Lepidoptera
- At first glance, the monarch butterfly seems built for beauty, not endurance. Its paper-thin wings look like they could tear in a strong breeze, and its delicate body appears better suited for floating between flowers than crossing continents. Yet these seemingly fragile creatures pull off one of nature's most incredible feats: a 3,000-mile migration. Just like geese, caribou, and senior citizens, they undertake this migration to avoid the harsh winters of the north.
Guides
Hendecaneura
Hendecaneura is a genus of tortricid moths in the subfamily Olethreutinae, established by Walsingham in 1900. The genus contains seven described species distributed primarily in Asia and North America. At least one species, H. shawiana, is a documented agricultural pest of blueberry. Most species were described by Walsingham in 1900 from material collected in Asia.
Henricus cognata
Henricus cognata is a species of tortricid moth described by Walsingham in 1914. The species occurs in the southern United States and Mexico (Veracruz). As a member of the tribe Cochylini within the subfamily Tortricinae, it belongs to a group of moths commonly known as tortrix or leafroller moths. The genus Henricus comprises multiple species, most of which are distributed in the Americas.
Hepialoidea
Ghost Moths, Swift Moths
Hepialoidea is a superfamily of moths comprising over 650 species in approximately 70 genera, commonly known as ghost moths and swift moths. The group is characterized by primitive morphological features including a regressed haustellum (reduced proboscis), short antennae, and distinctive wing venation with a displaced Rs3 vein. Hepialoidea has a cosmopolitan distribution except for Madagascar and Antarctica, with greatest diversity in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly southern South America, southern Africa, and the Australian region. The superfamily includes several families, with Hepialidae being the most species-rich; fossil evidence suggests an origin in the mid-Jurassic with Hepialidae diverging by the mid-Cretaceous approximately 95 million years ago.
Heraclides pallas
Broad-banded Swallowtail
Heraclides pallas, commonly known as the Broad-banded Swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It belongs to the genus Heraclides, which includes several swallowtail species found in the Americas. The species is recognized by GBIF and iNaturalist, with 201 observations recorded on iNaturalist.
Herpetogramma fluctuosalis
Greater Sweet Potato Webworm Moth
Herpetogramma fluctuosalis, commonly known as the greater sweet potato webworm moth, is a crambid moth distributed across the southeastern United States, Mexico, and the West Indies. Adults have a wingspan of 22–25 mm and are active primarily from April through July, with additional activity in October and December in Florida. The species is associated with agricultural and natural habitats where its larval host plants occur.
Herpetogrammatini
Herpetogrammatini is a tribe of moths in the subfamily Spilomelinae, family Crambidae, containing seven genera and approximately 286 species. The tribe was erected in 2019 based on molecular phylogenetic studies that resolved relationships within the species-rich Spilomelinae. It includes economically significant genera such as Herpetogramma, which contains species with leaf-rolling larval habits. The tribe represents a recently defined taxonomic grouping that reorganized previously scattered classifications within the Crambidae.
Hesperia columbia
Columbian skipper
Hesperia columbia, the Columbian skipper, is a grass skipper butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It occurs in North America and Central America. The species was originally described as Pamphila columbia by Scudder in 1872. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 4026.
Hesperia meskei
Meske's Skipper
Meske's Skipper is a North American grass skipper butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It was first described by William Henry Edwards in 1877. The species is recognized by taxonomic authorities including GBIF, Catalogue of Life, and NCBI. Three subspecies have been described: H. m. meskei, H. m. pinocayo, and H. m. straton. The species has been documented in citizen science platforms with over 300 observations.
Hesperia nevada
Nevada Skipper
Hesperia nevada, commonly known as the Nevada Skipper, is a butterfly species in the family Hesperiidae. It occurs in western North America from southern Canada through the western United States. The species belongs to a genus of skippers known for their rapid, darting flight patterns. Like other Hesperia species, adults likely have a characteristic stocky build with relatively large eyes.
Hesperiidae
Skippers
Hesperiidae, commonly known as skippers, is a large family of diurnal butterflies in the order Lepidoptera. The family contains over 3,500 recognized species distributed worldwide, with greatest diversity in tropical regions. Skippers are named for their rapid, darting flight patterns. A distinctive morphological feature is the antenna tip, which is modified into a narrow hook-like projection rather than the rounded club found in most other butterfly families. The family was formerly placed in its own superfamily Hesperioidea but is now classified within Papilionoidea based on recent molecular studies.
Hesperumia
sulphur moth
Hesperumia is a genus of geometrid moths established by Packard in 1873. The genus contains four recognized species distributed across western North America, with adults typically active during summer months. Larval stages are poorly documented, but the genus is associated with various host plants including buckwheat and other herbaceous vegetation. Adults of at least one species, H. sulphuraria, are attracted to light sources.
Heterocampa umbrata
white-blotched heterocampa, white-blotched prominent
Heterocampa umbrata is a moth in the family Notodontidae, described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is commonly known as the white-blotched heterocampa or white-blotched prominent. The species has a restricted distribution in the southeastern United States, occurring in Florida and coastal Georgia. The MONA or Hodges number for this species is 7990.
Heterocampinae
prominent moths
Heterocampinae is a subfamily of prominent moths within the family Notodontidae. It contains at least 60 described species in North America, with additional species in other regions. The group includes economically and ecologically significant genera such as Heterocampa, Schizura, and Lochmaeus. Adults are nocturnal and larvae often exhibit distinctive defensive postures.
Heteropterinae
Skipperlings
Heteropterinae is a subfamily of Hesperiidae (skippers) containing approximately 150 described species, commonly known as skipperlings. The subfamily is distinguished by specific morphological traits and includes genera such as Metisella in the Afrotropical region. Larvae of studied species feed exclusively on grasses (Poaceae). The subfamily occurs worldwide but is particularly documented from African and Malagasy regions.
Hexeris
Hexeris is a genus of moths in the family Thyrididae. The genus includes the seagrape borer (Hexeris enhydris), a species native to Florida and the Caribbean whose larvae bore into twigs of seagrape and pigeon-plum.
Hexorthodes catalina
Hexorthodes catalina is a noctuid moth species described from the Santa Catalina Mountains in southern Arizona. The species epithet references this type locality. As a member of the genus Hexorthodes, it belongs to a group of moths within the family Noctuidae. Specific ecological details about this species remain limited in published literature.
Hileithia
Hileithia is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, subfamily Spilomelinae. The genus was described by Snellen in 1875 and contains approximately 20 described species. Species are distributed across the Neotropical region, with records from Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. The genus is characterized by relatively small to medium-sized moths with typical crambid morphology.
Holcocerini
Holcocerini is a tribe of moths within the family Blastobasidae, a group of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The tribe contains multiple genera of blastobasid moths, which are characterized by their relatively plain appearance and often poorly known biology. Members of this tribe are found across various regions globally, reflecting the cosmopolitan distribution of the family. The classification of Blastobasidae and its constituent tribes has undergone revision, with some authorities historically treating these groups as subfamilies within Coleophoridae.
Homaledra
palm-leaf skeletonizer
Homaledra is a genus of small moths in the family Pterolonchidae, native to North and South America. The genus includes at least four species, with H. sabalella and H. heptathalama known as pests of palms in the southeastern United States. Larvae are specialist herbivores of palms, feeding colonially on frond undersides beneath protective silk cover.
Homaledra heptathalama
exclamation moth, palm leaf housemaker
Homaledra heptathalama is a small moth species in the family Pterolonchidae, known by the common names exclamation moth and palm leaf housemaker. It was described by August Busck in 1900 from specimens collected in Palm Beach, Florida. The species has undergone multiple taxonomic reclassifications, most recently placed in Pterolonchidae based on 2014 cladistic analysis. It is found in the southeastern United States.
Homoeosoma parvalbum
Homoeosoma parvalbum is a species of snout moth (family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae) described in 1985 by André Blanchard and Ed Knudson. It is currently known only from Texas, United States. No ecological or biological details have been documented for this species in published literature.
Homoeosoma stypticella
A species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. It is a North American species with records from Canada and the United States. Like other members of the genus Homoeosoma, it likely has associations with flowering plants, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented. The species is distinguished from the economically important sunflower moth (Homoeosoma electellum) by its different geographic range and lack of documented agricultural pest status.
Homoglaea carbonaria
cutworm moth, dart moth
Homoglaea carbonaria is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Harvey in 1876. It was originally placed in the genus Lithophane before being transferred to Homoglaea. The species is known from North America, with records from the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. As a member of the Noctuidae, it likely has a typical noctuid life cycle with larvae that are cutworms, though specific biological details remain poorly documented. The MONA or Hodges number for this species is 9883.
Homophoberia cristata
waterlily moth, crested wedge-spot moth, waterlily owlet
Homophoberia cristata is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, commonly known as the waterlily moth or crested wedge-spot moth. It occurs in North America and has been documented in 328 iNaturalist observations. The species was described by Morrison in 1875.
Homosetia argentinotella
Homosetia argentinotella is a small moth species in the family Meessiidae, originally described by Chambers in 1876 under the basionym Semele argentinotella. The species has been documented in North America with 83 iNaturalist observations, suggesting it is moderately recorded but not extensively studied. Like other members of the family Meessiidae, it belongs to the superfamily Tineoidea, which includes various fungus moths and related groups.
Homosetia n-sp-five
Homosetia n-sp-five is an undescribed species within the genus Homosetia, a group of small moths in the family Tineidae. As a species-level entity awaiting formal description, it has been recognized as distinct from described congeners but lacks published diagnostic documentation. The genus Homosetia is characterized by reduced wing venation and specialized head scaling. This species contributes to the documented diversity of Tineidae in regions where Homosetia occurs.
Homosetia n-sp-one
Homosetia n-sp-one is an undescribed species within the genus Homosetia, a group of small moths in the family Tineidae. As a species not yet formally described, its distinguishing characteristics and biology remain incompletely documented. The genus Homosetia belongs to the subfamily Meessiinae, which comprises small, often inconspicuous moths associated with diverse habitats. This species awaits formal taxonomic description and characterization.
Homosetia n-sp-three
Homosetia n-sp-three is an undescribed species within the tineid moth genus Homosetia. As a member of the family Tineidae, it belongs to a group commonly known as fungus moths or clothes moths, though specific ecological habits for this particular species remain undocumented. The designation "n-sp-three" indicates it has been recognized as a distinct taxonomic entity but awaits formal scientific description. Specimens have been catalogued in entomological collections, suggesting it has been collected from field surveys.
Homosetia tricingulatella
Homosetia tricingulatella is a small moth species in the family Meessiidae, originally described as Tinea tricingulatella by Clemens in 1863. The species was later transferred to the genus Homosetia. It is a member of the tineoid lineage of Lepidoptera, a group that includes many small moths associated with detritus and organic matter. Available records are sparse, with limited observational data.
Honora
snout moths
Honora is a genus of snout moths in the family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. The genus belongs to the diverse pyralid moth assemblage, commonly known as snout moths due to their prominent elongated labial palps. As a genus within Phycitinae, Honora species are likely small to medium-sized moths with relatively narrow wings, though specific diagnostic features distinguishing the genus from related taxa require detailed morphological examination.
Hyalophora columbia columbia
Columbia Silk Moth
The Columbia Silk Moth is a subspecies of giant silk moth in the family Saturniidae. Adults are among the largest North American moths. Larvae typically feed on larch, though intergrade populations show dietary flexibility. The subspecies occurs in boreal and north-temperate regions, with documented populations in Wisconsin and intergrade zones in northwestern Ontario. Adult flight peaks in early June. Natural hybridization with related species occurs rarely despite sympatric overlap.
Hyblaeidae
teak moths
Hyblaeidae is a family of moths containing approximately 18 species across two genera: Hyblaea (Old World tropics) and Torone (Neotropics). The family's phylogenetic position within Lepidoptera remains uncertain, with studies placing Hyblaeoidea as sister to Pyraloidea or alternatively grouping with Thyridoidea or butterflies. Males possess a specialized 'hair-pencil' on the hindleg. The family is economically significant due to Hyblaea puera, a major defoliator of teak and mangrove species.
Hydriomena crokeri
Hydriomena crokeri is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, first described by Swett in 1910. It belongs to the subfamily Larentiinae, a diverse group of carpet moths. The species is recorded from North America, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited in published literature.
Hydririni
Hydririni is a tribe of moths in the subfamily Spilomelinae (family Crambidae) comprising approximately 104 species across eight genera. The tribe is primarily Neotropical in distribution, with most species described from tropical Central and South America. Adults range from narrow- to broad-winged, with wing patterns varying from inconspicuous brown and ochre to more colorful displays. Hydririni is characterized by distinctive genitalic synapomorphies: females possess an appendix bursae on the corpus bursae, and males typically exhibit hair scale patches on the anterior edge of abdominal sternite 8. The tribe forms part of the paraphyletic 'non-euspilomeline' group within Spilomelinae.
Hymenoclea
Hymenoclea is a genus of clearwing moths (family Sesiidae) first described by Engelhardt in 1946. The genus belongs to the subfamily Sesiinae and tribe Synanthedonini. Like other sesiid moths, species in this genus are characterized by mimicry of wasps or hornets in their adult form. The genus is distinct from the plant genus Hymenoclea (Asteraceae), which comprises desert shrubs such as burrobrush.
Hyparpax venus
Venus Moth
Hyparpax venus is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae, described by Berthold Neumoegen in 1892. It is native to North America and belongs to the prominent moth group, which are characterized by their distinctive resting postures and often tufted or hairy bodies. The species name 'venus' references the Roman goddess of beauty, a common naming convention in this genus.
Hypatima sp-two
Hypatima sp-two is an undescribed or provisionally designated species within the genus Hypatima, a diverse group of small moths in the family Gelechiidae. Species in this genus are generally characterized by narrow wings and often exhibit distinctive wing patterns useful for identification. The specific epithet "sp-two" indicates this taxon has not received a formal species description and is recognized by a working designation. As with many gelechiid moths, adults are likely nocturnal and larvae probably feed on plant material.
Hypatopa
Hypatopa is a genus of small moths in the family Blastobasidae, established by Walsingham in 1907. The genus occurs across the Holarctic region, with documented species in China, Scandinavia, and other regions. Recent taxonomic work has expanded the known species diversity, particularly in East Asia.
Hypatopa vestaliella
Hypatopa vestaliella is a small moth species in the family Blastobasidae. It was originally described under the genus Holcocera before being transferred to Hypatopa. The species is known from the northeastern United States, with confirmed records from Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Maine.
Hypena appalachiensis
Appalachian Snout
Hypena appalachiensis is a moth species in the family Erebidae, commonly known as the Appalachian Snout. It is native to eastern North America, with its distribution centered on the Appalachian Mountains region. The species was first described by Butler in 1987. As a member of the genus Hypena, it belongs to a group of moths often characterized by their snout-like labial palps and triangular wing posture at rest.
Hypena minualis
sooty hypena, sooty bomolocha moth, Sooty Snout
Hypena minualis is a moth in the family Erebidae, first described by Achille Guenée in 1854. It is found in North America, with distribution records including the northeastern United States. The species is assigned MONA/Hodges number 8457. As a member of the genus Hypena, it belongs to a group commonly known as snout moths due to their elongated labial palps.
Hypena subidalis
Hypena subidalis is a moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Hypeninae, described by Guenée in 1854. The species is native to North America and has been recorded in the conterminous 48 United States. It belongs to a genus containing several economically significant agricultural pests, including the green cloverworm (Hypena scabra), though specific information about H. subidalis ecology and biology remains limited in available sources.
Hypena umbralis
banded bomolocha moth
Hypena umbralis, commonly known as the banded bomolocha moth, is a species of moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Hypeninae. It was described by Smith in 1884 and is assigned MONA/Hodges number 8453. The species is part of the genus Hypena, which includes several economically significant agricultural pests, though specific information about H. umbralis ecology and distribution remains limited.
Hypenodes palustris
Swampland Hypenodes
Hypenodes palustris is a small moth in the family Erebidae, described by Ferguson in 1954. The species name 'palustris' (Latin for 'of the swamp') reflects its association with wetland habitats. It occurs across northern North America from Alaska through Canada to the northeastern and north-central United States. The species is one of relatively few in the genus Hypenodes, a group of small moths often associated with moist or marshy environments.
Hypenopsis sonora
Hypenopsis sonora is a species of moth in the family Erebidae, genus Hypenopsis. The species epithet suggests an association with the Sonoran Desert region. As of current records, this species has been documented through only 8 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is poorly known and likely rare or undercollected. Basic biological and ecological information remains undocumented in the available literature.
Hypercompe permaculata
many-spotted tiger moth
Hypercompe permaculata, commonly known as the many-spotted tiger moth, is a species of tiger moth in the family Erebidae. It was first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1872. The species is native to western North America, ranging across the western United States and into parts of northern Mexico and southern Canada.
Hypomicrogaster
Hypomicrogaster is a genus of braconid wasps in the subfamily Microgastrinae, containing over 40 described species. The genus was taxonomically revised in 2015, with 40 new species described and four previously named species redescribed. Species in this genus are parasitoids of Lepidoptera, with documented associations to 11 lepidopteran families and 52 confirmed host species feeding on 34 plant families. The genus is distributed across North, Central, and South America.
Hypoptinae
carpenter moths, goat moths
A subfamily of carpenter moths (Cossidae) distributed primarily in the Neotropical region, with some genera extending into North America. The subfamily includes approximately 10 recognized genera, including Givira, Langsdorfia, and Hypopta. Hypoptinae are characterized by their generally robust body form and nocturnal habits. Many species exhibit distinctive wing patterns ranging from dark, mottled coloration to pale, nearly white forms. The subfamily has been subject to recent taxonomic revision, with new species and genera described from Andean and Brazilian localities.
Hyposoter
Hyposoter is a large cosmopolitan genus of ichneumonid wasps in the subfamily Campopleginae. Species are koinobiont endoparasitoids that attack various holometabolan insects, primarily Lepidoptera. The genus exhibits substantial species diversity with over 70 species recognized in the Western Palaearctic region alone. Swiss studies indicate higher species richness at low altitudes, with only three species considered high-altitude specialists.
Hypotiini
The Hypotiini are a tribe of snout moths within the family Pyralidae, established by Thomas Algernon Chapman in 1902. The tribe contains at least two recognized genera: Hypotia and Arsenaria. These moths are part of the diverse Pyralidae family, commonly known as snout moths due to the elongated labial palps that project forward from the head. The tribe has been documented in over 940 iNaturalist observations, indicating moderate representation in citizen science records.

