Lepidoptera
- At first glance, the monarch butterfly seems built for beauty, not endurance. Its paper-thin wings look like they could tear in a strong breeze, and its delicate body appears better suited for floating between flowers than crossing continents. Yet these seemingly fragile creatures pull off one of nature's most incredible feats: a 3,000-mile migration. Just like geese, caribou, and senior citizens, they undertake this migration to avoid the harsh winters of the north.
Guides
Hypsopygia
A newly described species of snout moth in the genus Hypsopygia (family Pyralidae). The genus Hypsopygia comprises small to medium-sized moths commonly known as snout moths or pyralid moths. Many species in this genus are associated with detritus, decaying plant material, or stored products. The specific epithet "new-species" appears to be a placeholder indicating this taxon was recently described to science, though formal publication details are not provided in the available sources.
Hypsopygia planalis
Hypsopygia planalis is a species of snout moth in the family Pyralidae, first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1880. The species is known from North America, with confirmed records from Colorado. Like other members of the genus Hypsopygia, it belongs to a group of moths commonly referred to as snout moths due to the elongated labial palps that project forward from the head. The biology and larval habits of this species remain poorly documented.
Ianassa coloradensis
Ianassa coloradensis is a moth species in the family Notodontidae (prominent moths), first described by Edwards in 1885. It belongs to the subfamily Heterocampinae, a group of moths whose larvae often exhibit distinctive defensive postures and feeding habits on woody plants. The species has been documented in 56 iNaturalist observations, suggesting it is encountered with moderate frequency by naturalists. As a member of Notodontidae, it is part of a diverse family of moths found primarily in forested and wooded habitats.
Ianassa wagneri
Ianassa wagneri is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae, subfamily Heterocampinae. The species was described by Miller and Franclemont in 2021. It belongs to the genus Ianassa, a group of prominent moths within the superfamily Noctuoidea. Very little specific information has been published about this recently described species.
Idaea
wave moths, dwarf geometer moths
Idaea is a large genus of geometer moths (Geometridae: Sterrhinae) distributed nearly worldwide. The genus contains numerous small species, many of which are characterized by wavy transverse lines on the forewings that give them their common name of 'wave moths.' Species diversity is particularly high in the Mediterranean region, African savannas, and the deserts of western Asia. The genus was established by Treitschke in 1825.
Idaea asceta
Beautiful Wave
Idaea asceta, commonly known as the Beautiful Wave, is a species of geometrid moth described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1910. Originally placed in the genus Ptychopoda, it was later transferred to Idaea. The species belongs to the subfamily Sterrhinae, a group of small to medium-sized moths often referred to as "waves" due to their characteristic wing patterns. As a member of the diverse genus Idaea, which contains several hundred species worldwide, I. asceta represents one of many similar-looking taxa that require careful examination for accurate identification.
Idaea basinta
red-and-white wave
Idaea basinta is a geometrid moth species commonly known as the red-and-white wave. First described by William Schaus in 1901, this moth occurs across Central and North America. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 7110.
Idaea hilliata
Hill's wave moth, Hill's Wave
Idaea hilliata, known as Hill's wave moth, is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is native to North America and has been documented in at least 77 observations. The species was first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1887. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 7118 in North American moth classification systems.
Idaea insulensis
Idaea insulensis is a species of geometer moth in the family Geometridae, described by Rindge in 1958. It belongs to the large genus Idaea, which comprises numerous small, often brightly patterned moths commonly known as wave moths or idaeas. The species epithet 'insulensis' suggests an island-associated distribution, though specific habitat details remain limited in available sources.
Idaea kendallaria
Kendall's Wave
Idaea kendallaria (Kendall's Wave) is a species of geometrid moth described by Covell in 2015. It belongs to the family Geometridae, commonly known as geometer or inchworm moths, and the subfamily Sterrhinae. The species is placed in the genus Idaea, a large and diverse group of small moths often referred to as waves or carpets due to their characteristic wing patterns. As a relatively recently described species, detailed information about its biology and ecology remains limited.
Idaea obfusaria
rippled wave
Idaea obfusaria, commonly known as the rippled wave, is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1861 and is found in North America. The species belongs to the subfamily Sterrhinae, a group of small moths often referred to as waves or carpets due to their characteristic wing patterns.
Idaea skinnerata
Idaea skinnerata is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae, subfamily Sterrhinae. The species was described by Grossbeck in 1907. Like other members of the genus Idaea, it is a small moth with relatively broad wings. The genus Idaea is diverse and widespread, with many species exhibiting subtle differences in wing pattern and coloration that require careful examination for identification.
Idia concisa
American Idia Moth
Idia concisa, commonly known as the American Idia Moth, is a species of litter moth in the subfamily Herminiinae. It is a nocturnal species attracted to artificial light sources. The species is part of a taxonomically complex group within the genus Idia, where identification often requires careful examination of genitalic structures. Adults are active during warmer months and are frequently encountered by moth enthusiasts using blacklight or porch light setups.
Inga obscuromaculella
Inga obscuromaculella is a species of concealer moth in the family Oecophoridae, described by Chambers in 1878. The genus Inga contains numerous small moth species, many of which are associated with specific host plants. As a member of the Oecophorinae subfamily, this species likely shares the family's general ecological tendencies toward larval feeding on decaying plant material or living plant tissues, though specific biological details for this particular species remain poorly documented in available sources.
Inopsis funerea
Inopsis funerea is a moth species in the family Erebidae, first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1883. The species is known from very few records in North America, specifically Arizona and South Carolina, indicating a disjunct or poorly sampled distribution. Adults have been documented in June, suggesting a restricted seasonal flight period. The genus Inopsis belongs to the tribe Lithosiini, a group of lichen moths typically characterized by muted coloration and cryptic patterning.
Iridopsis obliquaria
Oblique Looper Moth
Iridopsis obliquaria, commonly known as the oblique looper moth, is a geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. The species is recorded from North America and Middle America. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 6577. Larvae of related Iridopsis species have been documented feeding on soybean, though specific host associations for I. obliquaria remain poorly documented.
Isa
Isa is a genus of moths in the family Limacodidae, commonly known as slug caterpillar moths. These moths are characterized by their distinctive larval stage, which features flattened, slug-like caterpillars that glide rather than crawl using conventional legs. The genus was established by Packard in 1864 and includes several species found in North America.
Isocorypha
Isocorypha is a genus of small moths established by Dietz in 1905. The genus contains at least one described species, Isocorypha limbata, described from North America. The taxonomic placement of this genus has been revised, with modern classifications placing it in the family Meessiidae rather than the historically cited Tineidae.
Isogona tenuis
Thin-lined Owlet
Isogona tenuis, commonly known as the Thin-lined Owlet, is a moth species in the family Erebidae. First described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1872, this species ranges across eastern North America from Ontario south to Florida and Texas. Adults are active from spring through late summer, with timing varying by latitude. The larvae feed exclusively on Celtis (hackberry) species.
Isogona texana
Isogona texana is a small moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Calpinae. The species was described by Smith in 1900 and is known from Texas. Adults have a wingspan of approximately 24 mm. This species belongs to a genus of moths commonly known as owlet moths, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.
Kessleria
Kessleria is a genus of small moths in the family Yponomeutidae, first described by Nowicki in 1864. The genus contains approximately 35 recognized species distributed primarily across the Palearctic region, with additional species found in Madagascar, New Guinea, and Japan. Many species exhibit narrow geographic ranges and are associated with high-elevation or insular habitats. The genus has been subject to significant taxonomic revision, particularly by Huemer and colleagues, who used DNA barcoding to clarify species boundaries.
Kisutam
Kisutam is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, established by Johnson & Kroenlein in 1993. The genus is part of the diverse hairstreak butterfly lineage. Species in this genus are found in the Neotropical region.
La
La is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, described by Stanisław Błeszynski in 1966. The genus contains four species, all of which have been given punning names. These moths belong to the grass moth family Crambidae, a large group within the order Lepidoptera. The genus is recognized in major taxonomic databases including GBIF and Catalogue of Life.
Lacinipolia
owlet moths
Lacinipolia is a genus of owlet moths in the family Noctuidae. Adults are nocturnal and frequently attracted to blacklights. Species within this genus exhibit considerable variation in coloration, including mottled gray forms with reflective wing scales and green forms that likely provide camouflage against lichen-covered substrates. Species-level identification based on external appearance alone is generally not possible.
Lacinipolia consimilis
cutworm moth, dart moth
Lacinipolia consimilis is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, described by McDunnough in 1937. It belongs to the genus Lacinipolia, commonly known as cutworm or dart moths. The species is distributed in North America. As with many Lacinipolia species, visual identification to species level is challenging and typically requires examination of genitalia.
Lacinipolia martini
cutworm moth, dart moth
Lacinipolia martini is a noctuid moth species described in 2001 by Selman & Leuschner. It belongs to the owlet moth genus Lacinipolia, a group whose members are difficult to distinguish by external appearance alone. The species occurs in North America and is attracted to blacklights, with adults active during summer months. Like other Lacinipolia species, it is presumed to have a larval stage that functions as a cutworm, though specific life history details remain poorly documented.
Lacinipolia meditata
Thinker Moth
Lacinipolia meditata, commonly known as the thinker moth, is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae. It is a medium-sized nocturnal moth found across North America. Adults are attracted to ultraviolet light sources, a common trait among noctuid moths. The species is part of a genus whose members can be difficult to distinguish visually without close examination.
Lacinipolia sharonae
Sharon's Cutworm, Sharon's Dart
Lacinipolia sharonae is a species of cutworm moth in the family Noctuidae, described in 2001. It is part of the diverse owlet moth genus Lacinipolia, which contains numerous similar-looking species that are difficult to distinguish without close examination. The species is found in North America and has been assigned the MONA/Hodges number 10406.3. Like other members of its genus, adults are nocturnal and attracted to light.
Lacinipolia spiculosa
Lacinipolia spiculosa is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Grote in 1883. It is found in North America and is one of several larger owlet moths in the genus Lacinipolia that are attracted to blacklights at night. Species in this genus are difficult to distinguish from one another by appearance alone.
Lamproniinae
Lamproniinae is a subfamily of small moths within the family Prodoxidae (order Lepidoptera). These insects are part of the superfamily Adeloidea, which includes primitive moth lineages. The subfamily contains relatively few species, most notably including the genus Lampronia. Members are characterized by reduced wing venation and are associated with specific host plants, particularly in the Rosaceae family.
Larentiinae
Carpet Moths
Larentiinae is a large subfamily of geometer moths (Geometridae) containing approximately 5,800 described species. Members are predominantly distributed in temperate regions worldwide. The subfamily includes well-known groups such as the "pug moths" (Eupitheciini) and "carpets" (Cidariini, Xanthorhoini). Morphological and molecular evidence indicates this is an ancient lineage that may warrant elevation to full family status. The subfamily is characterized by distinctive anatomical features including elongated foreleg tarsi and hindleg tibiae, and a unique tympanal organ structure.
Lasaia sula peninsularis
Lasaia sula peninsularis is a subspecies of metalmark butterfly in the family Riodinidae. The species Lasaia sula is distributed across parts of Central America and the Caribbean, with the subspecies peninsularis occurring in specific peninsular regions. Members of the genus Lasaia are small butterflies often noted for their dark coloration with metallic blue or green markings.
Lasiocampidae
Lappet Moths, Eggars, Tent Caterpillars, Snout Moths
Lasiocampidae is a family of moths comprising over 2,000 species worldwide, representing approximately 5% of global moth diversity. The family is characterized by large, hairy caterpillars with distinctive skin flaps on their prolegs, and adults that are typically large-bodied with broad wings. Many species are notable for their social larval behavior, including tent caterpillars that construct communal silk nests. The family is the sole member of the superfamily Lasiocampoidea and includes several economically significant forest pests.
Lepidopteramothstent-caterpillarsforest-pestsgregarious-larvaesilken-nestsdefoliatorsbipectinate-antennaelappet-mothseggarssnout-mothsMalacosomaDendrolimusEriogasterTolypePhyllodesmasocial-caterpillarsthermoregulationpheromone-trailscocoonfolivoryconifer-pestsdeciduous-forestintegrated-pest-managementMcMorran-dietLasiocampini
Lasiocampini is a tribe of lappet moths within the family Lasiocampidae. Members are characterized by densely hairy bodies and larvae with fleshy, lobe-like projections (lappets) along the body sides. The tribe includes several genera of medium to large-sized moths found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. Adults are generally nocturnal and possess reduced mouthparts, with larvae feeding on various woody plants.
Leptosteges vestaliella
Leptosteges vestaliella is a small crambid moth described by Zeller in 1872. It occurs in the southeastern and south-central United States. Adults are active from late spring through early autumn. The species is among the smaller members of its genus.
Leschenaultia bicolor
Leschenaultia bicolor is a tachinid fly parasitoid that attacks lepidopteran caterpillars. Females deposit microtype eggs on leaves, which are ingested by host caterpillars during feeding. The species has been recorded from multiple Halysidota species (Erebidae) and is distributed across the New World from Canada to Argentina. A 2020 study provided the first description and illustration of male and female terminalia for this species.
Lesmone aenaria
Lesmone aenaria is a moth species originally described by Druce in 1890. Currently treated as a synonym of Lesmone detrahens (Walker, 1858), this taxon represents a historical name that has been subsumed under a broader species concept. The species belongs to the family Erebidae, subfamily Erebinae, a diverse group of nocturnal moths commonly known as underwings and related forms. Records indicate presence in North America.
Lespesia
Lespesia is a genus of tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae) distributed from Canada to Chile, with approximately 37 species in the Neotropical Region. Species are endoparasitoids of Lepidoptera caterpillars, with some records from sawfly larvae. The genus includes economically significant species such as L. archippivora, a major parasitoid of monarch butterfly larvae documented through extensive citizen science monitoring.
Letis xylia
Letis xylia is a moth species in the family Erebidae, first described by French entomologist Achille Guenée in 1852. It is known from North America, where it has been recorded in distribution records. The species is assigned Hodges number 8646.1 in the North American moth classification system.
Leucania dia
Leucania dia is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, found in North America. This noctuid moth is part of a large genus of similar species, many of which are challenging to distinguish without close examination. The species was described by Grote in 1879 and is currently recognized as a synonym of Leucania insueta in some taxonomic databases.
Leucania incognita
Unknown Wainscot
Leucania incognita is a noctuid moth species first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1918. It belongs to the cutworm or dart moth group within the family Noctuidae. The species occurs in North America and is known by the common name "Unknown Wainscot." It has been assigned MONA/Hodges number 10450 for North American moth classification.
Leucania insueta
Heterodox Wainscot Moth
Leucania insueta, known as the heterodox wainscot moth, is a noctuid moth species described by Guenée in 1852. It belongs to the cutworm or dart moth group within the family Noctuidae. The species occurs in North America with documented records from Canada and the northeastern United States.
Leucania solita
Leucania solita is a moth species in the family Noctuidae, described by Francis Walker in 1856. It is currently treated as a synonym of Leucania humidicola. The species has been recorded in North America. As a noctuid moth, it belongs to a large and diverse family commonly known as owlet moths.
Leucaniini
Wainscot Moths
Leucaniini is a tribe of noctuid moths within the subfamily Noctuinae, commonly known as wainscot moths. The tribe contains at least 40 described species distributed across multiple genera including Leucania, Mythimna, and Tiracola. Members are nocturnal and frequently collected using light traps. Some species, particularly within Tiracola, are agricultural pests with documented economic impact.
Leucochroma
Leucochroma is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, subfamily Spilomelinae, established by Guenée in 1854. The genus contains at least five described species distributed across the Neotropical region, including Colombia, Jamaica, and Taiwan. Species within this genus are characterized by their predominantly white or pale coloration, as reflected in the genus name derived from Greek roots meaning 'white color'. The genus is part of the diverse snout moth family Crambidae, which includes many economically important agricultural pests.
Leucocnemis variabilis
Leucocnemis variabilis is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1918. It belongs to the genus Leucocnemis, which contains multiple species of noctuid moths distributed in North America. The specific epithet 'variabilis' suggests morphological variation within the species.
Leucoptera erythrinella
Leucoptera erythrinella is a species of moth in the family Lyonetiidae, first described by Busck in 1900. It belongs to a genus of leaf-mining moths whose larvae create serpentine tunnels within plant leaves. The species is part of the Cemiostominae subfamily, a group known for their specialized feeding habits as internal leaf feeders.
Limenitidini
Limenitidini is a tribe of brush-footed butterflies within the subfamily Limenitidinae. The tribe comprises approximately 20 genera distributed primarily in tropical and temperate regions of the Old World and Neotropics. Notable genera include Adelpha (sisters), Limenitis (admirals), Cymothoe (gliders), and Athyma (sergeants). The subtribal classification of Limenitidini has been subject to revision based on cladistic analyses.
Limenitis archippus floridensis
Florida Viceroy
Limenitis archippus floridensis, commonly known as the Florida Viceroy, is a subspecies of the Viceroy butterfly found in the southeastern United States. This butterfly is renowned for its mimicry of the Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), though recent research indicates it is also unpalatable to predators, making this Müllerian rather than Batesian mimicry. The Florida subspecies is notably larger and darker than typical Viceroys, adaptations that allow it to mimic the Queen butterfly (Danaus gilippus) which replaces the Monarch as the model species in Florida. Males are highly territorial, patrolling areas and perching frequently—a behavior not observed in Monarchs.
Lineostriastiria olivalis
Lineostriastiria olivalis is a species of owlet moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Barnes and McDunnough in 1916. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 9757. The species is native to North America and is classified within the subfamily Stiriinae.

