Sclerotized
Guides
Brachypylina
Brachypylina is a diverse infraorder of oribatid mites (beetle mites) comprising the majority of oribatid species. These mites are characterized by heavily armored, beetle-like bodies with a distinct separation between the notogastral shield and other body regions. They occupy a wide range of terrestrial habitats and play significant roles in decomposition and nutrient cycling.
Ixodes affinis
Ixodes affinis is a hard-bodied tick species distributed across the southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. Unlike its congener Ixodes scapularis, this species does not bite humans but serves as a competent vector for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Immature stages feed on birds and small mammals, while adults parasitize larger mammals including deer and dogs. Its expanding range into southeastern Virginia and association with migratory birds has raised concerns about its role in pathogen dispersal.
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Paranonychid Harvestmen
Paranonychidae is a family of armored harvestmen (Opiliones) containing 9 genera and at least 28 described species. The family was established by Briggs in 1971 and is classified within the superfamily Travunioidea. Members are characterized by heavily sclerotized body armor, an adaptation that distinguishes them from many other harvestman families. The family has a predominantly Pacific Rim distribution, with genera found in Japan, western North America, and other regions.
Zuma tioga
Zuma tioga is an armoured harvestman (order Opiliones) described by Briggs in 1971. It belongs to the family Paranonychidae within the infraorder Insidiatores. The species is known from North America, though specific locality details beyond this broad region are not well documented. Like other members of its family, it is a small, soil-dwelling arachnid with a heavily sclerotized body.