Nocturnal-pollinator
Guides
Atalantycha neglecta
Neglected Soldier Beetle
Atalantycha neglecta is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It occurs in North America, with records from the United States and southern Canada (Ontario, Quebec, Vermont). The species has been documented visiting apple flowers in pollination studies, where it was observed as a nocturnal visitor. Adults are active during spring and early summer. Like other soldier beetles, it likely has soft, flexible elytra compared to many beetles.
Deilephila elpenor
Elephant Hawk-moth, Large Elephant Hawk-moth
A medium-sized hawkmoth distinguished by olive-brown forewings with pink markings and pink hindwings with black bases. The caterpillar has a distinctive trunk-like appearance with large eyespots used for predator deterrence. Notable as the first animal documented with nocturnal colour vision, which supports its specialized hovering flight while feeding on nectar at night.
Eupithecia adequata
Eupithecia adequata is a small geometrid moth described by Pearsall in 1910. It belongs to the diverse 'pug' genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and has been documented as a nocturnal visitor to apple flowers, contributing to pollination services.
Eupithecia affinata
Pug moth
Eupithecia affinata is a small geometrid moth first described by Pearsall in 1908. The species belongs to the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as "pugs," characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. It has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services in agricultural settings. The species is distributed across eastern and southwestern North America.
Eupithecia agnesata
pug moth
Eupithecia agnesata is a small geometrid moth described by Taylor in 1908. It occurs in western North America from California through Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming to British Columbia. Adults are active from April to September and have been observed visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia albicapitata
Spruce Cone Geometer
Eupithecia albicapitata is a small geometrid moth first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1876. It occurs across northern North America from Newfoundland to Alaska and south to New York. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services. As a member of the 'pug' genus Eupithecia, it exhibits the narrow-winged morphology and distinctive resting posture characteristic of this diverse group.
Eupithecia annulata
larch pug moth
Eupithecia annulata, commonly known as the larch pug moth, is a small geometrid moth first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896. The species is notable for its broad distribution across North America, ranging from the Yukon to Newfoundland and south to California and Colorado. Adults are active in spring, with larvae feeding on a diverse array of coniferous and some deciduous host plants including larch, spruce, fir, Douglas-fir, and western red cedar.
Eupithecia appendiculata
Eupithecia appendiculata is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1945. It belongs to the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as 'pug' moths, recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented as a nocturnal visitor to apple flowers, contributing to pollination services in agricultural settings.
Eupithecia bolterii
Pug moth
Eupithecia bolterii is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1900. It is one of many 'pug' moths in the genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. The species is known from the southwestern United States, with confirmed records from Arizona and Texas. Adults are active in early spring and have been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination.
Eupithecia bowmani
Pug moth
Eupithecia bowmani is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Cassino & Swett in 1923. The species occurs in the Rocky Mountains region of western Canada and the north-central United States. Adults are active in spring and early summer and have been documented visiting apple flowers, where they may contribute to nocturnal pollination. Like other members of the genus Eupithecia, this species exhibits the characteristic narrow-winged resting posture of 'pug' moths.
Eupithecia carneata
Eupithecia carneata is a small geometrid moth in the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as 'pug' moths. First described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1946, this species is known from a limited geographic range in the southwestern United States. Adults are active in late summer and have been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia casloata
Eupithecia casloata is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1904. It belongs to the large genus Eupithecia, commonly known as pug moths, which are characterized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented across a broad range of North America, from western Canada through the western United States to the northeastern states. It has been observed visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination of fruit crops.
Eupithecia castellata
Eupithecia castellata is a small moth in the family Geometridae. It occurs in western North America from California and Nevada north to Washington. The species has a wingspan of approximately 21 mm. Like other members of the genus Eupithecia, it is nocturnal and has been observed visiting flowers at night.
Eupithecia cimicifugata
Eupithecia cimicifugata is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Pearsall in 1908. It is one of numerous 'pug' moths in the genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented as a nocturnal visitor to apple flowers, contributing to pollination services in agricultural settings. Larvae feed specifically on the fruit of Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh).
Eupithecia coconinoensis
Coconino Pug
Eupithecia coconinoensis is a species of inchworm moth in the family Geometridae. As a member of the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as "pugs," it exhibits the narrow wings and distinctive resting posture characteristic of this group. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services. Observations suggest it occurs in forested habitats in western North America.
Eupithecia coloradensis
Eupithecia coloradensis is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896. It belongs to the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as "pug" moths, recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services. Like other Eupithecia species, it is likely a microlepidopteran pollinator with ecological roles that extend beyond its larval stage.
Eupithecia cretaceata
Cretaceous Pug
Eupithecia cretaceata is a small geometrid moth commonly known as a 'pug' moth. It occurs across much of North America and parts of Europe. The species is notable for its specialized larval diet on Veratrum species and has been documented as a nocturnal pollinator of apple flowers. Adults fly during summer months and are attracted to light.
Eupithecia flavigutta
Eupithecia flavigutta is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896. It is restricted to montane forest habitats in the southwestern United States, specifically Colorado, eastern Arizona, and southwestern New Mexico. The species has a wingspan of 16–20 mm. Members of the genus Eupithecia, commonly called 'pug' moths, are recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture.
Eupithecia fletcherata
Fletcher's larch looper
Eupithecia fletcherata, known as Fletcher's larch looper, is a North American moth in the family Geometridae described by George Taylor in 1907. The species is named in honor of Dr. James Fletcher, a prominent Canadian entomologist. It belongs to the large genus Eupithecia, commonly called 'pugs,' which are recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia gelidata
Frosted Pug
Eupithecia gelidata is a small geometrid moth with a wingspan of 17–22 mm, distributed across northern boreal and arctic regions. Adults are active from June to mid-July, with one generation per year. Larval host plant associations vary geographically: South Bohemian populations are obligatorily associated with Ledum palustre, while subarctic and boreal populations use Salix spp. as alternative hosts. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia gilvipennata
Eupithecia gilvipennata is a small geometrid moth first described in 1922. It occurs along the North American Pacific coast from British Columbia southward through Colorado to California and Arizona. The species is notable for its very early spring flight period and larval specialization on Arctostaphylos species. Adults have been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia graefii
Graef's Pug
Eupithecia graefii, commonly known as Graef's Pug, is a small moth in the family Geometridae. It occurs in western North America from Alaska to California, inhabiting wooded areas. As a member of the diverse Eupithecia genus—known as "pugs"—it shares the characteristic narrow wings and distinctive resting posture typical of these inchworm moths. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia herefordaria
Hereford's eupithecia
Eupithecia herefordaria, known as Hereford's eupithecia, is a small moth in the family Geometridae. It is restricted to south-eastern Arizona in the United States. Adults are active in early spring and have forewings measuring 9–10.5 mm in length. Like other Eupithecia species, it has been documented visiting flowers and may contribute to nocturnal pollination.
Eupithecia huachuca
Eupithecia huachuca is a species of pug moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Grossbeck in 1908. The species is endemic to the southwestern United States, with confirmed records from Arizona and Texas. Its specific epithet references the Huachuca Mountains in southeastern Arizona, one of its documented localities. The species belongs to the large genus Eupithecia, whose members are commonly known as pugs due to their small size and distinctive resting posture with wings held flat and narrow.
Eupithecia indistincta
Pug moth
Eupithecia indistincta is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Taylor in 1910. It is found in eastern North America from Quebec through the northern Atlantic states, with disjunct records from California. Adults are active from May to August and have been observed visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination. Like other members of the genus, it is characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture.
Eupithecia interruptofasciata
Eupithecia interruptofasciata is a species of pug moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Packard in 1873. Like other members of the genus Eupithecia, it possesses narrow wings and exhibits a distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services. It occurs in North America with records from Canada and the northeastern United States.
Eupithecia jejunata
Swift Pug
Eupithecia jejunata, commonly known as the Swift Pug, is a small moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in the southeastern United States, with a range extending from eastern Texas north to Missouri and east to coastal North Carolina. Adults are active primarily from February to mid-May, with a possible partial second generation. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination of agricultural crops.
Eupithecia lariciata
Larch Pug
Eupithecia lariciata, commonly known as the larch pug, is a small moth in the family Geometridae. It is widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, occurring in Europe, Asia, and North America. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services in orchard ecosystems. Like other members of the genus Eupithecia, it exhibits the characteristic narrow-winged morphology and distinctive resting posture typical of 'pug' moths.
Eupithecia longidens kervillaria
Eupithecia longidens kervillaria is a subspecies of pug moth in the family Geometridae. The genus Eupithecia, commonly called "pugs," is characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. Members of this genus are frequently attracted to lights at night and have been documented visiting flowers, including apple blossoms, where they may contribute to nocturnal pollination. Identification to subspecies level typically requires detailed examination of morphological features.
Eupithecia macdunnoughi
Pug moth
Eupithecia macdunnoughi is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Rindge in 1952. It belongs to the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as "pug" moths due to their distinctive appearance and resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia maestosa
pug moth
Eupithecia maestosa is a small geometrid moth described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896. It belongs to the diverse 'pug' genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species occurs across western North America from Alberta to California and Texas, and has been documented visiting apple flowers as a nocturnal pollinator.
Eupithecia matheri
Eupithecia matheri is a small geometrid moth described by Frederick H. Rindge in 1985. It is one of numerous 'pug' moths in the genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. Adults are active in late winter and early spring, with flight records from late January through early April. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia misturata
Tamarack Looper
Eupithecia misturata is a small geometrid moth in the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as pugs. First described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896, it is widely distributed across western North America. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers and other flowering plants, contributing to nocturnal pollination services. Two subspecies are recognized: E. m. misturata and E. m. delzurata.
Eupithecia monacheata
Eupithecia monacheata is a species of inchworm moth in the family Geometridae. It occurs in southwestern North America, with records from Arizona and California. Like other members of the genus Eupithecia, it is characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia mutata
spruce cone looper, cloaked pug
Eupithecia mutata is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Pearsall in 1908. The species is restricted to northeastern North America, where it occurs in coniferous forest habitats. The common name "spruce cone looper" reflects its larval association with spruce cones.
Eupithecia nabokovi
Eupithecia nabokovi is a small geometrid moth described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1946. The species is found in the western United States, where adults have been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination. The wingspan measures approximately 19 mm.
Eupithecia nevadata
Nevada Pug
Eupithecia nevadata is a small pug moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1871. It occurs in western North America, with recognized subspecies in Nevada, California, Utah, Colorado, and southern California. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia nimbicolor
Nimbicolor Pug Moth
A small geometrid moth of the pug group, first described in 1896. Adults are active in late spring and early summer across a broad North American range from Alaska and Newfoundland to Arizona. The species is one of several Eupithecia moths documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination of crops. Larvae feed on a diverse array of host plants including flowers of Achillea and Castilleja, and foliage of willows, roses, and currants.
Eupithecia niphadophilata
A small geometrid moth in the genus Eupithecia, commonly known as a "pug." First described in 1904, this species ranges across western North America from British Columbia to New Mexico. Adults fly in late summer, while larvae feed on coniferous trees including juniper and western redcedar. The species overwinters as an egg.
Eupithecia niveifascia
Eupithecia niveifascia is a small geometrid moth first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1898. It occurs in western North America from southwestern Alberta to Vancouver Island, and south to New Mexico. Adults are active from late May to mid-July and have been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia nonanticaria
Eupithecia nonanticaria is a small geometrid moth described by Clifford D. Ferris in 2007. It is restricted to high-elevation mixed coniferous forests in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, specifically the Pinos Altos Range, Black Range, and Chiricahua Mountains. Adults are active during a narrow window from late July to mid-August. The species is one of many Eupithecia "pugs" that are challenging to identify without detailed examination.
Eupithecia olivacea
A North American geometrid moth described by Taylor in 1906. The species is notable for its uniform olive-brown forewings and early spring flight period. Larvae are associated with coniferous trees including firs, spruces, and hemlocks, as well as hawthorn. The species has been documented as a nocturnal visitor to apple flowers, suggesting potential pollination activity.
Eupithecia owenata
Eupithecia owenata is a small moth in the family Geometridae, described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1944. It belongs to the large genus Eupithecia, commonly known as pug moths. The species is restricted to the southwestern United States and has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia palpata
small pine looper
Eupithecia palpata, commonly known as the small pine looper, is a moth in the family Geometridae. First described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1873, this species occurs across Canada and the northeastern United States. The larvae feed on conifers including balsam fir, eastern hemlock, eastern larch, pines, and spruces. Adults have been observed visiting flowers, including apple blossoms, suggesting a role in nocturnal pollination.
Eupithecia peckorum
Peck's Pug, Peck's Pug Moth
Eupithecia peckorum is a small geometrid moth endemic to the south-central United States, first described in 1977. The species belongs to the diverse 'pug moth' genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and a distinctive resting posture. It has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia placidata
Eupithecia placidata is a small geometrid moth in the pug group, first described by Taylor in 1908. It occurs in western North America from British Columbia to California. The species has a wingspan of approximately 20 mm and is active as an adult from February through October. Its larvae feed on a diverse range of coniferous and deciduous trees including junipers, cedars, poplars, pines, Douglas-fir, firs, hemlocks, and birches.
Eupithecia prostrata
Eupithecia prostrata is a species of pug moth in the family Geometridae, described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1938. It is one of approximately 140 Eupithecia species known from North America. Members of this genus are commonly called 'pugs' and are recognized by their narrow wings and distinctive resting posture. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers at night, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia purpurissata
Eupithecia purpurissata is a small geometrid moth described by John Arthur Grossbeck in 1908. It is endemic to California, with two recognized subspecies: the nominate form in northern and central California, and E. p. valariata in southern California. Adults have been recorded from February to July. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia ravocostaliata
tawny eupithecia, great variegated pug
Eupithecia ravocostaliata is a small geometrid moth commonly known as the tawny eupithecia or great variegated pug. First described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1876, this species occurs across northern North America from the northeastern United States through Canada to the Pacific coast. It is a member of the diverse pug moth genus Eupithecia, characterized by narrow wings and distinctive resting postures. The species has been documented visiting apple flowers, contributing to nocturnal pollination services.
Eupithecia rindgei
Eupithecia rindgei is a small moth in the family Geometridae, first described by James Halliday McDunnough in 1949. It is endemic to California. Adults have been recorded from May to July, with a wingspan of approximately 15 mm. As a member of the genus Eupithecia, it belongs to a diverse group of moths commonly known as "pugs."