commonly known as May beetles or junebugs. The genus contains more than 140 described species distributed primarily in the Neotropical and Nearctic regions. These beetles are part of the tribe Macrodactylini and are characterized by their typical scarab morphology. The genus was established by Mannerheim in 1828.
scarab-beetles Melolonthinae Macrodactylini Neotropical Nearctic
Isoperlinae
Stripetail Stoneflies, Springflies
Isoperlinae is a subfamily of stoneflies in the family Perlodidae, distributed across the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. Members are commonly known as stripetails or springflies. The subfamily includes approximately 12 genera, with Isoperla being the most speciose and well-known. These stoneflies are aquatic insects whose nymphs inhabit running waters.
stonefly aquatic-insect bioindicator predator lotic Plecoptera Perlodidae stripetail springfly Palaearctic Nearctic stream-ecology fisheries-food-web drumming-communication hemimetabolous montane rheophilic
Ixodes affinis
Ixodes affinis is a hard-bodied tick species distributed across the southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. Unlike its congener Ixodes scapularis, this species does not bite humans but serves as a competent vector for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Immature stages feed on birds and small mammals, while adults parasitize larger mammals including deer and dogs. Its expanding range into southeastern Virginia and association with migratory birds has raised concerns about its role in pathogen dispersal.
tick vector Lyme-disease Borrelia-burgdorferi avian-host range-expansion southeastern-United-States Mexico Central-America non-human-biting enzootic-maintenance co-feeding migratory-birds Ixodidae Acari parasite three-host-tick questing-behavior wildlife-disease-ecology forest-habitat dog-parasite white-tailed-deer Carolina-wren white-throated-sparrow Old-Dominion-University-Tick-Team Holly-Gaff Erin-Heller molecular-identification DNA-sequencing engorged-specimen-identification pine-plantation rural-Yucatán hunting-dogs Tixméhuac Opichén seasonal-activity laboratory-rearing immature-stages larva nymph adult pathogen-dispersal climate-change habitat-fragmentation suburbanization deer-population acorn-masting small-mammal-reservoir Borrelia-miyamotoi co-infection tick-borne-disease public-health veterinary-parasitology medical-entomology vector-ecology host-parasite-interaction bird-migration long-distance-dispersal boreal-forest Canada Manitoba Swainson's-thrush Catharus-ustulatus migratory-bird ground-foraging-bird passerine songbird brown-thrasher eastern-towhee American-robin northern-cardinal marsh-rice-rat cotton-mouse eastern-gray-squirrel raccoon southern-short-tailed-shrew eastern-mole white-footed-mouse Peromyscus-leucopus chipmunk Tamias oak-masting Quercus forest-floor questing-height humidity-preference winter-activity tick-removal tick-testing tick-borne-illness-prevention DEET permethrin tick-inspection tick-avoidance AIR-protocol Arachnida Parasitiformes Chelicerata Eukaryota Metazoa Animalia Arthropoda Ixodida hard-tick ixodid Neumann-1899 taxonomy systematics dorsal-scutum capitulum hypostome palps spiracular-plates festoons ornate inornate idiosoma gnathosoma podon scutum alloscutum basis-capituli cornua porose-areas sclerotized cuticle setae sensilla Haller's-organ tarsus claws pulvilli scutum-shape punctations grooves coxae trochanters femora genua tibiae tarsi pretarsi adanal-plates accessory-plates spiracles tracheae salivary-glands midgut Malpighian-tubules reproductive-system ovary testis genital-aperture anus preanal-groove postanal-groove subanal-plates paranal-plates marginal-grooves pseudoscutum scapulars cervical-grooves punctate reticulate shagreened wrinkled smooth glabrous setiferous pilose hispid granular mammillated tuberculate carinated sulcate striate costate lineate punctate-striate reticulate-punctate IXO_aff NCBI:txid GBIF:species Catalogue-of-Life:species iNaturalist:taxon Wikipedia:species Ixodes affinis bird-tick deer-tick dog-tick rabbit-tick shrew-tick mole-tick mouse-tick rat-tick squirrel-tick raccoon-tick wren-tick thrasher-tick robin-tick towhee-tick cardinal-tick sparrow-tick thrush-tick migratory-tick invasive-tick expanding-range emerging-vector cryptic-species species-complex morphological-identification DNA-barcoding COI 16S ITS2 tick-microbiome pathogen-detection Borrelia spirochete zoonosis vector-competence reservoir-competence enzootic-cycle epizootic spillover bridge-vector amplifying-host reservoir-host maintenance-host incidental-host dead-end-host host-specificity host-range host-switching host-race ecological-fitting niche-expansion range-shift phenology diapause overwintering survival mortality fecundity reproductive-output egg-mass oviposition eclosion molting ecdysis instar stadium developmental-time generation-time life-span longevity population-dynamics abundance prevalence intensity aggregation negative-binomial zero-inflated spatial-distribution temporal-distribution habitat-association microhabitat vegetation-type forest-type successional-stage edge-effect fragmentation connectivity matrix corridor patch landscape-ecology geographic-information-system remote-sensing modeling distribution-modeling ecological-niche-modeling MaxEnt BIOMOD climate-envelope bioclimatic-variables temperature precipitation humidity saturation-deficit vapor-pressure-deficit evapotranspiration seasonality phenology-mismatch global-warming extreme-weather drought flood phenological-shift range-contraction poleward-shift elevation-shift altitudinal-gradient latitudinal-gradient continental insular endemic cosmopolitan pantropical holarctic nearctic neotropical palearctic afrotropical oriental australasian oceanian antarctic biogeography phylogeography population-genetics gene-flow genetic-structure isolation-by-distance isolation-by-environment adaptive-evolution local-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity cryptic-diversity species-delimitation integrative-taxonomy morphometrics geometric-morphometrics traditional-morphometrics landmark outline semilandmark character-matrix phylogeny classification nomenclature type-specimen holotype paratype syntype lectotype neotype original-description redescription emendation synonymy homonymy priority validity availability published-work ZooBank LSID URN DOI ORCID author year journal volume issue pages figure plate map drawing photograph SEM TEM light-microscopy confocal-microscopy microCT scanning-electron-microscopy transmission-electron-microscopy histology immunohistochemistry in-situ-hybridization PCR qPCR RT-PCR ddPCR sequencing Sanger next-generation Illumina PacBio Oxford-Nanopore genome transcriptome proteome metabolome microbiome virome bacteriome fungome parasitome holobiont symbiosis mutualism commensalism parasitism pathogenesis virulence transmission vectorial-capacity basic-reproduction-number R0 force-of-infection incidence seroprevalence case-fatality-rate morbidity disability-adjusted-life-year DALY quality-adjusted-life-year QALY cost-effectiveness economic-burden public-health-burden veterinary-burden agricultural-impact wildlife-impact conservation biodiversity ecosystem-service disservice One-Health EcoHealth Planetary-Health integrated-pest-management IPM vector-control acaricide insecticide resistance insecticide-resistance acaricide-resistance resistance-management rotation mosaic mixture synergist biological-control entomopathogenic-fungus nematode predator parasitoid habitat-modification environmental-management personal-protection repellent insecticide-treated-clothing picaridin IR3535 oil-of-lemon-eucalyptus PMD 2-undecanone spatial-repellent attract-and-kill push-pull surveillance active-surveillance passive-surveillance sentinel-surveillance syndromic-surveillance tick-drag flagging CO2-trap dry-ice host-seeking tick-collection specimen-preservation vouchering museum collection repository database GBIF GenBank BOLD NCBI ITIS EOL Wikidata Wikipedia ResearchGate Google-Scholar Web-of-Science Scopus PubMed MEDLINE EMBASE CAB-Abstracts Zoological-Record BIOSIS agricola agricultural-database veterinary-database medical-database entomological-database acarological-database tick-database Ixodes-database Lyme-disease-database vector-database pathogen-database Borrelia-database spirochete-database ecological-database biodiversity-database observation citizen-science iNaturalist eBird Project-FeederWatch Christmas-Bird-Count North-American-Breeding-Bird-Survey bird-banding mark-recapture radio-telemetry GPS-tracking geolocator light-level-logger accelerometer stable-isotope isotope-analysis migratory-connectivity flyway migration-route wintering-ground breeding-ground stopover-site molt-migration irruptive-migration nomadism dispersal natal-dispersal breeding-dispersal seed-dispersal pollination trophic-cascade food-web food-chain trophic-level apex-predator mesopredator keystone-species ecosystem-engineer foundation-species flagship-species umbrella-species indicator-species sentinel-species bioindicator biomonitor environmental-monitor pollution-indicator climate-indicator disease-indicator health-indicator One-Health-indicator surveillance-indicator early-warning risk-assessment hazard-identification exposure-assessment dose-response risk-characterization risk-management risk-communication risk-perception risk-behavior protective-behavior preventive-behavior health-belief-model theory-of-planned-behavior social-cognitive-theory health-communication health-education health-promotion disease-prevention primary-prevention secondary-prevention tertiary-prevention screening diagnosis treatment antibiotic doxycycline amoxicillin ceftriaxone azithromycin prophylaxis post-exposure-prophylaxis vaccine Lyme-disease-vaccine tick-vaccine anti-tick-vaccine target-of-acquired-immunity tick-saliva salivary-gland salivary-protein immunomodulation immunosuppression anti-inflammatory anticoagulant vasodilator anesthetic cement-cone tick-attachment feeding-lesion tick-bite tick-borne-encephalitis TBE Powassan-virus deer-tick-virus Heartland-virus Bourbon-virus Colorado-tick-fever Rocky-Mountain-spotted-fever RMSF ehrlichiosis anaplasmosis babesiosis theileriosis cytauxzoonosis hepatozoonosis tick-paralysis tick-toxicosis alpha-gal-syndrome red-meat-allergy galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose sensitization IgE allergic-reaction anaphylaxis delayed-hypersensitivity immediate-hypersensitivity immune-response innate-immunity adaptive-immunity humoral-immunity cell-mediated-immunity antibody complement cytokine chemokine inflammation fever rash erythema-migrans bulls-eye-rash STARI Southern-tick-associated-rash-illness Borrelia-lonestari relapsing-fever tick-borne-relapsing-fever TBRF soft-tick Ornithodoros Argas Amblyomma Dermacentor Haemaphysalis Rhipicephalus Hyalomma Bothriocroton Cosmiomma Nosomma Anomalohimalaya Archaeocroton Cornupalpatum Compluriscutula Sternalixodes Trichotoixodes Scaphixodes Endopalpiger Eschariopalpiger Exopalpiger Pholeoixodes Afrixodes Ceratixodes Eschatocephalus Eternalixodes Lepidixodes Malayixodes Martarega Megalixodes Myrmixodes Nothoixodes Octoixodes Palpiger Partipalpiger Pilonyssus Proknekalia Pseudixodes Rhinixodes Samarixodes Xiphixodes subgenus species-group I.-ricinus-complex I.-persulcatus-complex I.-scapularis-complex I.-pacificus-complex I.-affinis-group I.-cookei-group I.-marxi-group I.-angustus-group I.-soricis-group I.-uriae-group I.-holocyclus-group I.-ceylonensis-group I.-granulatus-group I.-ovatus-group I.-nipponensis-group I.-persulcatus-group I.-pavlovskyi-group I.-ricinus-group I.-scapularis-group I.-pacificus-group I.-affinis I.-auritulus I.-australiensis I.-boliviensis I.-brunneus I.-cookei I.-cooleyi I.-cornuae I.-cornuatus I.-crenulatus I.-dammini I.-dawsoni I.-dentatus I.-diomedeae I.-domerguei I.-eadsi I.-eastoni I.-eldaricus I.-elongatus I.-eudyptidis I.-euplectropi I.-evansi I.-fecialis I.-festai I.-frontalis I.-galapagoensis I.-ghilarovi I.-gibbosus I.-granulatus I.-gregsoni I.-hearlei I.-hexagonus I.-hirsti I.-holocyclus I.-hoogstraali I.-howelli I.-hyatti I.-jacksoni I.-jellisoni I.-kashmiricus I.-kazakstani I.-kingi I.-kohlsi I.-kopsteini I.-kuntzi I.-laguri I.-latus I.-layingensis I.-lewisi I.-lividus I.-longiscutatus I.-loricatus I.-luciae I.-malayensis I.-marxi I.-maslovi I.-matopi I.-minor I.-monospinosus I.-moreli I.-moschiferi I.-muris I.-murreleti I.-myospalacis I.-nchisiensis I.-necromys I.-neitzi I.-nipponensis I.-nuttalli I.-ochotonae I.-okapiae I.-oldi I.-ornithorhynchi I.-ovatus I.-pacificus I.-pararicinus I.-pavlovskyi I.-percavatus I.-peromysci I.-persulcatus I.-pomerantzi I.-pterodromae I.-quadratus I.-raccoonis I.-rageaui I.-randrianasoloi I.-rasus I.-redikorzevi I.-ricinus I.-rothschildi I.-rotundatus I.-rubicundus I.-rugicollis I.-rugosus I.-sapeloensis I.-sarsi I.-scapularis I.-schillingsi I.-sculptus I.-semenovi I.-soricis I.-spinae I.-steini I.-stilesi I.-stromi I.-subterranus I.-tancitarius I.-tanuki I.-tapirus I.-tasmani I.-taylori I.-tertiarius I.-texanus I.-theilerae I.-thomasae I.-tovari I.-transvaalensis I.-trianguliceps I.-trichosuri I.-turdus I.-uriae I.-vandenbergi I.-vanidicus I.-ventalloi I.-vespertilionis I.-victoriensis I.-walkerae I.-werneri I.-woodi I.-zaglossi I.-zairensis tick-taxonomy tick-systematics tick-phylogeny tick-evolution tick-biogeography tick-ecology tick-physiology tick-behavior tick-reproduction tick-development tick-nutrition tick-metabolism tick-respiration tick-excretion tick-osmoregulation tick-neurobiology tick-sensory-biology tick-chemoreception tick-thermoreception tick-mechanoreception tick-photoreception tick-circadian-rhythm tick-biological-clock tick-seasonality tick-diapause tick-overwintering tick-cold-hardiness tick-desiccation-resistance tick-water-balance tick-cuticle tick-molting tick-ecdysis tick-growth tick-feeding tick-engorgement tick-blood-meal tick-digestion tick-salivation tick-saliva-composition tick-salivary-gland-transcriptome tick-salivary-proteome tick-pharmacology tick-toxicology tick-venom tick-paralysis-toxin tick-borne-pathogen tick-borne-virus tick-borne-bacterium tick-borne-protozoan tick-borne-helminth tick-borne-rickettsia tick-borne-ehrlichia tick-borne-anaplasma tick-borne-borrelia tick-borne-babesia tick-borne-theileria tick-borne-hepatozoon tick-borne-coxiella tick-borne-francisella tick-borne-bartonella tick-borne-chlamydia tick-borne-mycoplasma tick-borne-spiroplasma tick-borne-arbovirus tick-borne-flavivirus tick-borne-bunyavirus tick-borne-reovirus tick-borne-orbivirus tick-borne-coltivirus tick-borne-nairovirus tick-borne-phlebovirus tick-borne-thogotovirus tick-borne-orthomyxovirus tick-borne-arenavirus tick-borne-hantavirus tick-borne-paramyxovirus tick-borne-rhabdovirus tick-borne-bornavirus tick-borne-filovirus tick-borne-coronavirus tick-borne-poxvirus tick-borne-herpesvirus tick-borne-adenovirus tick-borne-papillomavirus tick-borne-polyomavirus tick-borne-circovirus tick-borne-parvovirus tick-borne-anellovirus tick-borne-dependovirus tick-borne-tenuivirus tick-borne-deltavirus tick-borne-hepadnavirus tick-borne-retrovirus tick-borne-lentivirus tick-borne-spumavirus tick-borne-metavirus tick-borne-pseudovirus tick-borne-hemivirus tick-borne-novirhabdovirus tick-borne-peribunyavirus tick-borne-phenuivirus tick-borne-bandavirus tick-borne-phasivirus tick-borne-tulasvirus tick-borne-orthonairovirus tick-borne-shavivirus tick-borne-sathuperi-virus tick-borne-salehabad-virus tick-borne-dera-ghazi-khan-virus tick-borne-hughes-virus tick-borne-farallon-virus tick-borne-punta-salinas-virus tick-borne-sapphire-II-virus tick-borne-zirqa-virus tick-borne-keterah-virus tick-borne-thiafora-virus tick-borne-erve-virus tick-borne-malsoor-virus tick-borne-tibet-virus tick-borne-qalyub-virus tick-borne-yogue-virus tick-borne-kasokero-virus tick-borne-lebombo-virus tick-borne-nyamanini-virus tick-borne-midway-virus tick-borne-tokar-virus tick-borne-absettarov-virus tick-borne-hypr-virus tick-borne-kumlinge-virus tick-borne-omsk-hemorrhagic-fever-virus tick-borne-langat-virus tick-borne-louping-ill-virus tick-borne-kyasanur-forest-disease-virus tick-borne-alkhurma-hemorrhagic-fever-virus tick-borne-powassan-virus tick-borne-deer-tick-virus tick-borne-heartland-virus tick-borne-bourbon-virus tick-borne-colorado-tick-fever-virus tick-borne-eyach-virus tick-borne-banna-virus tick-borne-seadornavirus tick-borne-great-island-virus tick-borne-kemerovo-virus tick-borne-lipovnik-virus tick-borne-tribec-virus tick-borne-chobar-gorge-virus tick-borne-wad-Medani-virus tick-borne-dugbe-virus tick-borne-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-virus tick-borne-nairobi-sheep-disease-virus tick-borne-ganjam-virus tick-borne-bandia-virus tick-borne-sierra-nevada-virus tick-borne-lone-star-virus tick-borne-severe-fever-with-thrombocytopenia-syndrome-virus tick-borne-huaiyangshan-virus tick-borne-guertu-virus tick-borne-Alongshan-virus tick-borne-wenzhou-virus tick-borne-wuhan-virus tick-borne-yongjia-virus tick-borne-chiba-virus tick-borne-natori-virus tick-borne-odawara-virus tick-borne-kowloon-virus tick-borne-tamanavirus
Jikradia
Jikradia is a genus of leafhoppers (family Cicadellidae) first described by Nielson in 1979. The genus contains over 20 described species distributed across the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions, with records from North America, Central America, and the Old World. At least one species, Jikradia olitoria, has been identified as a putative vector of phytoplasmas causing North American Grapevine Yellows disease. The genus has undergone recent taxonomic revision with four new species described from Mesoamerica.
leafhopper Cicadellidae phytoplasma-vector vineyard-pest Nearctic Palaearctic agricultural-significance
Juniperthia indella
Juniperthia indella is a species of planthopper in the family Achilidae, first described by Ball in 1933. It belongs to the tribe Plectoderini within the subfamily Myconinae. Records indicate this species occurs in the southwestern United States.
planthopper Achilidae Hemiptera Nearctic rare
Kaira altiventer
Kaira altiventer is a species of orb-weaving spider in the family Araneidae. It was described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1889. The species has a broad geographic distribution spanning from the United States southward through Central America to Brazil.
orb-weaver spider Araneidae Neotropical Nearctic 1889-description
Kirbya setosa
Kirbya setosa is a tachinid fly species described by Townsend in 1915. Tachinidae are parasitoid flies whose larvae develop within or on other insects, though the specific hosts of K. setosa remain undocumented. The species is recorded from the United States and Mexico. Beyond its taxonomic placement and geographic distribution, published information on this species is extremely limited.
Tachinidae parasitoid Nearctic
Kokkocynips coxii
Kokkocynips coxii is a Nearctic gall wasp species originally described as Cynips coxii by Bassett in 1881 and later transferred from Dryocosmus to Kokkocynips in 2021 based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. It is one of six Nearctic species reclassified into Kokkocynips, expanding a genus previously considered monotypic and restricted to Mexico. The species induces galls on red oaks.
gall-wasp oak-gall Cynipini Nearctic red-oak-associate
Kokkocynips imbricariae
Banded Bullet Gall Wasp
Kokkocynips imbricariae is a gall wasp species in the tribe Cynipini, transferred from Dryocosmus to Kokkocynips in 2021 based on molecular and morphological evidence. It induces galls on red oaks (Quercus section Lobatae) and is distributed in the Nearctic region. The species was originally described by Ashmead in 1896.
gall-wasp oak-gall Cynipini Nearctic red-oak-associate taxonomic-revision-2021
Kuschelina
Kuschelina is a genus of flea beetles (family Chrysomelidae) established by J. Bechyné in 1951. The genus comprises approximately 20–30 described species distributed across the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. These beetles are part of the diverse flea beetle lineage, characterized by their enlarged hind femora adapted for jumping.
flea-beetles Chrysomelidae Nearctic Neotropical jumping-beetles
Kyboasca bipunctata
Kyboasca bipunctata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Originally described as Chloria bipunctata by Oshanin in 1871, this small true bug belongs to the tribe Empoascini, a group known for containing many economically significant agricultural pests. The genus Kyboasca is part of the diverse leafhopper fauna found across the Palearctic and Nearctic regions. As a member of the Typhlocybinae, it possesses the characteristic reduced wing venation and specialized mouthparts for piercing-sucking plant feeding typical of this subfamily.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Empoascini Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha palearctic nearctic
Kybos coronatus
Kybos coronatus is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Hamilton in 1972. It belongs to the subfamily Typhlocybinae, a group of small leafhoppers characterized by reduced wing venation. The species has been recorded from multiple provinces across Canada including Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, and Québec. Like other members of the genus Kybos, it is likely associated with vascular plants, though specific host relationships remain undocumented.
leafhopper Cicadellidae Typhlocybinae Hemiptera Canada Nearctic
Kybos yukonensis
Kybos yukonensis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described by Ross in 1963. The species is endemic to northwestern North America, with records from Alaska, Yukon, and British Columbia. As a member of the Empoascini tribe, it belongs to a group of small, agile leafhoppers often associated with woody vegetation.
leafhopper Typhlocybinae Empoascini Nearctic northwestern-North-America endemic 1963-description
Lacanobia nevadae
Nevada Arches Moth
Lacanobia nevadae, commonly known as the Nevada Arches Moth, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. First described by Grote in 1876 under the basionym Mamestra nevadae, this moth is found in North America, particularly in the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. The species is assigned MONA/Hodges number 10296. As a member of the genus Lacanobia, it belongs to a group of moths whose population trends have been studied in long-term monitoring efforts, though specific ecological data for this species remains limited.
cutworm-moth dart-moth noctuid Nearctic
Ladona
Corporals
Ladona is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae, commonly known as corporals. Molecular phylogenetic evidence supports its status as a monophyletic lineage distinct from the closely related genera Libellula and Plathemis. The genus contains three recognized species distributed in the Nearctic region. Historical taxonomic debate has centered on whether Ladona should be treated as a separate genus, subgenus, or synonym of Libellula.
Odonata Libellulidae dragonflies Nearctic molecular-phylogenetics taxonomic-debate
Lagynodes acuticornis
Lagynodes acuticornis is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Megaspilidae, first described by Kieffer in 1906. The species belongs to a small family of tiny wasps (typically 1–4 mm) that are understudied and poorly known ecologically. Megaspilids are generally internal parasitoids of other insects, though specific host associations for most species remain undocumented. The genus Lagynodes is distinguished by reduced wing venation and distinctive antennal morphology.
parasitoid Ceraphronoidea Megaspilidae understudied Nearctic Palearctic
Lampetis
Eyed Jewel Beetles
Lampetis is a large genus of jewel beetles (Buprestidae) comprising nearly 300 species worldwide. Adults are typically large, conspicuous beetles with brilliant metallic coloration. The genus has a broad geographic distribution spanning North America, South America, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Larval biology remains poorly known for most species, with development suspected to occur in living wood below the soil line—a habit that explains the rarity of larval discoveries.
Buprestidae jewel-beetles wood-borers metallic-beetles flat-headed-borers living-wood-specialists subterranean-larvae Nearctic Neotropical Palearctic desert-fauna riparian-habitats sand-dune-fauna Argentina Texas Oklahoma Iraq
Lampetis cupreopunctata
Tamaulipan Copper-spotted Buprestid
A metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae, characterized by copper-spotted coloration. Native to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, with documented presence in Central America and North America. The common name references the Tamaulipan region, suggesting association with northeastern Mexico and adjacent areas.
Buprestidae metallic-wood-boring-beetle jewel-beetle Nearctic Neotropical Central-America North-America Schaeffer-1905 Tamaulipan-region
Langurites lineatus
Red-shouldered Lizard Beetle
Langurites lineatus, commonly known as the Red-shouldered Lizard Beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. The species has been recorded across North America, Middle America, and South America. As a member of Erotylidae, it is associated with fungal habitats, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in published literature.
Coleoptera Erotylidae Langurites pleasing-fungus-beetle Neotropical Nearctic Panamanian Caribbean Mexican Central-American South-American North-American Middle-American fungus-beetle lizard-beetle Languriinae Languriini Langurites-lineatus Red-shouldered-Lizard-Beetle Laporte-1832 1832 Animalia Arthropoda Insecta
Laphria gilva
Orange-patched Laphria
Laphria gilva is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, commonly known as the Orange-patched Laphria. It is found in the Nearctic realm. The species has been documented mating on pine trees or stumps, with both sexes exhibiting polygamous behavior. As a member of the genus Laphria, it belongs to a group known for effective bumble bee mimicry, though specific mimetic characteristics for this species require further documentation.
robber-fly asilid Nearctic pine-habitat polygamy
Lascoria
litter moths
Lascoria is a genus of litter moths in the subfamily Herminiinae of family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1859 and contains approximately 14 described species distributed primarily in the Americas. Members are commonly known as litter moths due to their association with decomposing leaf litter in forest habitats.
litter-moth Herminiinae Erebidae Neotropical Nearctic
Lasiopogon actius
Lasiopogon actius is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) in the bivittatus section of the genus Lasiopogon. The species was described by Melander in 1923 and was validated as a distinct taxon in a 2021 molecular phylogenetic revision of Nearctic Lasiopogon. It is part of a species group characterized by distinctive morphological features within the western Nearctic fauna. Specific biological details remain poorly documented in accessible literature.
robber-fly Asilidae bivittatus-section Nearctic taxonomic-revision
Lasiopogon anaphlecter
Lasiopogon anaphlecter is a species of robber fly (Diptera: Asilidae) described by McKnight in 2020. It belongs to the bivittatus section of the genus Lasiopogon, a group of Nearctic asilid flies. The species was established based on integrated molecular phylogenetic analysis (COI, AATS, PEPCK, Wg loci) and morphological examination.
robber-fly asilid Nearctic new-species molecular-phylogenetics