California
Guides
Timema poppense
Pope Valley Timema
Timema poppense is a small walkingstick insect endemic to California, originally described from a nature reserve in Pope Valley in 1999. It belongs to the family Timematidae, a basal lineage of stick insects characterized by reduced wings and nocturnal habits. The species name was corrected from the original "poppensis" to "poppense" to match the neuter gender of the genus Timema per ICZN rules.
Tinea occidentella
Western Clothes Moth
Tinea occidentella is a keratophagous moth species in the family Tineidae, native to coastal California and northern Baja California. Despite its common name "western clothes moth," it does not feed on clothing but instead consumes keratin from mammalian carnivore scat and bird of prey pellets. The species is tightly restricted to fog-influenced coastal environments where high humidity allows larvae to obtain water from atmospheric moisture absorbed by their fur and feather diet.
Tipula atrisumma
Tipula atrisumma is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Doane in 1912. It belongs to the large genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species worldwide. The species is known from California in the western United States. Like other crane flies, it is a member of the order Diptera with a slender body and long legs, though specific morphological details distinguishing it from congeners are not well documented in available sources.
Tipula chlorion
Tipula chlorion is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Alexander in 1965. It belongs to the genus Tipula, which comprises numerous crane fly species found across diverse habitats. As with other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is part of the Nearctic fauna, with records from California, USA.
Tipula grahamina
Tipula grahamina is a species of large crane fly in the family Tipulidae, described by Alexander in 1963. It belongs to the diverse genus Tipula, which contains hundreds of species worldwide. As with other crane flies, adults are characterized by their elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is known from California, USA.
Tipula inusitata
Tipula inusitata is a species of large crane fly described by Charles Paul Alexander in 1949. It belongs to the family Tipulidae, one of the most diverse families within the order Diptera. The species is known from California, USA, though specific details regarding its biology and ecology remain poorly documented in published literature.
Tipula silvestra
Tipula silvestra is a large crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, described by Doane in 1909. It is found in the western United States, particularly California. As a member of the genus Tipula, it shares the characteristic elongated body and extremely long legs typical of crane flies, though specific distinguishing features for this species are not well documented in available sources.
Tipula vestigipennis
Tipula vestigipennis is a crane fly species in the family Tipulidae, first described by Rennie Wilbur Doane in 1908. The species exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism in body size, with females substantially larger than males. It is endemic to a highly restricted range in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, where it has been documented as a pest species destructive to vegetation and crops. The species belongs to the subgenus Triplicitipula.
Tollius setosus
Tollius setosus is a species of broad-headed bug in the family Alydidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1906. It is one of the few recognized species in the genus Tollius, which belongs to the subfamily Alydinae. The species is known from western North America, with confirmed records from California. As a member of the Alydidae, it shares the family's characteristic broad, flattened head shape. Limited information is available regarding its biology and ecology.
Tortistilus albidosparsus
Tortistilus albidosparsus is a treehopper species in the family Membracidae, first described by Stål in 1859. It belongs to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae, a group known for diverse pronotal modifications. The genus Tortistilus is part of the Nearctic treehopper fauna, with records from western North America. Species in this genus are characterized by distinctive pronotal structures typical of the Ceresini.
Tortistilus collinus
Tortistilus collinus is a treehopper species described by Van Duzee in 1908, belonging to the tribe Ceresini within the subfamily Smiliinae. The genus Tortistilus is part of the diverse family Membracidae, known for their highly modified pronota that often resemble plant parts or other structures. This species is recorded from California, USA, where it occurs among other members of its genus.
Torymus koebelei
Torymus koebelei is a species of chalcid wasp in the family Torymidae. The species was described by Huber in 1927. Torymus species are generally known as parasitoids of gall-forming insects, particularly gall wasps and gall midges. T. koebelei has been documented in the western United States, including California, where it has been reared from oak apple galls.
Tragidion agave
Tragidion agave is a species of longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Swift and Ray in 2008 from California and Baja California. It is one of two species in the genus known to breed in dead flower stalks of Agave (Agavaceae), the other being T. armatum. The species exhibits bright orange and black coloration characteristic of the genus, which functions as mimicry of spider wasps (family Pompilidae).
Trichodezia californiata
California Black
Trichodezia californiata is a moth species in the family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae. It is endemic to western North America with a range spanning from Washington through Oregon to California. The common name 'California Black' refers to its dark coloration. The species was first described by Packard in 1871.
Triepeolus concavus
Concave Longhorn-Cuckoo
Triepeolus concavus is a cleptoparasitic bee in the family Apidae. Females lay eggs in the ground nests of host bees, particularly sunflower bees (Svastra obliqua expurgata). The species lacks pollen-collecting structures (scopa) and relies on stealing food stores provisioned by host bees. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
Triepeolus matildae
Matilda's Longhorn-Cuckoo
Triepeolus matildae is a cleptoparasitic bee species described by Rightmyer in 2014. As a member of the genus Triepeolus, it is commonly known as Matilda's Longhorn-Cuckoo. The species is documented from California in the United States and Baja California in Mexico. It has been recorded visiting flowers of several plant families including Asteraceae and Polygonaceae. Activity records span from mid-May through late September.
Trigonoscuta cruzi
Cruz's broad-nosed weevil
Trigonoscuta cruzi is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae. It was described by Pierce in 1975. The species is found in North America, with distribution records from California. Six subspecies are recognized, including the nominate subspecies and five others described by Pierce in 1975.
Trigonoscuta miguelensis
broad-nosed weevil
Trigonoscuta miguelensis is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae, first described by Pierce in 1975. It belongs to the subfamily Entiminae, a group characterized by their broad, short rostrums. The species is known from California and is part of the North American weevil fauna. Like other members of its genus, it likely inhabits coastal or near-coastal environments given the specific epithet referencing San Miguel Island or the broader Channel Islands region of California.
Trigonoscuta stantoni
Santa Cruz Island weevil, Stanton's trigonoscuta weevil, Santa Cruz island shore weevil
Trigonoscuta stantoni is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the family Curculionidae. The species is endemic to the Channel Islands of California, specifically documented from Santa Cruz Island. It is a member of a genus containing several insular species with restricted distributions.
Trimerotropis bernardi
San Bernardino grasshopper, forest falls grasshopper, San Bernardino Mountain grasshopper
Trimerotropis bernardi is a band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Rentz & Weissman in 1984. The species is endemic to the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California, with records indicating presence in forested montane habitats. It belongs to a genus of grasshoppers typically associated with open, often sandy or rocky terrain, though this species appears restricted to higher elevation coniferous forest environments. Available observational data remains limited, with few documented occurrences.
Trimerotropis infantilis
Zayante Band-winged Grasshopper
Trimerotropis infantilis is a rare, narrowly endemic grasshopper restricted to a small portion of the Santa Cruz Mountains in California. It was described by Rentz and Weissman in 1984. The species occupies specialized sandy habitats and is of conservation concern due to its extremely limited geographic range.
Trimerotropis inyo
Inyo Grasshopper
Trimerotropis inyo is a band-winged grasshopper species in the family Acrididae, described by Rentz & Weissman in 1984. It is endemic to California and belongs to a genus characterized by banded or colored hind wings. The species is poorly documented in scientific literature, with minimal published biological information beyond its original description and taxonomic placement.
Trimerotropis occidentalis
Occidental Grasshopper
Trimerotropis occidentalis, commonly known as the occidental grasshopper, is a band-winged grasshopper species in the family Acrididae. It is native to western North America, with documented occurrence in California. As a member of the subfamily Oedipodinae, it possesses the enlarged hind wings characteristic of band-winged grasshoppers. The species was described by Bruner in 1889.
Trimerotropis occulens
Lompoc Grasshopper
Trimerotropis occulens, commonly known as the Lompoc Grasshopper, is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It was described by Otte in 1984 and is endemic to the United States. The species belongs to the subfamily Oedipodinae, which includes many grasshoppers with distinctive wing patterns and stridulatory capabilities.
Trimerotropis santabarbara
Trimerotropis santabarbara is a band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described by Rentz and Weissman in 1981. The species is endemic to California and represents one of approximately 30 species in the genus Trimerotropis, a group characterized by banded hind wings and often cryptic coloration.
Trimerotropis thalassica
thalassica grasshopper, greenish-winged grasshopper
Trimerotropis thalassica is a band-winged grasshopper in the subfamily Oedipodinae, described by Bruner in 1889. The species is found in North America, with confirmed records from California. It belongs to a genus characterized by banded wings and associated with open, often sandy or gravelly habitats.
Trimerotropis titusi
Titus' grasshopper
Trimerotropis titusi is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It was described by Caudell in 1905. The species is found in North America, with confirmed records from California. As a member of the genus Trimerotropis, it belongs to the Oedipodinae subfamily, which is characterized by banded wings and associated with open, often arid habitats.
Trimerotropis topanga
Topanga Grasshopper
Trimerotropis topanga is a band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae, described in 1981 from California. It belongs to the genus Trimerotropis, a group characterized by banded wings and association with open, often sandy or gravelly habitats. The species is known from limited records in southern California and has been documented in citizen science platforms.
Trioza brevigenae
Ficus leaf-rolling psyllid
Trioza brevigenae, known as the ficus leaf-rolling psyllid, is an invasive pest of Ficus microcarpa (Chinese banyan or Indian laurel fig) native to India. It was first detected in California in 2016, representing the first known occurrence outside its native range. The species causes characteristic leaf-roll galls on host foliage, with nymphs developing inside these protected structures. Its invasion pathway and full geographic distribution remain under investigation.
Trupanea bisetosa
fruit fly
Trupanea bisetosa is a tephritid fruit fly whose larvae develop within sunflower heads. The species was originally described as Urellia bisetosa by Coquillett in 1899. It has been documented in southern California and Mexico, with confirmed host associations to wild sunflower (Helianthus spp.).
Tularina
Tularina is a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores) in the family Phalangodidae, described by Ubick & Briggs in 2008. As a member of the infraorder Grassatores, it belongs to a diverse group of long-legged arachnids commonly known as daddy longlegs. The genus was established based on morphological characteristics distinguishing it from related phalangodid genera. Information regarding species diversity, distribution, and biology remains limited in published literature.
Tuxedo drakei
Tuxedo drakei is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, described by Schuh in 2004. The genus Tuxedo was revised by Schuh in 2004, with T. drakei being one of the species included in that revision. It belongs to the subfamily Phylinae, a group of mirid bugs commonly associated with coniferous and other woody plants. Species in this genus are native to western North America.
Tylos punctatus
Spotted Calloused Beach Pillbug
Tylos punctatus is a large, strictly nocturnal sand-beach isopod inhabiting sheltered intertidal zones from southern California to Baja California. It exhibits remarkable behavioral adaptations to this harsh environment, including precise burrowing cycles synchronized with tidal patterns and seasonal dormancy. The species has an exceptionally slow life history for an isopod, with females breeding only once annually after reaching maturity at approximately three years of age.
Tynomma
Tynomma is a genus of millipedes in the order Callipodida, family Tynommatidae. The genus was established by Loomis in 1937. Members of this genus are characterized by features typical of the Tynommatidae, including distinctive body segmentation and gonopod morphology. The genus occurs in western North America, with species documented from California and surrounding regions.
Typhlobius kebus
Typhlobius kebus is a lithobiomorph centipede described by Chamberlin in 1922. It belongs to the genus Typhlobius, a group of lithobiid centipedes. The species has been documented from California, USA. Very little is known about its biology or ecology.
Tytthotyle maculata
Furnace Heat Lubber
Tytthotyle maculata is a species of lubber grasshopper in the family Romaleidae, commonly known as the Furnace Heat Lubber. It is native to arid regions of western North America, particularly California and surrounding areas. As a member of the Romaleidae, it belongs to a family known for large, flightless or poorly flying grasshoppers with aposematic coloration. The specific epithet 'maculata' refers to spotted or mottled patterning.
Udea octosignalis
Udea octosignalis is a small moth in the family Crambidae, described by George Duryea Hulst in 1886. It is known from limited records in California and Texas. The species has a wingspan of approximately 20 mm and exhibits distinctive light ocherous forewings with buff markings.
Uroctonites
Uroctonites is a genus of scorpions in the family Vaejovidae, established by Williams and Savary in 1991. Species within this genus are found in western North America, particularly in California and surrounding regions. The genus was separated from related taxa based on morphological characteristics of the pedipalps and metasoma. Members are generally small to medium-sized scorpions adapted to arid and semi-arid environments.
Usingerella simplex
Velvet-striped grasshopper
Usingerella simplex is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae, first described by Reuter in 1909 under the basionym Cyrtopeltis simplex. It is one of very few species in the genus Usingerella, a small and poorly documented mirid genus. The species is known from limited records in the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona and California. Available information on its biology and ecology is minimal.
Valentibulla californica
Elliptical Stem Gall Fly
Valentibulla californica is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae, commonly known as the Elliptical Stem Gall Fly. The species was described by Coquillett in 1894. Like other members of the genus Valentibulla, it is associated with gall formation on plant stems. The species is found in the United States, particularly in California as suggested by its specific epithet.
Venezillo microphthalmus
Small-eyed Venezillo Pill Woodlouse
Venezillo microphthalmus is a small terrestrial isopod in the family Armadillidae, endemic to California. The species exhibits the characteristic conglobation (pill-forming) behavior typical of its family, rolling into a defensive ball when disturbed. It is considered rare on the mainland and has documented populations on the Channel Islands. The species is believed to be declining in the San Francisco Bay Area due to competition from introduced woodlouse species.
Vespula infernalis
cuckoo yellowjacket, American cuckoo yellowjacket
Vespula infernalis is an obligate social parasite (inquiline) that invades and usurps colonies of other yellowjacket species, primarily Vespula acadica in North America. Unlike most parasitic wasps, it exhibits intensely aggressive behavior during colony takeover, using specialized morphological adaptations including a large, heavily curved stinger to subdue host workers. The species lacks a worker caste and cannot build nests or rear its own young, instead forcing host workers to feed and care for its brood through dominance behaviors including mauling and forced trophallaxis.
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delila
Xenox delila is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, found in California and Baja California Norte. As with other bee flies, adults are likely pollinators that visit flowers for nectar. The genus Xenox includes parasitic species whose larvae develop in the nests of other insects.
Xeranoplium
Xeranoplium is a genus of longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) established by Linsley in 1957. The genus comprises eight described species distributed in western North America, particularly California and the Baja California peninsula. Species were described primarily by Chemsak and Linsley between 1932 and 1986. The genus belongs to the tribe Hesperophanini within the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Xerasia
fruitworm beetles
Xerasia is a genus of fruitworm beetles in the family Byturidae, established by Lewis in 1895. The genus comprises four described species, all endemic to California. Members occur in diverse environments including both wet and dry habitats.
Xylocopa appendiculata
Appendiculate Carpenter Bee, Asian Carpenter Bee
Xylocopa appendiculata is a large carpenter bee native to eastern Asia, first reported in the United States in 2013 with established populations in northern California. It belongs to the subgenus Alloxylocopa. The species has been studied using distribution modeling to predict its potential spread across North America. Like other carpenter bees, it nests in wood and serves as a pollinator, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited.
Xystocheir brachymacris
Xystocheir brachymacris is a species of flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, native to North America. Like other members of its family, it possesses chemical defense glands capable of producing hydrogen cyanide gas when disturbed. The species was described by Shelley in 1996.
Ypsolopha frustella
Ypsolopha frustella is a species of moth in the family Ypsolophidae. The species is known from the United States, specifically California. Like other ypsolophid moths, adults are characterized by a distinctive resting posture with the body inverted and antennae extended forward. Larvae construct silken webs on plant foliage for feeding and shelter.
Ypsolopha schwarziella
Ypsolopha schwarziella is a small moth in the family Ypsolophidae. It is known from the southwestern United States, specifically Arizona, Utah, and California. The species has a wingspan of approximately 23 mm. Detailed morphological descriptions exist for this species, including distinctive coloration of the antennae, labial palpi, and wings.
Zelotes gabriel
Zelotes gabriel is a ground spider species in the family Gnaphosidae, described by Platnick and Shadab in 1983. It is native to the United States, specifically recorded from southern California and Baja California. Like other members of the genus Zelotes, it is a nocturnal hunting spider that does not build webs to capture prey. The species name honors Gabriel, the son of entomologist Walter Leal, who attended the ceremony where his father received the National Academy of Inventors Fellowship.