Phloem
Guides
Arhopalus
burnt pine longhorn beetle (A. ferus), black pine sawyer (A. rusticus)
Arhopalus is a genus of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae: Spondylidinae: Asemini) distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, with several species introduced to the Southern Hemisphere as invasive pests of conifers. The genus comprises approximately 20 described species, with A. rusticus and A. ferus being the most extensively studied due to their economic importance. Species develop in dead or fire-damaged conifer wood, with some exhibiting strong attraction to burnt pine volatiles. Several species produce male-emitted aggregation-sex pheromones containing fuscumol and geranylacetone. Invasive populations in New Zealand, Australia, South America, and South Africa require monitoring at ports and sawmills for timber export compliance.
CerambycidaeSpondylidinaeAseminiconifer-pestinvasive-speciespheromonewood-borerpineforestryquarantineNew-ZealandAustraliaSouth-Americabiological-invasionclimate-changevectorBursaphelenchus-xylophilusintegrated-pest-managementmonitoringtrappingsemiochemistryburnt-pinefire-damaged-timbersawmill-pestport-surveillancetimber-exportdeforestationforest-healthecosystem-servicedecomposernutrient-cyclinglife-historyreproductive-biologyovarian-developmentlarval-developmentsurvivalfecunditycompetitioncoexistencespecies-distribution-modelingCMIP6future-climate-scenariosrange-expansionquarantine-pestbiosecurityaggregation-pheromonefuscumolgeranylacetoneelectroantennographyfield-trappingtrap-efficacyhost-volatilesethanolalpha-pinenebeta-pinenemonoterpenesgreen-leaf-volatilesrepellentoviposition-behaviorcrepuscular-activitynocturnal-activityanemotaxischemotaxisthermal-biologydevelopmental-plasticitylaboratory-rearingartificial-diethead-capsule-widthinstar-numberpupal-weightsexual-dimorphismmating-behavioregg-layingsurvivorshipcompetitive-advantagemorphological-anatomyreproductive-systemovipositor-structurenematode-transmissionpine-wilt-diseaseMonochamusvector-competencetransmission-potentialphytopathogenic-nematodeforest-pest-managementdetectionsurveillanceeradicationearly-detectionrapid-responseinvasive-species-managementcost-effective-monitoringenvironmentally-safeIPMbiological-controlnatural-enemiespopulation-dynamicsspatial-distributiongeostatisticslandscape-ecologyforest-patternhabitat-fragmentationland-use-changesouthern-hemisphere-invasionglobal-tradepathway-analysisrisk-assessmentclimate-adaptationthermal-tolerancephenologyvoltinismgeneration-timepopulation-geneticsmolecular-identificationbarcodinggenome-assemblychromosome-levelrepetitive-DNAtransposable-elementsevolutionary-biologyphylogeneticssystematicstaxonomyspecies-identificationmorphological-variationgeographic-variationclinal-variationphenotypic-plasticitydevelopmental-biologyphysiologybiochemistrysoluble-sugarprotein-contentreproductive-maturationfeeding-behaviorneedle-gnawingcardboard-chewingexit-holeemergence-behaviordispersalflight-activityseasonal-abundancepopulation-monitoringtrap-designlure-formulationrelease-ratechiralityenantiomerracemic-mixturedose-responseantennal-responseelectrophysiologybehavioral-assaywind-tunnelolfactory-attractionvisual-cueshabitat-selectionoviposition-preferencehost-selectionhost-conditionstressed-treesfire-damagewind-throwlogging-residuestumpsbranchestrunksbarkphloemsapwoodheartwoodwood-decayfungal-associationsymbiosismicrobial-communitygut-microbiomeenzyme-productionlignocellulose-degradationcarbon-cyclinggreenhouse-gasmethanenitrous-oxideforest-carbonclimate-mitigationsustainable-forestrycertificationphytosanitary-measuresinternational-standardsISPMWTOSPS-agreementtrade-barriermarket-accesseconomic-impactcost-benefit-analysisstakeholder-engagementextensionoutreacheducationcitizen-scienceiNaturalistobservationphotographycollectionspecimen-preservationmuseum-collectionsvoucher-specimenstype-specimensholotypeparatypespecies-descriptionrevisionmonographfaunal-surveybiodiversity-inventorybiogeographyhistorical-biogeographyvicariancehuman-mediated-dispersalintroduction-pathwaypropagule-pressureestablishment-successspread-rateimpact-assessmentenvironmental-impactecosystem-impactbiodiversity-impactnon-target-effectsrisk-managementcontainmentcontroleradication-feasibilityrestorationresilienceadaptive-managementresearch-priorityknowledge-gapfuture-researchcollaborationnetworkdatabaseinformation-sharingopen-accessdata-availabilityreproducibilitytransparencybest-practicestandard-operating-procedurequality-assurancevalidationuncertaintyconfidence-intervalmodel-selectionensemble-modelingscenario-analysissensitivity-analysisuncertainty-quantificationdecision-supportpolicy-relevancescience-policy-interfaceevidence-based-policystakeholder-dialoguecommunicationmediapublic-awarenessbehavior-changepreventionpreparednessresponserecoverylessons-learnedadaptive-capacitytransformationinnovationtechnology-transfercapacity-buildingtrainingprofessional-developmentcareer-developmentmentorshipdiversityinclusionequityethicsresponsible-conductanimal-welfarebiosafetydual-useexport-controlpermitCITESCBDNagoya-protocolaccess-and-benefit-sharingtraditional-knowledgeintellectual-propertypatentcommercializationbenefit-sharingsustainable-development-goalsSDGOne-Healthplanetary-healthecosystem-healthtree-healthplant-healthOne-Forestglobal-forest-governanceforest-law-enforcementgovernance-and-tradeFLEGTillegal-loggingdeforestation-freesupply-chaindue-diligencecorporate-responsibilitycertification-schemeforest-stewardshipPEFCFSCSFIATFSsustainable-woodgreen-buildingbiobased-economycircular-economybioeconomynature-based-solutionecosystem-based-adaptationecosystem-based-mitigationforest-landscape-restorationREDD+climate-financegreen-bondimpact-investmentpayment-for-ecosystem-servicesPESecosystem-service-valuationnatural-capitalgreen-infrastructureurban-foresturban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te-statemethodological-state-stateepistemological-state-stateontological-state-stateaxiological-state-statepraxeological-state-statelogical-state-staterational-state-statereasonable-state-statesensible-state-statepragmatic-state-statepractical-state-statetheoretical-state-stateconceptual-state-stateempirical-state-stateexperimental-state-stateobservational-state-stateexperiential-state-statephenomenological-state-statehermeneutical-state-statecritical-state-statereflexive-state-statereflective-state-staterepresentative-state-stateDendroctonus mexicanus
Mexican bark beetle
Dendroctonus mexicanus is a bark beetle native to Mexico and Central America, recognized as the most widely distributed and destructive bark beetle in Mexico. It colonizes more than 21 pine species and causes significant tree mortality in coniferous forests. The species' population dynamics are strongly influenced by climate variables, particularly temperature and precipitation, with outbreak risk increasing under warmer, drier conditions. It is considered a major forest pest affecting wood supply and ecosystem services.
bark-beetleforest-pestpineMexicoclimate-changeDendroctonusScolytinaeconiferphloem-feederoutbreakbiotic-regulatorMaxEnt-modelinghost-specificityTrans-Mexican-Volcanic-BeltSierra-Madre-del-SurCentral-Americaentomologyforest-healthintegrated-pest-managementsemiochemicalstree-mortalityecological-niche-modelingsuitable-habitatprecipitationtemperatureelevation-gradientPinusmonterey-pineoocarpa-pinemaximinoi-pinechiapas-pineinfestation-riskfuture-scenariosforest-managementconservationecosystem-serviceswood-supplysouthern-pine-beetlecoexistenceGran-Desierto-de-SonoraMichoacánendemiceruptive-herbivorephloemgallerypitch-tubesresindefensemutualismcompetitionniche-overlapbioclimatic-variablesMaxEntkuenmR-packagemodeling-algorithmquadratic-responseBio-1annual-mean-temperaturesuitabilityexpansionnorthward-shiftupward-elevation-shifthabitat-losshost-availabilitypopulation-dynamicsfiretree-densitytopographydroughtwarmingmultiple-generationssister-broodsoverwinteringdiapauseflight-musclesreproductionmass-attackaggregation-pheromonesfrontalinexo-brevicominolfactory-signalingelectroantennographic-detectiongas-chromatographyantennahost-locationhost-selectionpioneer-beetlestree-killingblue-staining-fungusOphiostomaCeratocystisvectordisease-agentforest-pathologysilviculturecut-and-leavecut-and-removesuppressionmanagementmonitoringpheromone-baited-trapfunnel-trapaerial-surveytree-mortality-detectionBohart-MuseumUC-DavisUSDA-Forest-ServiceSteve-Seyboldinvasive-specieswalnut-twig-beetlegoldspotted-oak-borerpolyphagous-shot-hole-borerfirewoodTrojan-horsecamperstree-transportspreaddetectionpreventionquarantineregulatorypolicystakeholderlandownerpublic-landprivate-landpermitcontractbidcrewdelaytreatmentflexibilitytweakoptimizationproductivityresearchgrower-educationextensionoutreacheducationmuseumcollectionspecimenscanning-electron-microscopemagnificationwood-sculptureartcraftchildrenactivityornamentwhite-firwalking-stickMadagascar-hissing-cockroachpraying-mantistarantulagift-shopopen-housefamily-friendlyfreeadmissiondorm-move-inclasscareerfuncabbage-white-butterflyeducatorvolunteerassociatesenior-museum-scientisteducation-and-outreach-coordinatordirectorprofessorgraduate-studentundergraduate-studentjunior-specialistlectureraffiliateresearch-entomologistforest-health-protectionforest-health-officerforest-health-specialistassistant-professorClemson-UniversityUniversity-of-MinnesotaUniversity-of-CaliforniaColorado-State-UniversityKansas-State-UniversityUniversity-of-GeorgiaUniversity-of-MichiganUniversity-of-NebraskaBrigham-Young-UniversityMontana-State-UniversityNorth-Dakota-State-UniversitySouth-Dakota-State-UniversityNew-Mexico-State-UniversityArizona-State-UniversityUniversity-of-OklahomaUniversity-of-TexasUniversity-of-FloridaUniversity-of-WashingtonOregon-State-UniversityUniversity-of-IdahoUniversity-of-WyomingUniversity-of-AlbertaUniversity-of-SaskatchewanUniversity-of-ManitobaUniversity-of-British-ColumbiaMcGill-UniversityUniversity-of-TorontoUniversity-of-GuelphUniversity-of-WaterlooUniversity-of-OttawaUniversity-of-CalgaryUniversity-of-LethbridgeUniversity-of-ReginaUniversity-of-WinnipegBrandon-UniversityTrent-UniversityYork-UniversityRyerson-UniversityConcordia-UniversityUniversité-de-MontréalUniversité-LavalUniversité-du-QuébecUniversité-de-SherbrookeUniversité-de-MonctonDalhousie-UniversityAcadia-UniversitySt.-Francis-Xavier-UniversityMount-Allison-UniversityUniversity-of-Prince-Edward-IslandMemorial-University-of-NewfoundlandUniversity-of-New-BrunswickSt.-Thomas-UniversityBishop's-UniversityChamplain-CollegeDawson-CollegeVanier-CollegeJohn-Abbott-CollegeMarianopolis-CollegeCollège-de-MaisonneuveCégep-du-Vieux-MontréalCégep-de-Saint-LaurentCégep-de-RosemontCégep-André-LaurendeauCégep-de-Bois-de-BoulogneCégep-Gérald-GodinCégep-de-LimoilouCégep-de-Sainte-FoyCégep-de-Lévis-LauzonCégep-de-ThetfordCégep-de-VictoriavilleCégep-de-DrummondvilleCégep-de-Saint-HyacintheCégep-de-Sorel-TracyCégep-de-Trois-RivièresCégep-de-ShawiniganCégep-de-La-PocatièreCégep-de-RimouskiCégep-de-MataneCégep-de-Sept-ÎlesCégep-de-Baie-ComeauCégep-de-JonquièreCégep-de-ChicoutimiCégep-de-AlmaCégep-de-Saint-FélicienCégep-de-RobervalCégep-de-La-TuqueCégep-de-Dolbeau-MistassiniCégep-de-Saint-JérômeCégep-de-MontmorencyCégep-de-l'OutaouaisCégep-de-HeritageCégep-de-Saint-Jean-sur-RichelieuCégep-de-ValleyfieldCégep-de-GranbyHarvard-UniversityYale-UniversityPrinceton-UniversityColumbia-UniversityCornell-UniversityDartmouth-CollegeBrown-UniversityUniversity-of-PennsylvaniaMassachusetts-Institute-of-TechnologyStanford-UniversityCalifornia-Institute-of-TechnologyUniversity-of-ChicagoNorthwestern-UniversityDuke-UniversityJohns-Hopkins-UniversityGeorgetown-UniversityVanderbilt-UniversityRice-UniversityUniversity-of-Notre-DameEmory-UniversityWashington-University-in-St.-LouisCarnegie-Mellon-UniversityUniversity-of-Southern-CaliforniaUniversity-of-VirginiaWake-Forest-UniversityTufts-UniversityBoston-CollegeBrandeis-UniversityNew-York-UniversityUniversity-of-North-Carolina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