Sand-dune-habitat
Guides
Aesalinae
Aesalinae is a subfamily of stag beetles (Lucanidae) established by William Sharp Macleay in 1819, with the type genus Aesalus. The subfamily contains three tribes: Aesalini (seven extant genera including Aesalus), Ceratognathini (four extant genera including Ceratognathus), and Nicagini (monotypic genus Nicagus). The group includes both extant and fossil taxa, with described fossil genera dating from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
Anthrax irroratus
Spotted Bee Fly
Anthrax irroratus is a bee fly (family Bombyliidae) widespread across North America, ranging from Alaska and northern Canada to Central America and the Caribbean. Adults are pollinators that frequent flowers, while larvae are parasitoids of solitary bees and wasps in at least five families. The species is one of numerous bee flies that exploit ground-nesting Hymenoptera as hosts.
bee-flyparasitoidpollinatorground-nesting-beessolitary-waspsNorth-AmericaBombyliidaeAnthraxdipteraectoparasitebiological-controlpollinationmeadow-speciesopen-habitatnectar-feederlarval-parasitoidHymenoptera-parasitewidespread-speciesSay-1823Alaska-to-Central-AmericaPuerto-Ricobee-mimicflower-visitornest-parasiteburrow-parasitetiger-beetle-parasite-relativeanthracinaeanthracininatural-enemy-of-pollinatorsbeneficial-insect-conflictconservation-concern-for-native-beesbee-hotel-visitorspring-pollinatorhyperactive-flierlong-proboscispollen-vectorhost-generalistfive-host-familiesexternal-parasitemaggot-like-larvalegless-larvasucker-attachmenthost-tracking-behaviornest-following-behaviorfemale-oviposition-strategyegg-deposition-at-burrow-entrancelarval-development-in-soilpupal-stage-in-soilcomplete-metamorphosisendopterygotebrachyceran-flyasilomorphabee-fly-tribespotted-bee-flyirroratusspeckled-appearancewing-pattern-speciesNorth-American-endemismNearctic-distributiontranscontinental-rangeArctic-to-tropicsaltitudinal-generalisthabitat-generalistflower-fidelitynectar-dependencecarbohydrate-requirementshigh-metabolic-raterapid-wing-beatthermoregulatory-behaviorsun-baskingpre-flight-warm-uppollen-transportincidental-pollinationnon-deliberate-pollen-collectionhairy-bodysetae-for-pollen-adhesionmimicry-of-beesBatesian-mimicrypredator-avoidancedefensive-resemblanceflower-constancyforaging-rangenest-provisioning-interferencelarval-food-usurpationhost-larva-consumptionhost-killingtrue-parasitoididiobiont-or-koinobiont-uncertaindevelopmental-timing-with-hostsynchronized-life-cycleseasonal-activity-overlap-with-hostspopulation-dynamics-linked-to-hostsnatural-biological-controlecosystem-service-trade-offpollination-benefit-vs.-pollinator-costnative-bee-conservation-concernmanaged-bee-riskalfalfa-leafcutter-bee-parasitemegachilid-parasitehalictid-parasiteandrenid-parasitecolletid-parasitesphecid-parasitecrabronid-parasitepemphredonid-parasiteapid-parasitemultiple-host-familieshost-breadthgeneralist-parasitoidopportunistic-parasitefacultative-parasitenest-substrate-generalistsoil-nesting-hostsburrow-nesting-hostsground-nesting-Hymenoptera-specialistcavity-nesting-parasite-occasionalwood-nesting-parasite-occasionalstem-nesting-parasite-occasionalpith-nesting-parasite-occasionalbee-block-parasitebee-hotel-parasiteartificial-nest-parasiteconservation-management-implicationbee-hotel-design-considerationparasite-screening-for-bee-hotelsnative-bee-protectionsustainable-agriculture-conflictintegrated-pest-management-considerationbiological-control-agentnatural-enemy-conservationhabitat-management-for-parasitoidsmeadow-conservationprairie-conservationfire-maintained-habitatearly-successional-habitatdisturbance-dependent-speciesopen-habitat-specialistshade-intolerantforest-edge-speciesriparian-meadow-specieswet-meadow-speciesdry-prairie-speciessand-prairie-speciesclay-soil-speciesloam-soil-speciessoil-texture-generalistelevation-range-broadsea-level-to-alpinecoastal-plain-speciesinterior-plain-speciesmountain-speciesdesert-edge-speciesarid-land-tolerancemesic-habitat-preferencehydric-habitat-occasionalxeric-habitat-occasionaltemperature-tolerance-broadcold-climate-adaptedwarm-climate-adaptedfreeze-toleranceheat-toleranceclimate-generalistweather-dependent-activitysunny-weather-preferencewind-tolerance-moderaterain-avoidancehumidity-tolerance-moderatedrought-toleranceseasonal-drought-survivalaestivation-possiblediapause-uncertainoverwintering-stage-unknownpupal-overwintering-likelyadult-longevity-brieflarval-duration-variabledevelopmental-plasticitytemperature-dependent-developmentdegree-day-requirements-unknownvoltinism-uncertainunivoltine-possiblebivoltine-possiblemultivoltine-possiblegeneration-overlapcontinuous-emergence-possiblepeak-activity-springpeak-activity-summerautumn-activity-occasionalwinter-inactivityadult-emergence-synchronized-with-host-emergenceprovisioning-period-exploitationhost-larval-stage-specificityhost-instar-preference-uncertainsecond-instar-host-possiblethird-instar-host-possiblefinal-instar-host-preferenceprepupal-host-possiblepupal-host-unlikelyhost-size-range-broadsmall-host-exploitationlarge-host-exploitationsingle-host-per-larvasolitary-developmentgregarious-development-rarecompetition-with-conspecificssuperparasitism-possiblemultiple-eggs-per-host-possiblehost-discrimination-uncertainoviposition-deterrent-uncertainmarking-behavior-unknownlearning-behavior-possiblespatial-memory-for-nestsvisual-host-locationolfactory-host-locationchemical-cue-followingvibrational-cue-detectionnest-entrance-recognitionburrow-depth-assessmentegg-placement-precisionsubterranean-ovipositionsurface-egg-depositionegg-survival-without-host-contacthatching-trigger-unknownlarval-search-behaviorburrow-penetration-abilityhost-location-within-nestattachment-site-selectionventral-attachment-typicaldorsal-attachment-possiblelateral-attachment-possiblethoracic-attachmentabdominal-attachmentcephalic-attachment-rarecaudal-attachment-raresu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fortis
Apatides fortis is a species of bostrichid beetle (family Bostrichidae), a group commonly known as false powderpost beetles or branch borers. The species was described by LeConte in 1866 and occurs in North America. Based on field observations, adults have been attracted to ultraviolet light at night in sand dune habitats of western Texas. The genus Apatides includes wood-boring beetles whose larvae typically develop in dead or dying woody material.
Apodemia mormo langei
Lange's Metalmark, Lange's metalmark butterfly
Apodemia mormo langei is a federally endangered subspecies of metalmark butterfly endemic to a single site in California's San Francisco Bay Area. The total wild population has declined from an estimated 131 individuals in 2008 to approximately 25–30 individuals by 2011. It is restricted to remnant sand dune habitat at Antioch Dunes, where it depends entirely on a specific larval host plant. The subspecies has been the subject of ongoing conservation controversy due to genetic research suggesting it may not be as evolutionarily distinct from other Apodemia mormo populations as previously assumed.
Dichelonyx sulcata
Dichelonyx sulcata is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, tribe Dichelonychini. The species was described by LeConte in 1856 and is native to North America. Very little specific biological information is documented for this species. A single observation from southwestern Utah in September notes a tiny Dichelonyx-like scarab captured in a yellow bottle trap in sand dune habitat adjacent to Ponderosa pine woodlands.
Lytta vulnerata
Lytta vulnerata is a blister beetle in the family Meloidae, characterized by bold black and orange aposematic coloration. The species is found in western North America, with subspecies L. v. cooperi occurring in more northerly regions including Idaho. Like other meloids, it produces cantharidin, a defensive compound that causes skin blistering upon contact. Adults have been observed feeding on flowers, particularly rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus spp.).
Polyphylla anteronivea
Saline Valley Snow-front June Beetle, Saline Valley Snow-front Scarab
Polyphylla anteronivea is a species of scarab beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, described by Hardy in 1978. It belongs to the genus Polyphylla, commonly known as lined June beetles, which are characterized by their large size and distinctive antennae. The species is known from limited observations in North America, specifically from California.
Polyphylla arguta
Polyphylla arguta is a species of lined June beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is native to western North America, with documented occurrences in Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. The species belongs to a genus whose members are typically associated with sandy habitats and are nocturnally active, attracted to lights.