Mason-wasp
Guides
Parancistrocerus declivatus
potter wasp
Parancistrocerus declivatus is a potter wasp in the family Vespidae, native to the southern coastal regions of California and Baja California. Originally described in the genus Stenodynerus, it was later transferred to Parancistrocerus. The type locality is La Laguna in the Sierra Laguna mountains of Baja California. Like other members of the subfamily Eumeninae, it is a solitary wasp that constructs nests from mud or other materials.
Parancistrocerus fulvipes
potter wasp
Parancistrocerus fulvipes is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, commonly known as the potter wasp. The species is recognized for its flexible nesting behavior, utilizing pre-existing cavities rather than constructing free-standing mud pots. It provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. Two subspecies are recognized: P. f. fulvipes and P. f. rufovestis.
Parancistrocerus fulvipes rufovestis
Parancistrocerus fulvipes rufovestis is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1948. It belongs to a genus of small solitary wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities and provision their offspring with paralyzed caterpillars. The subspecies designation indicates geographic variation within the species P. fulvipes, with rufovestis representing a distinct population.
Parancistrocerus leionotus
potter wasp, mason wasp
Parancistrocerus leionotus is a species of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Unlike most related species in its genus, it has been documented using small cavities in rocks or concrete as nest sites rather than the more typical hollow twigs or plant stems. The species was described by Viereck in 1906 and is recognized as a valid taxon in major biological databases.
Parancistrocerus pedestris
Parancistrocerus pedestris is a small solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. The species was first described by de Saussure in 1856. Like other members of its genus, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larval offspring. The species is part of a taxonomically challenging group where live specimens are often difficult to distinguish from related species without microscopic examination.
Parancistrocerus pensylvanicus
Pennsylvania mason wasp
Parancistrocerus pensylvanicus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a cavity-nesting species that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species has been documented in the northeastern United States, including Vermont. Like other members of its genus, it is difficult to distinguish from closely related species such as Stenodynerus without microscopic examination.
Parancistrocerus perennis
two-banded mason wasp, perennial mason wasp
Parancistrocerus perennis, commonly known as the two-banded mason wasp or perennial mason wasp, is a small solitary wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is native to eastern North America, ranging from southern Ontario to Florida and west to the Mississippi River. The species is a cavity-nesting predator that hunts specific caterpillar families to provision its nests. Two subspecies are recognized: P. p. perennis and P. p. anacardivora, the latter occurring in southern populations and distinguished by reddish markings.
Parancistrocerus perennis anacardivora
Parancistrocerus perennis anacardivora is a southern subspecies of the mason wasp Parancistrocerus perennis, distinguished by reddish markings along the side of the first abdominal segment. It is a small solitary wasp with a wing length of 6-8 millimeters. Females hunt caterpillars to provision nest cells in hollow twigs or pre-existing cavities, paralyzing prey with their sting. The subspecies ranges from southern Ontario to Florida and west to the Mississippi River, with anacardivora occurring in the southern portion of this range.
Parancistrocerus perennis perennis
mason wasp
Parancistrocerus perennis perennis is a small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Females hunt caterpillars of leafroller moths (Tortricidae) and casebearer moths (Coleophoridae), paralyzing them with their sting to provision nest cells in hollow twigs. The subspecies is distinguished from the southern P. p. anacardivora by lacking reddish markings on the first abdominal segment. It ranges from southern Ontario to Florida and west to the Mississippi River.
Parancistrocerus rectangulis
Parancistrocerus rectangulis is a small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Like other members of its genus, it nests in pre-existing cavities such as hollow twigs or beetle borings, provisioning cells with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species was described by Viereck in 1908. Specific natural history details for this species remain poorly documented in published literature, though genus-level traits suggest typical eumenine biology.
Parancistrocerus texensis
Parancistrocerus texensis is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is one of numerous small, cavity-nesting wasps in the genus Parancistrocerus that provision their larvae with paralyzed caterpillars. The species was described by Henri de Saussure in 1871, with the epithet suggesting a Texas origin. Like other members of its genus, it is difficult to distinguish from congeners without microscopic examination, and is frequently confused with similar genera such as Stenodynerus.
Parancistrocerus toltecus
Parancistrocerus toltecus is a small mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. As a member of this genus, it is a solitary cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species was described by de Saussure in 1857. Like other Parancistrocerus species, it likely utilizes pre-existing hollow twigs or beetle borings in dead wood for nest construction. Very little specific information has been published about the natural history of this particular species.
Parancistrocerus vagus
Parancistrocerus vagus is a small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It belongs to a genus of cavity-nesting wasps that provision their young with paralyzed caterpillars. The species was described by de Saussure in 1857. Limited specific information is available for this species, though genus-level traits suggest typical mason wasp biology including use of pre-existing cavities and caterpillar prey.
Pseudodynerus
mason wasps, potter wasps
Pseudodynerus is a small Neotropical genus of potter wasps (Eumeninae) currently containing 16 recognized species. These solitary mason wasps are characterized by their striking black and white coloration and their habit of nesting in pre-existing cavities in wood. Females provision their nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their developing larvae. The genus extends northward into the eastern United States, where at least one species, P. quadrisectus, is well-documented.
Pseudodynerus quadrisectus
Pseudodynerus quadrisectus is a solitary mason wasp native to eastern North America. First described by Thomas Say in 1837, this species is frequently mistaken for the similar Four-toothed Mason Wasp (Monobia quadridens). Females construct multi-celled nests in pre-existing wood cavities, provisioning each cell with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. The species is considered beneficial in gardens due to its pollination activity and caterpillar predation.
Pterocheilus
Pterocheilus is a genus of fossorial mason wasps in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Unlike most potter wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities or construct free-standing mud nests, species in this genus excavate burrows in soil or sand. The genus exhibits its greatest diversity in southwestern North America, with approximately 40 species recognized in the region. Females possess specialized morphological adaptations for digging, including tarsal rakes on the forelegs and a psammophore—long setae on the labial palps used to transport excavated soil away from the nest entrance.
Pterocheilus denticulatus
Pterocheilus denticulatus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, characterized by fossorial nesting behavior in sandy or soft soils. Females excavate burrows using specialized morphological adaptations including a tarsal rake on the front feet and a psammophore—a "beard" of long setae on the palps used to transport excavated soil away from the nest entrance. The species was described by de Saussure in 1855 and belongs to a genus of approximately 40 North American species, most diverse in the southwestern United States.
Pterocheilus diversicolor
Pterocheilus diversicolor is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Rohwer in 1911. Like other members of the genus Pterocheilus, females are fossorial, excavating burrows in soil or sand using specialized tarsal spines and a psammophore (beard-like setae on the mouthparts) to carry excavated material away from the nest entrance. The species belongs to a genus of approximately 40 North American species with greatest diversity in the southwestern United States. Specific biological details for P. diversicolor remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners such as P. quinquefasciatus.
Pterocheilus hirsutipennis
A solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, Pterocheilus hirsutipennis is one of approximately 40 North American species in this genus. Like other Pterocheilus, females are fossorial, excavating subterranean burrows in sandy or soft soils rather than using pre-existing cavities or building mud nests. The species was described by Bohart in 1940 and is part of a genus whose members are most diverse in the southwestern United States. Most species biology remains poorly documented.
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mirandus
Pterocheilus mirandus is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae, described by Cresson in 1897. Like other members of the genus Pterocheilus, this species is fossorial, excavating burrows in soil rather than using pre-existing cavities or constructing mud nests. The genus is most diverse in the southwestern United States, with approximately forty North American species. Most Pterocheilus species are poorly known biologically due to their secretive nesting habits and effective concealment of burrow entrances.
Pterocheilus pedicellatus
Pterocheilus pedicellatus is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1940. Like other members of the genus Pterocheilus, this species is fossorial, excavating burrows in soil rather than constructing above-ground mud nests or using pre-existing cavities. The genus is most diverse in the southwestern United States, with approximately forty North American species. Most Pterocheilus species are poorly known biologically, though related species provision their burrows with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae.
Pterocheilus pimorum
Pterocheilus pimorum is a solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Like other members of its genus, it is fossorial, excavating burrows in soil rather than using pre-existing cavities or building free-standing mud nests. The species was described by Viereck in 1908. Very little is known about its specific biology, though it likely shares the general characteristics of the genus: females dig burrows using modified forelegs with stout spines (tarsal rakes) and a psammophore (beard of setae on the mouthparts) for transporting excavated soil.
Pterocheilus quinquefasciatus
Pterocheilus quinquefasciatus is a fossorial solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Females excavate burrows in sandy or soft soil rather than using pre-existing cavities or building mud nests. The species is relatively large for the genus, with females measuring 13–16 mm in body length. It has been documented using caterpillars of Heliothis phloxiphaga (Darker Spotted Straw Moth) as prey in Badlands National Park, South Dakota, with females paralyzing victims and carrying them in flight to the burrow.
Pterocheilus sinopis
Pterocheilus sinopis is a species of solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. It is one of approximately 40 species in the genus Pterocheilus, a group characterized by fossorial (burrow-digging) nesting behavior. The species was described by Richard M. Bohart in 1999. Like other members of its genus, females are equipped with specialized anatomical adaptations for excavating soil burrows, including a psammophore (a "beard" of setae on the palps) for transporting soil away from nest sites.
Stenodynerus
Stenodynerus is a large genus of potter wasps (subfamily Eumeninae) distributed across the Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental, and Neotropical regions. Females are known to provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. The genus is morphologically close to Parancistrocerus, Hypancistrocerus, and Eustenancistrocerus, with which it shares diagnostic features including medial pits on the anterior pronotum and expanded tegulae. Most species lack a transverse carina on the first metasomal tergum.
Stenodynerus anormis
Mason wasp
Stenodynerus anormis is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species is difficult to distinguish from the related genus Parancistrocerus based on live specimens or photographs; microscopic examination of actual specimens is often required for positive identification. Females are known to provision nest cavities with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larval offspring. The species has been documented utilizing artificial nesting structures such as bee blocks.
Stenodynerus blandoides
Stenodynerus blandoides is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1943. It is a small, cavity-nesting wasp that provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species is difficult to distinguish from closely related genera such as Parancistrocerus based on live specimens alone. Like other eumenine wasps, it utilizes pre-existing tunnels in wood or hollow stems for nesting.
Stenodynerus blandus
Stenodynerus blandus is a species of mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. It is a small, solitary, cavity-nesting wasp that provisionally places paralyzed caterpillars in pre-existing cavities for its larval offspring. The species is difficult to distinguish from the closely related genus Parancistrocerus based on external morphology alone, often requiring microscopic examination for definitive identification. It has been documented utilizing artificial nesting structures such as bee blocks.
Stenodynerus blepharus
Stenodynerus blepharus is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, described by Bohart in 1953. The species is currently treated as a synonym of Rhynchalastor blepharus in some taxonomic databases, reflecting ongoing taxonomic revision in this group. As with other Stenodynerus species, it is presumed to be a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its larvae with paralyzed caterpillars. Direct observations of this specific species in the field are sparse, with only two observations recorded in iNaturalist.
Stenodynerus fundatiformis
A small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species is difficult to distinguish from related genera such as Parancistrocerus based on live specimens alone; microscopic examination is typically required for definitive identification. Females are known to provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars for their larval offspring. Males have been observed foraging on flowers, with the last antennal segment characteristically folded against the adjacent segment.
Stenodynerus fundatiformis fundatiformis
Stenodynerus fundatiformis fundatiformis is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a solitary, cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larval offspring. The subspecies is difficult to distinguish from similar genera such as Parancistrocerus based on live specimens alone, often requiring microscopic examination for definitive identification.
Stenodynerus fundatiformis gonosceles
Stenodynerus fundatiformis gonosceles is a subspecies of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The genus Stenodynerus contains solitary, cavity-nesting wasps provisioned with paralyzed caterpillars. This subspecies is poorly documented in available sources, with only one observation recorded on iNaturalist. Males of the genus have a distinctive antennal modification: the last antennal segment is folded like a finger against the adjacent segment.
Stenodynerus histrionalis
Stenodynerus histrionalis is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, native to western North America. The species is difficult to distinguish from similar genera such as Parancistrocerus based on external morphology alone, often requiring microscopic examination of specimens. Females are known to provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. Males possess a distinctive antennal modification: the last segment is folded like a finger against the adjacent segment.
Stenodynerus histrionalis paenevagus
Stenodynerus histrionalis paenevagus is a subspecies of solitary mason wasp in the family Vespidae, subfamily Eumeninae. Like other Stenodynerus species, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larval offspring. The subspecies is difficult to distinguish from related taxa based on field observations alone, and microscopic examination is typically required for definitive identification. It has been documented in Colorado and California, where it utilizes pre-existing cavities in wood or other substrates for nesting.
Stenodynerus krombeini
Stenodynerus krombeini is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a small, cavity-nesting species that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species is difficult to distinguish from the closely related genus Parancistrocerus based on images of live specimens; microscopic examination is typically required for definitive identification. Males have a distinctive antennal structure with the last segment folded against the adjacent segment.
Stenodynerus lineatifrons
Stenodynerus lineatifrons is a species of solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars for its larval offspring. The species was described by Bohart in 1948 and is currently considered a synonym of Rhynchalastor lineatifrons in some taxonomic databases, though it remains listed under Stenodynerus in others. Like other members of its genus, it is difficult to distinguish from the related genus Parancistrocerus based on images of live specimens.
Stenodynerus lucidus
Stenodynerus lucidus is a small solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species was described by Rohwer in 1917 and is currently considered a synonym of Rhynchalastor lucidus by some taxonomic authorities, though it remains listed under Stenodynerus in other sources. Like other eumenine wasps, it nests in pre-existing cavities and provisions its cells with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae.
Stenodynerus microstictus
Stenodynerus microstictus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species is difficult to distinguish from closely related genera such as Parancistrocerus based on external appearance alone. Females are known to provision nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larvae. The species has been documented in western North America, including Colorado and California.
Stenodynerus ochrogonius
A solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, originally described by Bohart in 1944. Currently treated as a synonym of Rhynchalastor ochrogonius in some taxonomic databases, though iNaturalist and other sources maintain it under Stenodynerus. Like other eumenine wasps, females are predatory on caterpillars, which they paralyze and provision in nest cells for their larval offspring. Males have a distinctive antennal modification with the last segment folded like a finger against the adjacent segment. The species has been documented in Colorado and California.
Stenodynerus oculeus
Stenodynerus oculeus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a small, cavity-nesting species that provisions its nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The species is difficult to distinguish from closely related genera such as Parancistrocerus without microscopic examination. Males have been observed foraging on flowers, with the last antennal segment modified into a finger-like structure folded against the adjacent segment.
Stenodynerus percampanulatus
Stenodynerus percampanulatus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. The species has been synonymized under Rhynchalastor percampanulatus in some taxonomic treatments. Like other Stenodynerus species, it is a cavity-nesting wasp that provisions nests with paralyzed caterpillars as food for its larvae. The genus is morphologically similar to Parancistrocerus, and the two are often difficult to distinguish in field observations.
Stenodynerus taosoides
Stenodynerus taosoides is a species of mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae (family Vespidae). Members of the genus Stenodynerus are solitary wasps that construct nests in pre-existing cavities, provisioning them with paralyzed caterpillars as food for their larval offspring. The species name suggests a connection to the Taos region of northern New Mexico, though specific details about its distribution and biology remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Symmorphus
mason wasps, potter wasps
Symmorphus is a genus of solitary mason wasps in the subfamily Eumeninae, distributed primarily across the Holarctic region with 36 recognized species. These small wasps (6–20 mm) are cavity-nesters that utilize pre-existing holes in wood, hollow stems, or twigs, partitioning them into multiple cells with mud walls. Females are predators that mass-provision nests with paralyzed larvae of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae), weevils (Curculionidae), or leaf-mining moth caterpillars. The genus occupies a relatively isolated phylogenetic position within Eumeninae and includes two subgenera: S. (Symmorphus) and S. (Parasymmorphus).
Symmorphus albomarginatus
White-bordered Potter Wasp
A small, slender mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. Females construct multi-celled nests in pre-existing wood cavities, provisioning cells with paralyzed leaf beetle larvae (Chrysomelidae), weevil larvae (Curculionidae), or leaf-mining moth caterpillars. Two subspecies recognized: nominate S. a. albomarginatus and S. a. midas from southern Texas. The species ranges across much of North America from Alaska to California and eastward.
Symmorphus canadensis
Canadian potter wasp, Canadian mason wasp
Symmorphus canadensis is the smallest North American species in the genus Symmorphus, measuring approximately 6–10 mm. This solitary mason wasp specializes in hunting leaf beetle larvae, weevil larvae, and leaf-mining moth caterpillars to provision nests constructed in pre-existing cavities. Females partition nest tunnels into multiple cells using mud partitions, laying one egg per cell atop paralyzed prey. The species is transcontinental across North America, absent only from Florida, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.
Symmorphus cristatus
Tufted Potter Wasp
Symmorphus cristatus is a solitary mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae, widely distributed across North America. It is a specialist predator of leaf beetle larvae (Chrysomelidae), which it paralyzes and provisions in mud-partitioned nest cells. The species exhibits trap-nesting behavior, utilizing pre-existing cavities in dead wood rather than constructing free-standing nests. It serves as a significant biological control agent for several leaf beetle species and is subject to brood parasitism by cuckoo wasps.
Symmorphus projectus
Symmorphus projectus is a small, slender mason wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is strictly western in distribution, ranging from the Pacific Northwest to Montana, Wyoming, and southward. Females nest in pre-existing cavities such as beetle borings in dead wood, provisioning cells with paralyzed leaf beetle larvae, weevil larvae, or leaf-mining moth caterpillars for their offspring. The species is one of four Symmorphus species in North America and can be distinguished from eastern congeners by geographic range and subtle morphological features.