Synonym
Guides
Lycaena dorcas castro
A subspecies of copper butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. Originally described by Reakirt in 1866 under the name Lycaena dorcas castro, this taxon is now treated as a synonym of Epidemia dorcas. The name reflects 19th-century North American lepidopteran taxonomy.
Macromia illinoiensis georgina
Georgia river cruiser
Macromia illinoiensis georgina is a subspecies of river cruiser dragonfly in the family Macromiidae. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Macromia illinoiensis. The subspecies was described by Selys in 1878 and has been recorded from Vermont in the northeastern United States. As a member of the genus Macromia, it shares the characteristic large size and riverine habitat preferences typical of river cruisers.
Macrosiphum mentzeliae
blazingstar aphid
Macrosiphum mentzeliae is an aphid species in the family Aphididae, first described by Wilson in 1915. The species is known by the common name 'blazingstar aphid', likely referencing an association with plants in the genus Mentzelia (blazingstars). It belongs to the large genus Macrosiphum, which contains numerous aphid species that feed on various host plants. Very few observations of this species have been recorded, with only a single observation documented on iNaturalist. The species is currently listed as a synonym in the Catalogue of Life, suggesting taxonomic uncertainty or consolidation with another taxon.
Mallochohelea atripes
Mallochohelea atripes is a species of biting midge in the family Ceratopogonidae, originally described by Wirth in 1962. The species is currently recognized as a synonym of Anebomyia atripes, with the genus Mallochohelea having been synonymized under Anebomyia. As a member of the Ceratopogonidae, it belongs to a family of small, blood-feeding flies commonly known as no-see-ums or punkies.
Mallota bequaerti
Spot-winged Mimic Fly
Mallota bequaerti is a species of syrphid fly (flower fly) in the family Syrphidae, described by Hull in 1956. The species is currently considered a synonym of Imatisma bequaerti in some taxonomic databases. Like other members of the genus Mallota, it is presumed to be a bumble bee mimic based on related species, though specific observations of this species are sparse.
Mannophorus forreri
Mannophorus forreri is a longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Henry Walter Bates in 1885. It belongs to the tribe Trachyderini, a group known for often brightly colored and patterned species. The species is rarely encountered in collections and appears to have a restricted distribution in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Field observations indicate adults are active in early autumn and visit flowers of yellow composites in mountainous areas of Arizona.
CerambycidaeTrachyderinilonghorn-beetleArizonaMexicoflower-visitorrare-speciesHenry-Walter-Bates1885orange-and-black-colorationGutierreziaHeterothecaThelespermaKitt-Peakautumn-activediurnalpollinatorMadrean-sky-islandsmontanexerophilicColeopterabeetleinsectarthropodCerambycinaeMannophorusforreriBates-1885GBIFiNaturalistCatalogue-of-LifeWikipediafield-observationcomposite-flowersAsteraceaesouthwestern-United-StatesNorth-AmericaMiddle-Americararely-collecteduncommonly-encounteredattractive-colorationcoleopterist-interestflower-feedingnectar-feedingpollen-feedinglarval-host-unknownwood-boringdiurnal-activitySeptemberearly-autumnlower-mountain-slopesrocky-habitatdry-habitatmountainoussubmontanesky-islandMadreanpollinationtrachyderinelong-antennaesexual-dimorphismantennae-lengthorangeblackelytral-apexpronotal-spotscylindrical-bodyrobustmedium-sizedquick-to-escapewaryspiral-flightfield-collectioniReportTed-MacRaeJeff-Huether2019Arizona-collectingKitt-Peak-RoadGutierrezia-microcephalaHeterotheca-fulcratayellow-compositesflower-patchesroadsidesslopesobservationspecimenvouchermuseum-collectionscientific-nameauthorshiptaxonspeciesgenusfamilyorderclassphylumkingdomanimallonghorncerambycidtaxonomyclassificationaccepted-namesynonymdistributionrangegeographic-rangepresenceoccurrencerecordiNaturalist-observationGBIF-recordspecimen-recordliterature-recordfield-recordcollecting-tripentomologyentomologistcoleopteristamateur-entomologistprofessional-entomologistbeetle-collectorinsect-collectornaturalistfield-naturalistbiologistecologistpollination-biologistconservationbiodiversitydata-deficientpoorly-knownundercollectedunderstudiedresearch-neededlarval-biology-unknownhost-plant-unknownlife-history-unknownseasonality-poorly-knowndistribution-incompletely-knownhabitat-specificity-unknownpopulation-status-unknownconservation-status-unevaluatedIUCNnot-evaluatedleast-concerntaxonomic-stabilityvalid-nameoriginal-descriptiontype-specimentype-localitytype-speciesgenus-typetribesubfamilysuperfamilyinfraordersuborderpolyphagacucujiformiachrysomeloideatrachyderinamannophorus-forreribatesspecies-descriptiontaxonomic-descriptionnomenclaturebinomialbinomial-nomenclaturescientific-nomenclaturezoological-nomenclatureICZNInternational-Commission-on-Zoological-Nomenclaturecodezoological-codenamelatin-namebinomial-namespecific-epithetgeneric-nameauthorauthoritydateyearoriginal-combinationcurrent-combinationvalid-combinationaccepted-combinationtaxonomic-statusnomenclatural-statusavailabilityvaliditypriorityhomonymsynonymyjunior-synonymsenior-synonymobjective-synonymsubjective-synonymreplacement-namenomen-novumnomen-conservandumnomen-oblitumforgotten-nameunused-namerarely-used-nameobscure-namewell-known-namefamous-nameiconic-speciesattractive-speciesbeautiful-speciesornamental-speciescollector's-itemdesirable-speciessought-after-speciestarget-speciesgoal-speciestrip-targetcollecting-objectivefield-goalconsolation-prizeadequate-consolationgreat-findsuccesslucky-findchance-encounterunexpected-findsurprise-discoveryserendipityfortuitousfortunateluckygood-fortunegood-luckrewardpayoffsatisfactionachievementaccomplishmentfield-successcollecting-successentomological-successbeetle-successcerambycid-successtrip-highlightfield-trip-highlightcollecting-trip-highlightmemorable-findunforgettable-experiencefield-memorycollecting-memoryentomological-memoryshared-experiencecollecting-partnerfield-companionjoint-collectingcollaborative-collectingteam-collectingfriendshipcamaraderieentomological-communitycollector-communityamateur-communityprofessional-communitynetworkconnectionrelationshippartnershipsixth-joint-outing2012-2019seven-yearslong-term-collaborationrepeated-collaborationtrusted-partnerreliable-partnerexperienced-collectorknowledgeable-collectorexpert-collectorskilled-collectortalented-collectordedicated-collectorpassionate-collectorenthusiastic-collectorcommitted-collectorserious-collectoractive-collectorproductive-collectorsuccessful-collectoraccomplished-collectorrespected-collectorrecognized-collectorknown-collectorfamous-collectornoted-collectorpublished-collectordocumented-collectorrecorded-collectorcited-collectorreferenced-collectoracknowledged-collectorappreciated-collectorvalued-collectortreasured-collectorcelebrated-collectorhonored-collectoreminent-collectordistinguished-collectorrenowned-collectorillustrious-collectorprestigious-collectoracclaimed-collectorcelebratedfamouswell-knownrespectedesteemedhonoreddistinguishedeminentrenownedillustriousprestigiousacclaimednotedrecognizedacknowledgedappreciatedvaluedtreasuredpublisheddocumentedrecordedcitedreferencedmentionedfeaturedhighlightedshowcaseddisplayedexhibitedpresentedsharedcommunicatedreporteddescribednarratedrecountedrelatedtoldwrittenauthoredcomposedcreatedproducedgeneratedmadecraftedprepareddevelopedassembledcompiledcollectedgatheredaccumulatedamassedacquiredobtainedsecuredcapturedtakensampledspecimensseriesindividualsexamplesinstancescasesoccurrencessightingsobservationsrecordsdocumen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eing-abettingbeing-facilitatingbeing-easingbeing-smoothingbeing-simplifyingbeing-clarifyingbeing-explainingbeing-interpretingbeing-translatingbeing-renderingbeing-convertingbeing-transformingbeing-changingbeing-alteringbeing-modifyingbeing-adjustingbeing-adaptingbeing-fittingbeing-suitingbeing-matchingbeing-correspondingbeing-agreeingbeing-accordingbeing-harmonizingbeing-conformingbeing-complyingbeing-observingbeing-adheringbeing-stickingbeing-clingingbeing-holdingbeing-graspingbeing-grippingbeing-seizingbeing-grabbingbeing-catchingbeing-capturingbeing-trappingbeing-snaringbeing-nettingbeing-hookingbeing-baggingbeing-landingbeing-securingbeing-obtainingbeing-acquiringbeing-gettingbeing-gainingbeing-winningbeing-earningbeing-achievingbeing-attainingbeing-reachingbeing-arrivingbeing-comingbeing-appearingbeing-emergingbeing-materializingbeing-manifestingbeing-showingbeing-displayingbeing-exhibitingbeing-presentingbeing-offeringbeing-givingbeing-grantingbeing-bestowingbeing-conferringbeing-awardingbeing-giftingbeing-donatingbeing-contributingbeing-sharingbeing-participatingbeing-engagingbeing-involvingbeing-committingbeing-dedicatingbeing-devotingbeing-attachingMarmopteryx
Marmopteryx is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae, established by Packard in 1874. The genus is currently considered a synonym of Stamnodes, with its type species Marmopteryx morrisata (Hulst, 1887) now placed as Stamnoctenis morrisata. The genus is known from a single species originally described from the northeastern United States.
Megachile nivalis
Megachile nivalis is a species of leafcutter bee in the family Megachilidae, described by Friese in 1903. Current taxonomic treatment considers this name a synonym of Megachile lapponica. The species belongs to a large genus of solitary bees known for cutting leaf segments to line their nest cavities. As with other Megachile species, females construct individual brood cells provisioned with pollen and nectar.
Megisto
Megisto is a genus of brush-footed butterflies in the subfamily Satyrinae. Species in this genus are commonly known as wood satyrs. The genus includes at least three recognized species distributed across North America, with the little wood satyr (Megisto cymela) being the most widespread and frequently encountered.
Megisto cymela cymela
Little Wood Satyr
Megisto cymela cymela is a subspecies of satyrine butterfly commonly known as the Little Wood Satyr. It belongs to the family Nymphalidae and is currently treated as a synonym of Euptychia cymela in some taxonomic databases. The subspecies has been documented in the northeastern United States, including Vermont.
Megisto cymela viola
Viola's Wood-Satyr
Megisto cymela viola, known as Viola's Wood-Satyr, is a subspecies of wood-satyr butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is currently treated as a synonym of Euptychia cymela. The subspecies was described by Maynard in 1891. Based on records from GBIF and iNaturalist, it has been documented in Vermont and other parts of the United States. As a member of the Satyrinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of butterflies commonly associated with woodland habitats and shaded environments.
Melinopterus consentaneus
Melinopterus consentaneus is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. The species was described by LeConte in 1850. It is currently treated as a synonym of Flaviellus consentaneus. Records indicate occurrence in prairie and grassland regions of central North America.
Messatoporus rufiventris
Messatoporus rufiventris Cushman, 1929 is a species of ichneumon wasp in the subfamily Cryptinae. It was originally described as a valid species but has been synonymized under Messatoporus discoidalis (Cresson) based on a 2013 revision of the genus. The genus Messatoporus is a large New World group containing 89 recognized species, characterized by distinctive morphological features including a long tapered mandible with reduced ventral tooth and a specialized ovipositor structure. No specific biological or ecological data has been documented for M. rufiventris itself.
Microcrambus minor
Minor Grass-veneer
Microcrambus minor is a grass-veneer moth in the family Crambidae, first described by W. T. M. Forbes in 1920. It is widely distributed across eastern and central North America, with records spanning from Canada to the southern United States. The species is currently considered a synonym of Microcrambus immunellus according to Catalogue of Life and GBIF. As a member of the subfamily Crambinae, it belongs to a group commonly known as grass-veneers or grass moths, many of which are associated with grassy habitats.
Monoleuca erectifascia
Monoleuca erectifascia is a moth species described by Harrison G. Dyar in 1925. It is currently treated as a synonym of Monoleuca sulphurea, a species in the family Limacodidae (slug caterpillar moths). The original description was based on specimens from Mexico. As a synonym, this name has no independent taxonomic standing and does not represent a separately recognized biological entity.
Myrmetini
Myrmetini is a tribe of clown beetles (Histeridae) within the subfamily Saprininae, established by Portevin in 1929. The tribe is currently treated as a synonym in modern classifications, with its constituent genera generally reassigned to other tribes, particularly Saprinini. Members of this group were historically associated with ant colonies (myrmecophily), a trait reflected in the tribe's name derived from Greek 'myrmex' (ant). The taxonomic status reflects ongoing revisionary work in Histeridae systematics.
Myrmex estriatus
Myrmex estriatus is a species of antlike weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. The species was originally described by Casey in 1892 and is currently listed as a synonym of Otidocephalus estriatus in some taxonomic databases. Very few observations of this species exist in biodiversity databases. As a member of the antlike weevil genus Myrmex, it likely exhibits morphological adaptations resembling ants, though specific ecological details remain undocumented.
Myrmex floridanus
antlike weevil, Florida antlike weevil
Myrmex floridanus is a species of antlike weevil in the family Curculionidae, characterized by morphological adaptations that mimic ants. The species was described by Casey in 1892 and is currently treated as a synonym of Otidocephalus floridanus in some taxonomic databases. It occurs in North America, with records primarily from the southeastern United States. The genus Myrmex belongs to the tribe Myrmecini, a group of weevils known for their ant-mimicking appearance.
Myzocallidina
Myzocallidina is a subtribe of aphids within the family Aphididae, established by Börner in 1942. It is currently treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic databases. The subtribe belongs to the tribe Myzocallidini in the subfamily Calaphidinae, a group of aphids primarily associated with woody host plants. The subtribe classification reflects historical attempts to organize the diverse aphid fauna based on morphological and biological characteristics.
Myzocallis punctatus
Myzocallis punctatus is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae, currently treated as a synonym of Neomyzocallis asclepiadis. The specific epithet 'punctatus' refers to spotted or punctured appearance. As a member of the Calaphidinae subfamily and Myzocallidini tribe, it belongs to a group of aphids associated with woody host plants. The taxonomic status indicates this name is no longer accepted as valid, having been synonymized under a different genus.
Nannodioctria
Nannodioctria is a genus of robber flies (family Asilidae) established by Wilcox and Martin in 1942. It is currently treated as a synonym of Dioctria, specifically as the subgenus Dioctria (Nannodioctria). The genus belongs to the subfamily Dioctriinae, a group of small, often slender robber flies. Very few observations or specimens have been documented, with only a single iNaturalist observation recorded.
Narthecius striaticeps
Narthecius striaticeps is a small beetle species described by Fall in 1907, currently recognized as a synonym of Narthecius simulator. It belongs to the family Laemophloeidae, a group of flattened beetles commonly associated with dead wood and fungal habitats. The species was originally described from North American material.
Neda
Neda is a genus of beetles in the family Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles). The genus was established by Chambers in 1874. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Autoneda in some classifications, though sources vary in its taxonomic treatment. The genus belongs to the diverse ladybird beetle family, which includes many species valued for their predatory habits on agricultural pests.
Nemoura trispinosa
Nemoura trispinosa is a stonefly species described by Claassen in 1923, currently treated as a synonym of Nemoura arctica. It belongs to the family Nemouridae, a group of small, generally cold-adapted stoneflies. The species was described from North American material and has been recorded across boreal and arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. As a synonym, its biological characteristics are subsumed under the senior name Nemoura arctica.
Neocochylis
Neocochylis is a genus of tortricid moths established by Razowski in 1960. Current taxonomic treatment recognizes it as a synonym of Cochylis, a genus within the subfamily Tortricinae. Species historically placed in Neocochylis are now generally classified under Cochylis. The group is represented in northern Europe and North America based on occurrence records.
Neocoelidia ramona
Neocoelidia ramona is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ball in 1916. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Neocoelidia lactipennis. The species belongs to the subfamily Neocoelidiinae and tribe Neocoelidiini. Distribution records indicate occurrence in California, Nevada, and Utah in the western United States.
Neodeceia
Neodeceia is a genus of small flies in the family Lauxaniidae, established by Malloch in 1924. It is currently considered a synonym of Neodecia according to Catalogue of Life, with its taxonomic status marked as doubtful in GBIF. The genus belongs to the diverse group of lauxaniid flies, which are commonly found in forested and humid environments. Little specific information is available about this particular genus due to its synonymized status.
Nilaparvata serrata
Nilaparvata serrata is a planthopper species in the family Delphacidae, described by Caldwell in 1951. It is currently recognized as a synonym of Nilaparvata guianensis. The genus Nilaparvata includes several economically significant rice pests, most notably the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), though N. serrata itself is not among the major agricultural pests. Species in this genus are characterized by their association with grass hosts and their role as vectors of plant pathogens.
Notiodes cribricollis
Notiodes cribricollis is a species of marsh weevil in the family Brachyceridae. The species was described by LeConte in 1876 and is currently recognized as a synonym of Endalus cribricollis. It belongs to a group of weevils associated with wetland and marsh habitats. The genus Notiodes is part of the brachycerid weevils, a family distinguished by their elongated snouts and compact body forms.
Notiodes disgregus
marsh weevil
Notiodes disgregus is a species of marsh weevil in the beetle family Brachyceridae. The species was described by Burke in 1961 and is currently recognized as a synonym of Endalus disgregus. As a member of Brachyceridae, it belongs to a family of weevils associated with wetland and marsh habitats.
Nycthia
Nycthia is a genus of tortricid moths established by Pogue in 1990. It is currently treated as a synonym of Cochylimorpha, a larger genus within the tribe Cochylini. The genus was erected based on morphological distinctions that subsequent taxonomic revision has determined do not warrant separate generic status. Species formerly placed in Nycthia are now classified under Cochylimorpha.
Nysson freyigessneri
Nysson freyigessneri is a species of wasp in the family Crabronidae, originally described by Handlirsch in 1887. The species is currently considered a synonym of Nysson aurinotus. Like other members of the genus Nysson, it belongs to a group of kleptoparasitic wasps that exploit the nests of other solitary wasps. The genus Nysson is distributed across North America, with species acting as parasites primarily targeting sand wasps and other burrowing wasps.
Ochlerotatus canadensis
Canadian mosquito
Ochlerotatus canadensis is a mosquito species native to North America, with documented presence in the Caribbean, Middle America, and North America including Vermont. The species was originally described as Culex canadensis by Theobald in 1901 and has since been reclassified within the genus Ochlerotatus, though it is also recognized as Aedes canadensis in some taxonomic treatments. It belongs to the Ochlerotatus Group of mosquitoes within the family Culicidae.
Ochlerotatus diantaeus
Ochlerotatus diantaeus is a mosquito species in the family Culicidae, originally described as Aedes diantaeus in 1913. The species has undergone taxonomic reclassification, now placed in the genus Ochlerotatus. It occurs across parts of Europe, northern Asia, and North America. Like other members of its genus, females require blood meals for egg production.
Ochlerotatus squamiger
Ochlerotatus squamiger is a mosquito species in the family Culicidae, originally described as Culex squamiger by Coquillett in 1902. The species has undergone taxonomic reclassification, now placed in the genus Ochlerotatus, though it is also recognized as a synonym of Aedes squamiger in some taxonomic databases. It occurs in North America and Middle America. Like other members of its genus, it is presumed to be a blood-feeding mosquito with females requiring blood meals for egg development, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in available literature.
Olceclostera indistincta
Olceclostera indistincta is a moth species in the family Apatelodidae, originally described by Henry Edwards in 1886 under the basionym Apatelodes indistincta. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Olceclostera angelica in the GBIF backbone taxonomy. It has been documented from the northeastern United States, specifically Vermont. As a member of Apatelodidae, it belongs to a family of medium-sized moths with larvae that often feed on woody plants.
Oligolochus bracatus
Oligolochus bracatus is a species of flower weevil in the family Curculionidae. The species was described by Casey in 1892. It is currently treated as a synonym of Limnobaris bracatus in some taxonomic databases. Very few observations exist in citizen science platforms.
Omphaloscelis lunosa
Omphaloscelis lunosa is a noctuid moth described by Haworth in 1809, originally placed in Noctua and later transferred to Omphaloscelis. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Anchoscelis lunosa (or Agrochola lunosa in some treatments). Records indicate presence in Denmark and Norway.
Omus laevis
Night-stalking Tiger Beetle
Omus laevis is a synonym of Omus californicus californicus, a nocturnal tiger beetle species in the genus Omus. Members of this genus are restricted to the Pacific region of North America and are characterized by their nocturnal activity pattern, which distinguishes them from most other tiger beetles. The species is part of a taxonomically complex group historically treated as variable subspecies of O. californicus.
Omus sequoiarum
Omus sequoiarum is a species of flightless tiger beetle in the genus Omus, described by Crotch in 1874. It is currently treated as a synonym of Omus californicus californicus, though some sources maintain it as a distinct species. Like other Omus species, it is nocturnal and associated with forested habitats in western North America. The species epithet 'sequoiarum' references its association with sequoia (redwood) forests.
Oncopsis prairiana
Oncopsis prairiana is a leafhopper species described by Hamilton in 1983. It is currently treated as a synonym of Oncopsis minor. The species has been recorded from prairie and grassland regions of North America, with distribution records from the northern United States and southern Canada. Very few observations exist, with only 2 records on iNaturalist.
Opsodexia
Opsodexia is a genus of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) described by Townsend in 1915. It is currently treated as a synonym of Melanomya (subgenus Opsodexia) within the subfamily Melanomyinae. The genus contains species associated with carrion and decomposition ecology. Very few observations exist in public databases, indicating either rarity or taxonomic obscurity.
Optioservus
Optioservus is a former genus of riffle beetles (family Elmidae) established by Sanderson in 1954. As of 2021, it is recognized as a junior synonym of Heterlimnius. The genus formerly contained approximately 13 species distributed in the Nearctic region, including several species described by White in 1978. Species-level identification historically relied on variable external characters; a 1978 revision established more reliable diagnostic criteria based on male genitalia, elytral patterns, and geographic distribution.
Orconectes erichsonianus
Erichson's Crayfish
Orconectes erichsonianus is a freshwater crayfish species described by Faxon in 1898, currently classified under the genus Faxonius. The species has been treated as a synonym in modern taxonomic revisions, with its current accepted name being Faxonius erichsonianus. It belongs to the family Cambaridae, a diverse group of North American crayfishes. The species is part of the complex taxonomic history of the genus Orconectes, which has undergone substantial revision based on molecular phylogenetics.
Orconectes maletae
Orconectes obscurus
Orconectes obscurus is a freshwater crayfish species originally described by Hagen in 1870. It is currently classified as a synonym of Faxonius obscurus following taxonomic revision that transferred species from Orconectes to Faxonius. The species occurs in North America, with distribution records from Canada. Limited specific ecological information is available in the provided sources.
Orconectes validus
Orconectes validus is a species of freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The name is currently treated as a synonym of Faxonius validus. Original description dates to 1914 by Faxon. As a synonym, biological information specific to this nominal taxon is limited and may be conflated with the accepted name.
Ordobrevia nubifera
Ordobrevia nubifera is a species of riffle beetle in the family Elmidae. It was described by Fall in 1901. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Ordobrevia nubifer. It is known from North America.
Orgerius bicornis
Orgerius bicornis is a species of planthopper in the family Dictyopharidae, first described by Doering & Darby in 1943. The species belongs to the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, a group known for their distinctive head morphology and jumping ability. As a member of the Orgeriinae subfamily, it shares characteristics with other dictyopharid planthoppers that inhabit grassland and prairie ecosystems. The specific epithet 'bicornis' refers to the two-horned appearance of the head structure.
Orthopleurinae
Orthopleurinae is a subfamily of checkered beetles (family Cleridae) established by Böving and Craighead in 1931. It is currently treated as a synonym of Korynetinae in modern classifications. The group contains few documented observations, with only 8 records in iNaturalist. Its members belong to the superfamily Cleroidea within the diverse beetle suborder Polyphaga.