Flower-visitor
Guides
Erythridula amabilis
Erythridula amabilis is a small leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1924. It belongs to the diverse tribe Erythroneurini, which contains many colorful microleafhoppers. The species is documented from limited observations, primarily in the southwestern United States.
Esenbeckia
horse-fly
Esenbeckia is a genus of horse-flies (family Tabanidae) established by Rondani in 1863. Members are characterized by large, often vividly colored compound eyes and robust body form typical of tabanid flies. The genus is distinct from the plant genus of the same name (family Rutaceae), which was described earlier by Kunth. Species within Esenbeckia are found in the Americas and are diurnal, fast-flying insects.
Eulasiona
Eulasiona is a genus of tachinid flies established by Townsend in 1892. The genus currently contains 12 described species distributed primarily in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. As members of the family Tachinidae, these flies are parasitoids, though specific host associations for most Eulasiona species remain undocumented. The genus is classified in the subfamily Dexiinae and tribe Voriini.
Eulonchus
North American jewelled spider flies, sapphires, emeralds
Eulonchus is a genus of small-headed flies in the family Acroceridae, comprising six described species endemic to North America. Adults are strikingly metallic blue, green, or purple, earning them the common names 'sapphires' and 'emeralds.' They are important pollinators of diverse flowering plants, with elongated mouthparts adapted for nectar feeding. Their larvae are parasitoids of spiders, specifically targeting trapdoor spiders in the families Euctenizidae and Antrodiaetidae.
Eulonchus sapphirinus
Sapphire spider fly
Eulonchus sapphirinus is a species of small-headed fly in the family Acroceridae, commonly known as the sapphire spider fly. Adults are metallic blue in coloration and are specialized flower visitors, particularly abundant on Geranium robertianum in Olympic National Park, Washington. The species exhibits sexually dimorphic flower-visiting behavior related to mating, with females moving more slowly among flowers than males. Like other members of its genus, the larvae are parasitoids of spiders, though specific host records for this species remain unconfirmed.
Eulonchus tristis
small-headed fly
Eulonchus tristis is a small-headed fly (family Acroceridae) native to western North America. Adults are known flower visitors, particularly of Brodiaea elegans and Iris douglasiana in California, where they carry substantial pollen loads. The species has been documented as a potential pollinator, especially for B. elegans. Like other acrocerids, larvae are parasitoids of spiders.
Gasteruptiidae
Carrot Wasps
Gasteruptiidae is a family of apocritan wasps comprising approximately 500 species in two subfamilies (Gasteruptiinae and Hyptiogastrinae) and six extant genera worldwide. Members are commonly known as "carrot wasps" due to their slender, elongated bodies and frequent association with umbelliferous flowers. The family is characterized by a pronounced elongated "neck" (propleura) between the head and thorax, a petiole attached high on the propodeum, and notably swollen, club-like hind tibiae. These wasps are parasitoids or predator-inquilines of solitary bees and wasps, with females using their long ovipositors to deposit eggs in host nests.
Gasteruption floridanum
Carrot Wasp
Gasteruption floridanum is a species of carrot wasp in the family Gasteruptiidae, found in Florida and the eastern United States. Like other members of its genus, it possesses the family's characteristic slender body, pronounced neck between head and thorax, and enlarged hind tibiae. The species is a parasitoid of solitary bees and wasps that nest in twigs or wood borings. Females use their long ovipositors to reach host larvae deep in tunnels, where they deposit eggs that develop into larvae feeding on the host's stored provisions.
Gasteruption visaliae
Carrot Wasp
Gasteruption visaliae is a species of parasitoid wasp in the family Gasteruptiidae, commonly known as carrot wasps. The species exhibits the distinctive family traits of an elongated neck, slender body, and enlarged hind tibiae. Like other gasteruptiids, it is presumed to parasitize solitary bees and wasps nesting in twigs or wood borings, though specific host records for this species remain limited. Females possess a long ovipositor for accessing host nests.
Gaurotes cyanipennis
Gaurotes cyanipennis is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Thomas Say in 1824. It belongs to the subfamily Lepturinae and tribe Rhagiini. The species is found in eastern North America, with records from Canada and the United States. Like other members of its genus, it exhibits metallic coloration typical of many rhagiine beetles.
Gnathium
Gnathium is a genus of blister beetles in the family Meloidae, subfamily Nemognathinae. The genus comprises approximately 16 described species distributed primarily in North America. Members of this genus are characterized by their elongated, nectar-feeding mouthparts, which represent a distinctive adaptation within the family. The genus was established by Kirby in 1819.
Gnathium francilloni
Gnathium francilloni is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae, subfamily Nemognathinae. The genus Gnathium is characterized by elongated, filiform maxillary galeae adapted for nectar feeding on flowers with deep corollas. This species occurs in North America and is part of a genus whose members are among the smallest blister beetles.
Grammoptera exigua
Grammoptera exigua is a small flower longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae) first described by Newman in 1841. It belongs to a genus of beetles commonly found on flowers, where adults feed on pollen. The species occurs in eastern North America, with records from Ontario, Québec, and Manitoba in Canada. Like other Grammoptera species, it is associated with woody vegetation and is most often encountered on freshly cut logs or flowering plants.
Hadromyia aepalius
Sterling Quicksilver
Hadromyia aepalius, known as the Sterling Quicksilver, is a rare hoverfly (family Syrphidae) found in eastern North America. The species exhibits a distinctive shining metallic bronze coloration that gives it its common name. It belongs to a genus of relatively uncommon flower-visiting flies. Observations are sparse, with only five documented records on iNaturalist.
Hedychridium
cuckoo wasps
Hedychridium is a genus of cuckoo wasps in the family Chrysididae, characterized by brilliant metallic coloration in blues, greens, and reds. These small wasps are nest parasites of predatory solitary wasps, with females laying eggs in the nests of host species. The genus is distributed across the Western Palaearctic, with some species found in North America and isolated records from the Far East. Adults are commonly observed visiting flowers for nectar, particularly plants in the families Apiaceae and Asteraceae.
Hemipenthes blanchardiana
A species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. Larvae of the genus Hemipenthes are hyper-parasites, developing as parasites of ichneumon wasps, tachinid flies, and other insects that are themselves parasites of caterpillars. This makes them secondary consumers in parasitoid food webs. Adults visit flowers for nectar. The species has been documented in Arizona and other parts of North America.
Hemipenthes curta
Bee Fly
Hemipenthes curta is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. Like other members of the genus Hemipenthes, its larvae are hyper-parasites—parasites of other parasitic insects. The species occurs in North America and is active during spring and summer months. Adult bee flies in this genus are typically observed visiting flowers for nectar.
Hemipenthes pullata
Hemipenthes pullata is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, first described by Coquillett in 1894. The genus Hemipenthes is distinguished by its unique larval ecology: larvae are hyper-parasitoids that develop as parasites of other parasitic insects, specifically targeting ichneumon wasps, tachinid flies, and similar parasitoids of lepidopteran caterpillars. Adult bee flies in this genus visit flowers for nectar, though they are considered flower visitors rather than effective pollinators. The species is part of the diverse North American bee fly fauna, which includes over 800 described species north of Mexico.
Heringia salax
Eastern Smoothleg, Eastern Smoothleg Fly
Heringia salax, commonly known as the Eastern Smoothleg Fly, is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae. Adults visit flowers to feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae are predatory, feeding on aphids. The species is recorded across North America.
Hystricia abrupta
Spiny-butt fly
Hystricia abrupta is a species of bristle fly in the family Tachinidae, commonly recognized by its spiny abdomen. This large tachinid fly is frequently found in western North America, where adults visit late summer and fall wildflowers for nectar. Like other tachinid flies, it is a parasitoid, with larvae developing inside host insects. It is often mistaken for similar large tachinids such as Adejeania vexatrix and Paradejeania rutilioides due to its robust, spiny appearance.
Ischnomera puncticollis
Spot-necked Oedemerid
Ischnomera puncticollis is a species of false blister beetle in the family Oedemeridae, commonly known as the spot-necked oedemerid. The species is distinguished from congeners by punctation patterns on the pronotum. Adults are frequently observed on flowers, where they feed on pollen and nectar. The genus Ischnomera contains multiple North American species that are similar in general appearance, requiring careful examination for accurate identification.
Ischnomera ruficollis
Red-necked False Blister Beetle
Ischnomera ruficollis, commonly known as the Red-necked False Blister Beetle, is a small beetle in the family Oedemeridae. Adults have been observed visiting flowers of early spring-blooming woody plants, particularly Prunus mexicana (Mexican plum) and Amelanchier arborea (downy serviceberry), where they feed alongside bees and other beetles. The species exhibits mating behavior on flowers and appears to be an early-season active species in temperate North American woodlands.
Isomira ruficollis
red-necked false blister beetle
Isomira ruficollis is a species of false blister beetle in the family Tenebrionidae. The species has been documented visiting flowers of Prunus mexicana (Mexican plum) and Amelanchier arborea (downy serviceberry) in Missouri during early spring. It belongs to a genus whose members are typically associated with flowers and fungal substrates. The specific epithet "ruficollis" refers to the reddish coloration of the pronotum.
Juriniopsis adusta
Juriniopsis adusta is a species of tachinid bristle fly found across North America. It is a common and widespread member of the family Tachinidae, frequently observed visiting flowers of Ericameria nauseosa (rubber rabbitbrush) in the western United States. The species is one of the most frequently encountered tachinids in this habitat, often appearing in large numbers during late summer and early fall. Its broad distribution spans from southern Canada through the United States and into Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.
Juriniopsis aurifrons
Juriniopsis aurifrons is a species of bristle fly in the family Tachinidae, first described by Brooks in 1949. The species is known from the southwestern United States and Mexico. Like other tachinid flies, it is likely a parasitoid, though specific host records remain undocumented. Adults have been observed visiting flowers, particularly those of rubber rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa).
Lacon discoideus
Disk-shaped Click Beetle
A species of click beetle native to eastern North America. Adults are known to exhibit Batesian mimicry, resembling toxic soldier beetles (Chauliognathus spp.) with a black and orange color pattern despite being harmless themselves. The species is associated with flowers where it feeds on pollen and nectar.
Lejota cyanea
Cobalt Trunksitter
Lejota cyanea, commonly known as the cobalt trunksitter, is an uncommon syrphid fly found in northeastern and western North America. Adults are flower-visiting hoverflies that feed on nectar and pollen. The larvae develop in decaying tree roots, a trait characteristic of the genus Lejota.
Lepidophora lepidocera
Scaly Bee Fly
Lepidophora lepidocera is a Nearctic bee fly species in the family Bombyliidae, one of eight species in the genus Lepidophora. The genus is restricted to the New World, with L. lepidocera occurring in the eastern United States. Adults display a distinctive hunch-backed body shape and are frequently observed visiting flowers for nectar. Larvae are kleptoparasites that usurp provisions from solitary wasp nests rather than parasitizing the wasp larvae directly.
Lepturobosca chrysocoma
Yellow velvet beetle, Golden flower longhorn beetle, Golden-haired flower longhorn
Lepturobosca chrysocoma is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, characterized by its dense coat of golden hairs that gives rise to its common names. The species was originally described as Cosmosalia chrysocoma by William Kirby in 1837, but was reassigned to Lepturobosca in 1998 based on morphological comparisons by Russian entomologist Alexander Ivanovich Miroshnikov. Adults are frequently observed feeding on flowers during summer months, where they function as pollinators by transferring pollen on their hairy bodies. Larvae develop in decaying wood of trees including black spruce (Picea mariana) and poplars (Populus).
Lindenius
Lindenius is a genus of solitary wasps in the family Crabronidae containing 63 known species, predominantly distributed in the Palearctic with some Nearctic representatives. Species exhibit diverse prey specialization: L. pygmaeus armatus hunts chalcid wasps (primarily Pteromalidae), while L. albilabris preys on paralyzed spiders. Nests are excavated in sandy or loess soils, with burrows containing multiple cells provisioned with prey items. Adults are active from late May to late July and visit flowers for nectar.
Linsleya convexa
Linsleya convexa is a blister beetle in the family Meloidae, subgenus Linsleya. The species was described by LeConte in 1853 and is native to western North America. It belongs to a genus of moderate-sized meloids associated with grassland and prairie habitats. Like other members of the Epicautini tribe, it possesses chemical defenses derived from cantharidin.
Lordotus striatus
Lordotus striatus is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, first described by Painter in 1940. It belongs to the subfamily Lordotinae and tribe Lordotini. The species has been documented in arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States, particularly in association with flowering plants in alkaline flats and tamarisk/saltbush chaparral habitats.
Lycastrirhyncha
neotropical flower flies, neotropical hoverflies
Lycastrirhyncha is a genus of neotropical hoverflies (Syrphidae) comprising five described species. The genus was established by Bigot in 1859 with L. nitens as the type species. At least one species, L. nitens, has been documented as a flower visitor in wetland habitats, where it forages on Pontederia sagittata inflorescences. Observations indicate temporal variation in foraging behavior correlated with nectar availability.
Lycastrirhyncha nitens
Lycastrirhyncha nitens is a hoverfly species (Diptera: Syrphidae) first described by Bigot in 1859. It is known from floral visitation studies on Pontederia sagittata (arrowhead water hyacinth), where it exhibits temporal variation in foraging behavior correlated with nectar availability. The species has been documented in wetland habitats across Brazil, with GBIF records indicating presence in all 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District.
Lycochoriolaus
Lycochoriolaus is a genus of longhorn beetles (family Cerambycidae, subfamily Lepturinae) described by Linsley & Chemsak in 1976. The genus contains approximately 11 species distributed primarily in the Americas. One species, L. lateralis, has been documented in Florida, where it exhibits lycid beetle mimicry—an apparent case of Batesian or Müllerian mimicry involving distasteful lycid beetles (family Lycidae). The beetles are not skittish and can be handled easily, likely due to their protective mimicry. The genus is classified within the tribe Lepturini, a group of flower-visiting and foliage-associated cerambycids.
Lycochoriolaus lateralis
Lycochoriolaus lateralis is a species of longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Lepturinae. First described by Guillaume-Antoine Olivier in 1795, this species is notable for its mimicry of lycid beetles (family Lycidae), which are chemically defended and distasteful to predators. The species has been documented in Florida and Mexico, where it occurs in dry oak/pine sandhill woodland habitats. Unlike most cerambycids, adults exhibit reduced skittishness, likely due to the protective advantage conferred by their mimicry.
Lycostomus fulvellus femoratus
Lycostomus fulvellus femoratus is a subspecies of net-winged beetle (family Lycidae) in the genus Lycostomus. Net-winged beetles are characterized by their soft, flexible elytra with distinct reticulate venation patterns. Members of this family are typically found in forested habitats and are known for their aposematic coloration, often displaying orange, red, or yellow patterns that advertise their chemical defenses. The subspecies epithet 'femoratus' likely refers to distinctive coloration or modification of the femora.
Lycus
Netwing Beetles
Lycus is a genus of net-winged beetles in the family Lycidae, characterized by soft, flexible elytra with a distinctive reticulate (net-like) venation pattern. These beetles are notable for their aposematic coloration, typically featuring bold black and orange or red patterns that advertise their chemical defenses to predators. The genus is widely distributed and includes species that frequent flowers, where adults feed on pollen and nectar.
Lycus arizonensis
Arizona Net-winged Beetle
Lycus arizonensis is a species of net-winged beetle in the family Lycidae, characterized by amber coloration with black-tipped elytra. Males are slightly smaller than females. The species occurs in the Southwestern United States and Mexico, where adults have been observed on flowers of desert kidneywood (Eysenhardtia orthocarpa).
Lytta biguttata
Two-spotted Lytta
Lytta biguttata is a blister beetle in the family Meloidae, placed in the subgenus Paralytta. The species is found in arid and semi-arid regions of western North America and Central America. Like other meloids, it possesses chemical defenses and has been observed on flowers of Asteraceae, including Cirsium and yellow composite flowers.
Macrolygistopterus rubripennis
Red-winged net-winged beetle
A red net-winged beetle (family Lycidae) in the genus Macrolygistopterus. The species is characterized by bright red to orange-red elytra with distinctive black markings. Like other lycids, adults are diurnal and often found on vegetation. The genus Macrolygistopterus is distinguished from related genera by specific antennal and pronotal characteristics.
Macromya crocata
Macromya crocata is a species of bristle fly in the family Tachinidae. It belongs to the tribe Nemoraeini and was described by Reinhard in 1968. The species is found in North America, where it occurs in forested habitats. Like other tachinid flies, it is a parasitoid, though specific host records for this species remain undocumented. Adults are active during late summer and fall, often observed visiting flowers for nectar.
Macrosiagon limbata
Bordered Wedge-shaped Beetle
Macrosiagon limbata is a wedge-shaped beetle in the family Ripiphoridae, first described by Fabricius in 1781. Adults are active in summer and found on flowers, particularly elderberries and goldenrod. The species undergoes hypermetamorphosis, with larvae serving as internal parasitoids of Crabronidae wasps. Females deposit eggs on flowers visited by bees and other hymenopterans, where first-instar planidia attach to hosts for transport to nests.
Mannophorus forreri
Mannophorus forreri is a longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Henry Walter Bates in 1885. It belongs to the tribe Trachyderini, a group known for often brightly colored and patterned species. The species is rarely encountered in collections and appears to have a restricted distribution in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Field observations indicate adults are active in early autumn and visit flowers of yellow composites in mountainous areas of Arizona.
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eing-abettingbeing-facilitatingbeing-easingbeing-smoothingbeing-simplifyingbeing-clarifyingbeing-explainingbeing-interpretingbeing-translatingbeing-renderingbeing-convertingbeing-transformingbeing-changingbeing-alteringbeing-modifyingbeing-adjustingbeing-adaptingbeing-fittingbeing-suitingbeing-matchingbeing-correspondingbeing-agreeingbeing-accordingbeing-harmonizingbeing-conformingbeing-complyingbeing-observingbeing-adheringbeing-stickingbeing-clingingbeing-holdingbeing-graspingbeing-grippingbeing-seizingbeing-grabbingbeing-catchingbeing-capturingbeing-trappingbeing-snaringbeing-nettingbeing-hookingbeing-baggingbeing-landingbeing-securingbeing-obtainingbeing-acquiringbeing-gettingbeing-gainingbeing-winningbeing-earningbeing-achievingbeing-attainingbeing-reachingbeing-arrivingbeing-comingbeing-appearingbeing-emergingbeing-materializingbeing-manifestingbeing-showingbeing-displayingbeing-exhibitingbeing-presentingbeing-offeringbeing-givingbeing-grantingbeing-bestowingbeing-conferringbeing-awardingbeing-giftingbeing-donatingbeing-contributingbeing-sharingbeing-participatingbeing-engagingbeing-involvingbeing-committingbeing-dedicatingbeing-devotingbeing-attachingMelangyna
Halfbands
Melangyna is a genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) distributed across the Holarctic region, with subgenera in the Nearctic, Palearctic, and Australasian regions. Adults are frequent flower visitors, while larvae are predatory on aphids. The genus exhibits sexual dimorphism in behavior and morphology, with males typically larger than females and showing distinct foraging and habitat exploration patterns.
Melanostoma
Melanostoma is a large genus of hoverflies (Syrphidae) established by Schiner in 1860. Members of this genus are small, slender flies with relatively simple coloration compared to many other syrphids. Biological information remains limited; adults have been observed visiting flowers, while larvae are suspected to be general predators of small insects in leaf litter and ground-level vegetation.
Melipotis novanda
Melipotis novanda is an owlet moth in the family Erebidae, first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It is found in North America, where adults have been observed visiting flowers for nectar. The species is assigned MONA/Hodges number 8609.
Metriorrhynchomiris dislocatus
Wild Onion Mirid
Metriorrhynchomiris dislocatus is a mirid plant bug known for extreme color polymorphism, with at least fifteen documented color forms. Adults measure approximately 6.5 mm and are active primarily from April to July. The species is associated with woodland habitats in eastern North America, with documented associations to False Solomon's Seal and Wild Geranium.
Molorchus bimaculatus corni
A small ant-mimicking longhorned beetle subspecies found in early spring on flowering trees. Adults are frequently observed on Cornus florida blossoms in Missouri and surrounding regions. The subspecies is part of the Molorchus bimaculatus complex, distinguished by host associations and geographic distribution. Its ant-like appearance represents Batesian mimicry, providing protection from predators.
Molorchus bimaculatus semiustus
A small longhorned beetle subspecies in the ant-mimic genus Molorchus, occurring in North America during early spring. Adults have been observed on flowers of various flowering trees, particularly flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). The genus exhibits Batesian mimicry of ants, with adults resembling small ants in size and form. This subspecies is part of a complex of ant-mimicking cerambycids that frequent blossoms.