Do mosquitoes have any redeeming qualities? What stops us from completely eradicating them from off the face of the earth? What good are mosquitoes?
Diptera
- David Bradt shares his experiences as an entomologist in the US Army.
- Spencer Doepel of Ecoflys talks about the black soldier fly, its life cycle, and how to rear it.
Guides
Allohelea johannseni
Allohelea johannseni is a species of predaceous midge in the family Ceratopogonidae, originally described as Monohelea johannseni by Wirth in 1953. The species belongs to a genus of small, predatory biting midges. It has been documented through limited observations, with only two records on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Allopiophila
Allopiophila is a genus of small flies in the family Piophilidae, established by Hendel in 1917. The genus comprises approximately 20 described species distributed primarily across northern and central Europe. Species are distinguished by morphological features including variations in leg coloration, thoracic setation, and abdominal ornamentation.
Allopiophila testacea
Allopiophila testacea is a species of cheese skipper fly in the family Piophilidae, described by Melander in 1924. The genus Allopiophila is small and contains few described species. Members of Piophilidae are known for their association with protein-rich decomposing organic matter, particularly animal remains and cheese. The specific epithet 'testacea' refers to the shell-like or testaceous coloration typical of the species.
Allotrichoma
A genus of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) established by Becker in 1896. Species in this genus are recorded from Russia, including Volgograd Oblast, Saratov Oblast, and the Republic of Buryatia. The genus is part of the diverse ephydrid fauna associated with aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats.
Alluaudomyia needhami
Alluaudomyia needhami is a species of predaceous midge in the family Ceratopogonidae, described by Thomsen in 1935. The genus Alluaudomyia comprises small biting midges, many of which are predatory as adults or larvae. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only three records in iNaturalist. The species' biology and ecology remain poorly known.
Amblyonychus
Amblyonychus is a genus of robber flies (Asilidae) established by Hermann in 1921. Members of this genus are predatory flies that hunt other insects in flight. The genus contains multiple species distributed across various regions, though specific species-level information remains limited in available sources.
Amblypsilopus
Amblypsilopus is a large genus of long-legged flies (Dolichopodidae) containing approximately 350 described species. The genus is distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with particularly high diversity in the Afrotropical region where about 60 species occur, including 25 on Madagascar alone. The genus is possibly polyphyletic and requires further taxonomic revision. Species identification relies heavily on male genitalia morphology, particularly the surstylus and cercus, along with male secondary sexual characters on the legs.
Amblypsilopus bradleii
Amblypsilopus bradleii is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae, first described by Van Duzee in 1915. It belongs to the subfamily Sciapodinae, a group characterized by elongated legs and slender bodies. The species is documented through limited observation records, with most information inferred from its placement within a well-studied family of predatory flies.
Amblypsilopus psittacinus
A species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae, characterized by elongated legs and metallic coloration typical of the family. The specific epithet 'psittacinus' refers to a parrot-like coloration. As a member of Sciapodinae, it exhibits the streamlined body form associated with this subfamily.
Amblypsilopus rotundiceps
A species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae, subfamily Sciapodinae. First described by Aldrich in 1904. The specific epithet "rotundiceps" refers to the rounded head characteristic of this species. Like other dolichopodids, it possesses the family's distinctive elongated legs and metallic coloration, though specific details of its biology remain poorly documented in published literature.
Amedia floridana
Amedia floridana is a species of gall midge (family Cecidomyiidae) described by Jaschhof in 1997. The species belongs to the subfamily Lestremiinae and tribe Strobliellini. As a member of this genus, it is likely associated with fungal substrates, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented in available literature.
Americina
Americina is a genus of dung flies in the family Scathophagidae, established by Malloch in 1923. The genus belongs to the subfamily Delininae and contains at least one described species, A. adusta. Scathophagidae, commonly known as dung flies, are predatory or coprophagous flies often associated with vertebrate dung.
Americina adusta
Americina adusta is a species of dung fly in the family Scathophagidae, first described by Loew in 1863 under the basionym Cordilura adusta. It belongs to a family whose larvae are primarily associated with dung or decaying organic matter, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented. The genus Americina is part of the subfamily Delininae.
Ametrodiplosis fistulosae
Ametrodiplosis fistulosae is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae, described by Plakidas in 2016. The specific epithet "fistulosae" suggests an association with hollow or tubular plant structures. As a member of the genus Ametrodiplosis, it belongs to a group of cecidomyiid flies known for inducing galls on plants. The species is documented in the Catalogue of Life and has been recorded on iNaturalist with 25 observations.
Ammonaios
Ammonaios is a genus of stiletto flies (Diptera: Therevidae) described by Irwin and Lyneborg in 1981. The genus belongs to a family of predatory flies whose larvae develop in soil or sand and feed on other invertebrates. As a relatively small and poorly documented genus, its species-level taxonomy and biology remain incompletely known. The genus is part of the diverse therevid fauna found in various regions including parts of the Old World.
Ammonaios confusus
Ammonaios confusus is a species of stiletto fly in the family Therevidae, described by Hauser and Irwin in 2003. The genus Ammonaios was established relatively recently, and species within this group are poorly known compared to many other therevid flies. Like other Therevidae, adults are likely predatory or nectar-feeding, though specific ecological details remain undocumented. The species epithet 'confusus' suggests historical taxonomic confusion with related taxa.
Amoebaleria helvola
Amoebaleria helvola is a species of small fly in the family Heleomyzidae, first described by Hermann Loew in 1862. The species was originally placed in the genus Scoliocentra before being transferred to Amoebaleria. Heleomyzid flies are generally associated with decaying organic matter, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented. It is one of several species in the genus Amoebaleria, which is distributed across the Holarctic region.
Amoebaleria infuscata
Amoebaleria infuscata is a species of true fly in the family Heleomyzidae, described by Gill in 1962. The genus Amoebaleria is a small group within this family of saprophagous flies. Very little specific information is documented about this species beyond its taxonomic description. It belongs to a family whose larvae generally develop in decaying organic matter.
Amphicosmus
Amphicosmus is a genus of bee flies (family Bombyliidae) containing five described species. The genus was established by Coquillett in 1891 and is classified within the subfamily Tomomyzinae. Members of this genus share the general characteristics of bee flies, including a parasitoid life history strategy. The genus is poorly documented in scientific literature, with limited species-level descriptions and biological data available.
Amphicosmus arizonensis
Amphicosmus arizonensis is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. It was described by Johnson & Johnson in 1960 and is known from Arizona. As a member of the bee fly family, it belongs to a group of true flies that are often mistaken for bees due to their morphological adaptations for pollination. The species is currently accepted as valid, though it has been treated as a synonym of Amphicosmus vanduzeei in some classifications.
Amphicosmus elegans
Amphicosmus elegans is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, described by Coquillett in 1891. It belongs to the subfamily Tomomyzinae and is placed in the genus Amphicosmus. The species is known from limited records, with only one observation documented in iNaturalist. Bee flies in this family are generally characterized by their stout, hairy bodies and long proboscises adapted for nectar feeding.
Amphipogon hyperboreus
Amphipogon hyperboreus is a small fly in the family Piophilidae, originally described as Ambopogon hyperboreus by Greene in 1919. The genus Amphipogon belongs to the cheese skipper family, though specific ecological details for this species remain poorly documented. It is known from a small number of observations and appears to have a northern distribution pattern suggested by its specific epithet 'hyperboreus' (meaning 'beyond the north').
Androprosopa
Androprosopa is a genus of small non-biting midges in the family Thaumaleidae (Diptera). The western Nearctic fauna includes 25 species, with three species described in 2021. Species are distinguished primarily by male genitalic morphology. The genus belongs to a small family of Diptera associated with cool, moist environments.
Anisopodidae
Wood Gnats, Window-Gnats
Anisopodidae is a small, cosmopolitan family of gnat-like flies comprising 154 described extant species across 15 genera, with additional fossil taxa known from the Jurassic through Cenozoic. Commonly called wood gnats or window-gnats, most species are small to medium-sized (4–12 mm), though genera Olbiogaster and Lobogaster are notably larger (17–18 mm) with distinctive spatulated abdomens. The family's phylogenetic placement remains controversial, with proposals ranging from sister group to Brachycera to recognition as multiple distinct families. Some authors recognize four separate families: Anisopodidae, Mycetobiidae, Olbiogastridae, and Valeseguyidae.
Anopheles franciscanus
Anopheles franciscanus is a mosquito species in the family Culicidae, first described by McCracken in 1904. The species has been documented in southern California and is part of the Anopheles genus, which includes mosquitoes capable of transmitting malaria parasites. Seven subspecies have been described, ranging across Middle America and North America.
Anorostoma
Anorostoma is a genus of small flies in the family Heleomyzidae, established by Loew in 1862. The genus contains approximately 17 described species. Members of this family are commonly known as heleomyzid flies and are generally associated with decomposing organic matter.
Anorostoma alternans
Anorostoma alternans is a species of fly in the family Heleomyzidae, described by C.B.D. Garrett in 1925. It belongs to a genus of small flies associated with decomposing organic matter. The species has been documented through limited observations, with nine records on iNaturalist as of the available data.
Anorostoma cinereum
Anorostoma cinereum is a small fly species in the family Heleomyzidae, described by Charles Howard Curran in 1932. The specific epithet "cinereum" refers to an ash-gray coloration. Like other members of Heleomyzidae, this species is associated with decaying organic matter. It is known from limited observations, with 31 records documented on iNaturalist.
Anthomyia obscuripennis
Anthomyia obscuripennis is a species of root-maggot fly in the family Anthomyiidae, described by Bigot in 1886. It is recorded from the United States. As a member of Anthomyiidae, it likely develops in association with decaying organic matter or plant roots, though specific biological details remain poorly documented.
Anthomyia ochripes
Anthomyia ochripes is a species of root-maggot fly in the family Anthomyiidae, first described by Thomson in 1869. The species belongs to a genus whose larvae are commonly associated with decaying organic matter and plant roots. Adults are small to medium-sized flies with the general morphology characteristic of anthomyiid flies.
Anthomyiidae
root-maggot flies, kelp flies, anthomyiid flies
Anthomyiidae is a large family of Muscoidea flies commonly known as root-maggot flies or kelp flies. Most species are small to moderate in size with drab grey to black coloration, though some genera such as Pegomya are yellow and others display black-and-white or black-and-silvery-grey patterns. The family exhibits diverse larval habits: many feed in stems and roots of plants, some are scavengers in birds' nests, others are leaf miners, and a few are kleptoparasites or inquilines. Several species are significant agricultural pests, particularly in the genus Delia.
Anthomyza variegata
Anthomyza variegata is a species of small fly in the family Anthomyzidae, a family of acalyptrate Diptera. The species was originally described by Loew in 1863 under the basionym Anthophilina variegata. Anthomyzid flies are generally associated with decaying plant matter and fungi. The specific epithet 'variegata' suggests variable or patterned coloration, though detailed morphological descriptions are sparse in available literature. The family Anthomyzidae is a small group of flies with limited ecological documentation.
Anthomyza vulgaris
Anthomyza vulgaris is a species of small fly in the family Anthomyzidae, described by Roháček & Barber in 2016. The family Anthomyzidae comprises minute to small flies typically associated with wetland and riparian habitats. Species in this genus are generally poorly known ecologically, with limited published information on their biology and behavior.
Anthracini
Anthracini is a tribe of bee flies within the family Bombyliidae, subfamily Anthracinae. The tribe contains at least nine genera, with Anthrax being the most species-rich and well-studied. Members are primarily known as parasitoids, with larvae developing on or within host insects. The Australian fauna has been extensively revised, revealing substantial cryptic species diversity previously hidden under single species names.
Anthrax atriplex
Anthrax atriplex is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, described by Marston in 1970. Members of the genus Anthrax are parasitoid flies whose larvae develop on or within host insects. The genus is notably associated with tiger beetle larvae (Cicindelinae) and other ground-nesting insects. Adult bee flies typically visit flowers for nectar and serve as pollinators, though their larval biology involves parasitism of other arthropods.
Anthrax cintalpa
Anthrax cintalpa is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae. Like other members of the genus Anthrax, it is a parasitoid whose larvae develop on or within the bodies of other insects. The genus Anthrax is notable for including species that parasitize tiger beetle larvae (Cicindelidae), solitary bees, and other ground-nesting insects. Adults are typically seen visiting flowers for nectar.
Anthrax daphne
Anthrax daphne is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, described by Osten Sacken in 1886. As a member of the genus Anthrax, it likely shares the parasitoid lifestyle typical of the group, with larvae that attack immature stages of other insects. Adults are presumably nectar-feeding and may exhibit bee-mimicking appearance and behavior common to bee flies.
Anthrax irroratus
Spotted Bee Fly
Anthrax irroratus is a bee fly (family Bombyliidae) widespread across North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada to Central America and the Caribbean. Adults are pollinators that frequent flowers, while larvae are parasitoids of solitary bees and wasps in at least five families. The species is one of numerous bee flies that exploit ground-nesting Hymenoptera as hosts.
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striatipennis
Anthrax striatipennis is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, described by Marston in 1970. It is recorded from the southeastern United States. As a member of the genus Anthrax, it likely shares the parasitoid life history typical of the genus, where larvae develop as ectoparasites on other insects.
Anthrax vierecki
Anthrax vierecki is a species of bee fly in the family Bombyliidae, first described by Cresson in 1919. As a member of the genus Anthrax, it belongs to a group of parasitoid flies whose larvae are known to attack the larvae of other insects, including tiger beetles and solitary bees. The genus is characterized by distinctive wing venation and parasitic life history strategies.
Anticheta melanosoma
Anticheta melanosoma is a species of marsh fly in the family Sciomyzidae, described by Melander in 1920. The genus Anticheta belongs to the tribe Tetanocerini, a group known for larvae that are predators or parasitoids of freshwater snails. The specific epithet "melanosoma" refers to the dark body coloration characteristic of this species. Records indicate this species occurs in the northeastern United States, particularly Vermont.
Antissinae
Antissinae is a subfamily of soldier flies (Stratiomyidae) established by Kertész in 1908. The subfamily contains at least eight described genera, including Antissa, the type genus, and the more recently described Opaluma. Members of this subfamily are part of the diverse soldier fly radiation, though specific biological details remain poorly documented for many included taxa.
Apachekolos confusio
Arizona Pixie
Apachekolos confusio is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Martin in 1957. It is known by the common name 'Arizona Pixie'. As a member of the Asilidae, it belongs to a diverse family of predatory flies characterized by their robust build, strong flight capabilities, and aggressive hunting behavior. The genus Apachekolos is part of the North American robber fly fauna.
Apachekolos scapularis
Hairy-footed Pixie
Apachekolos scapularis is a species of robber fly (family Asilidae) described by Bigot in 1878. It was originally described as Leptogaster scapularis before being transferred to the genus Apachekolos. The species has been recorded from only a handful of observations, indicating it is either rare, poorly sampled, or restricted to specific habitats. As a member of the Asilidae, it is a predatory fly that likely hunts other insects.
Apachekolos tenuipes
Thin-legged Pixie
Apachekolos tenuipes is a species of robber fly in the family Asilidae, commonly known as the Thin-legged Pixie. It is a predatory dipteran that hunts other insects in flight. The species was first described by Hermann Loew in 1862 under the name Leptogaster tenuipes. Based on iNaturalist records, it has been documented in at least 39 observations.
Apagodiplosis
Apagodiplosis is a genus of gall midges (family Cecidomyiidae) established by Gagné in 1973. The genus contains a single described species, A. papyriferae. Gall midges in this family are small, delicate flies known for inducing plant galls during larval development.
Apallates coxendix
A small grass fly in the family Chloropidae, originally described as Oscinis coxendix by Fitch in 1856 and later transferred to the genus Apallates. The genus Apallates is a small group within the Oscinellinae, and species-level biology remains poorly documented. The specific epithet 'coxendix' refers to the coxal region of the leg. Known from very few observations.
Apallates neocoxendix
Apallates neocoxendix is a species of frit fly in the family Chloropidae, originally described as Oscinella neocoxendix by Sabrosky in 1940. It belongs to the genus Apallates, a small group of chloropid flies within the subfamily Oscinellinae. Very few observations of this species exist in public databases, suggesting it is either rare, undercollected, or restricted to specific habitats. The species is known from North America.
Aphaniosoma
Aphaniosoma is a genus of small flies in the family Chyromyidae, established by Becker in 1903. The genus is particularly diverse in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, with recent taxonomic work describing 19 new species from this region. Species-level identification relies on detailed examination of male genitalia and other subtle morphological characters.
Aphanotrigonum
Aphanotrigonum is a genus of frit flies in the family Chloropidae, established by Duda in 1932. The genus contains at least two described species: A. darlingtoniae and A. scabrum. These small flies belong to the subfamily Oscinellinae and tribe Incertellini.