Jumping-spider
Guides
Habronattus coecatus
Habronattus coecatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. The species occurs across North America, Mexico, and Bermuda. Males possess distinctive red scales on the clypeus and exhibit elaborate multimodal courtship involving both visual displays and vibratory signals. The species belongs to a genus known for complex courtship behaviors that have been described as among the most elaborate of any terrestrial invertebrate.
Habronattus cognatus
Habronattus cognatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, native to North America. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, males are known for elaborate courtship displays combining visual and acoustic signals. The genus is notable for having the third pair of legs modified for visual recognition by females during courtship. The species has been recorded from Alberta and Manitoba in Canada, with broader distribution across North America.
Habronattus cuspidatus
Habronattus cuspidatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Canada, with records from Alberta and Manitoba in Canada. Males of this species possess a distinctive large spur on the knee joint of the third leg, which is used in courtship displays. The species is part of the large Habronattus genus, which contains approximately 100 species and is known for elaborate multimodal courtship involving both visual and vibratory signals.
Habronattus decorus
beautiful ornamented jumping spider
Habronattus decorus is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by John Blackwall in 1846. Males display distinctive reddish abdominal patches covered with iridescent rose to bluish scales, while females lack this ornamentation and instead show dark brown stripes on a yellowish background. The species occurs across northern North America, with males measuring approximately 5 mm and females slightly larger at about 6.5 mm. Like other Habronattus species, males perform elaborate multimodal courtship displays combining visual signals with vibratory drumming.
Habronattus dorotheae
Habronattus dorotheae is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Gertsch and Mulaik in 1936. The genus Habronattus is one of the most diverse genera of jumping spiders in North America, with males typically exhibiting elaborate visual and acoustic courtship displays. As a member of this genus, H. dorotheae likely shares the characteristic ground-dwelling habits and complex mating behaviors that have made Habronattus a subject of extensive behavioral research. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Habronattus dossenus
A small jumping spider in the genus Habronattus, native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. Males are renowned for producing complex multimodal courtship displays combining visual signals with seismic (vibratory) signals generated by dorsoventral abdominal vibrations against the substrate. Signal efficacy varies dramatically by substrate type, with leaf litter providing the most favorable transmission environment compared to rocks or sand.
Habronattus elegans
Habronattus elegans is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, males are known for elaborate courtship displays involving visual signals and vibratory communication. The genus Habronattus is one of the most diverse groups of jumping spiders in North America, with approximately 100 species.
Habronattus fallax
Habronattus fallax is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae. Males and females exhibit distinct abdominal markings: females possess a stripe on the lower abdomen, while males display two spots. The species has been documented in the United States and Mexico.
Habronattus festus
jumping spider
Habronattus festus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the western United States. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision used for hunting and courtship. The genus is known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays involving both visual signals and vibratory drumming.
Habronattus formosus
Habronattus formosus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. The species was originally described as Pellenes formosus by Banks in 1906 before being transferred to the genus Habronattus. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision used for hunting and courtship. The genus Habronattus is known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays combining visual signals with vibratory drumming.
Habronattus forticulus
Habronattus forticulus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Gertsch & Mulaik in 1936. It belongs to a large genus of small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate courtship displays. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and Mexico, inhabiting prairie and open grassland habitats where it hunts actively using vision rather than building webs.
Habronattus georgiensis
Georgia Paradise Spider
Habronattus georgiensis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, known from the southeastern United States. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision characteristic of salticids. The species is part of a diverse North American genus noted for elaborate male courtship displays involving both visual and vibratory signals.
Habronattus geronimoi
Habronattus geronimoi is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Griswold in 1987. The genus Habronattus is a large group of small spiders with approximately 100 species, most occurring in North America with the remainder in the Neotropics. Maximum diversity is found in the southwestern United States. Members of this genus are ground-dwelling rather than arboreal and are known for elaborate courtship displays involving both visual and acoustic signals.
Habronattus gilaensis
Habronattus gilaensis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Maddison & Maddison in 2016. The genus Habronattus is notable for having approximately 100 species concentrated in North America, with the highest diversity in the southwestern United States. Members of this genus are small, ground-dwelling spiders with elaborate courtship behaviors involving both visual and acoustic signals.
Habronattus hallani
Habronattus hallani is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Richman in 1973. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision adapted for active hunting. The genus Habronattus is notable for having some of the most elaborate courtship displays among terrestrial invertebrates, combining complex visual signals with acoustic vibrations.
Habronattus hirsutus
Habronattus hirsutus is a species of jumping spider (family Salticidae) found in North America. It belongs to a large genus of small spiders renowned for elaborate courtship displays involving both visual and vibratory signals. Males of the genus Habronattus typically possess modified third legs used in mating rituals. The species name 'hirsutus' refers to hairy characteristics, though specific morphological details for this species are not well documented in available sources.
Habronattus jucundus
Habronattus jucundus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, occurring in the United States and Canada. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision adapted for active hunting. Males of Habronattus species are frequently noted for elaborate courtship displays combining visual and vibratory signals. The species was described in 1909 by G.W. and E.G. Peckham, prominent early American arachnologists.
Habronattus kawini
Habronattus kawini is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It was originally described as Pellenes kawini by Griswold in 1979 and later transferred to the genus Habronattus. The species is part of a large genus of small, ground-dwelling jumping spiders known for elaborate courtship displays. Like other Habronattus species, it is presumed to be a visual hunter with acute eyesight characteristic of salticids.
Habronattus klauseri
Habronattus klauseri is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Peckham & Peckham in 1901. The genus Habronattus contains approximately 100 species, with the greatest diversity in southwestern North America. Members of this genus are small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays combining visual signals and acoustic vibrations. H. klauseri occurs in the western United States and Mexico.
Habronattus luminosus
Habronattus luminosus is a jumping spider species in the family Salticidae, described by Maddison in 2017. The genus Habronattus comprises approximately 100 species distributed primarily in North America, with the highest diversity in the southwestern United States. Members of this genus are small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays combining visual and acoustic signals.
Habronattus mexicanus
Habronattus mexicanus is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described from Mexico in 1896. It is the type species of the genus Habronattus. The species is notable for having one of the most complex courtship displays among animals, involving sophisticated multimodal communication combining visual signals with vibratory song patterns. Originally described as restricted to Mexico, subsequent taxonomic revisions in 1987 consolidated several related species, greatly expanding its known range across North and Central America and the Caribbean.
Habronattus moratus
Habronattus moratus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It was first described by Gertsch and Mulaik in 1936. The species is found in Texas and northern Mexico. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision adapted for active hunting.
Habronattus mustaciata
Habronattus mustaciata is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. The genus Habronattus comprises approximately 100 species, with most occurring in North America and the remainder in the Neotropics. Members of this genus are typically small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays involving both visual and vibratory signals. The specific epithet "mustaciata" suggests a distinctive facial feature, likely referring to prominent markings or setae on the clypeus or chelicerae region.
Habronattus notialis
eyebrowed jumper
Habronattus notialis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Griswold in 1987. It is commonly known as the eyebrowed jumper. The species belongs to a large genus of small, visually-oriented spiders known for elaborate courtship displays. It is found in the United States, with observations documented through iNaturalist and other biodiversity platforms.
Habronattus ocala
Ocala Paradise Spider, ocala jumper
Habronattus ocala is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Griswold in 1987. It belongs to the large genus Habronattus, which contains approximately 100 species primarily distributed in North America and the neotropics. The species is known from the United States, with the specific epithet suggesting a connection to the Ocala region of Florida. Like other Habronattus species, males likely exhibit elaborate courtship displays involving visual and vibratory signals.
Habronattus ophrys
Habronattus ophrys is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Griswold in 1987. The species is known from the United States. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision characteristic of salticids. Males of the genus typically display elaborate courtship behaviors involving visual and vibratory signals.
Habronattus orbus
Habronattus orbus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Griswold in 1987. It belongs to a large genus of small, primarily North American jumping spiders known for elaborate male courtship displays. Like other Habronattus species, it is likely ground-dwelling and hunts using acute vision rather than webs. The species is recorded from the United States.
Habronattus oregonensis
Oregon Paradise Spider
Habronattus oregonensis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described in 1888 by the Peckhams. As a member of the large genus Habronattus, it shares the group's characteristic elaborate courtship behaviors involving multimodal communication. The species occurs across western North America from Canada through the United States to Mexico. Like other Habronattus species, males likely possess modified third legs used in visual displays during courtship, though species-specific details for H. oregonensis require further documentation.
Habronattus pugillis
Habronattus pugillis is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Griswold in 1987. It belongs to a large genus of small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate courtship displays. The species occurs in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Like other Habronattus species, males likely possess modified third legs used in visual courtship signaling, though specific details for this species remain poorly documented.
Habronattus pyrrithrix
Habronattus pyrrithrix is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, native to the southwestern United States and western Mexico. Males display striking sexual dimorphism with bright red facial coloration and green legs used in complex multimodal courtship displays, while females are larger with cryptic brown and grey coloration. The species exhibits trichromatic vision and uses color cues when foraging, actively avoiding red and yellow prey that may signal chemical defenses. Males employ visual, vibratory, and seismic signals during courtship to reduce female aggression and cannibalism risk.
Habronattus sansoni
Habronattus sansoni is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It occurs in the United States and Canada. Males are smaller than females and engage in multiple courtships with different partners, while females typically mate only once. The species was originally described as Pellenes sansoni by Emerton in 1915.
Habronattus schlingeri
Habronattus schlingeri is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Griswold in 1979. It occurs in the United States and Mexico. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision and elaborate courtship behavior. The genus is notable for having some of the most complex multimodal courtship displays among terrestrial invertebrates.
Habronattus signatus
Habronattus signatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico. As a member of the genus Habronattus, it belongs to a diverse group of small, ground-dwelling jumping spiders known for elaborate courtship displays. The genus is particularly diverse in the southwestern United States.
Habronattus sugillatus
Habronattus sugillatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Griswold in 1987. Like other members of its genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision characteristic of salticids. The genus Habronattus is notable for having some of the most elaborate courtship displays among terrestrial invertebrates, involving complex multimodal signals combining visual and vibratory components. This species occurs in the southwestern United States and Mexico.
Habronattus tarsalis
lagoon spider
Habronattus tarsalis is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, commonly known as the lagoon spider. The species is native to the United States and has been introduced to Hawaii. As a member of the large genus Habronattus, it shares the group's characteristic elaborate courtship behaviors involving visual and vibratory signals.
Habronattus tranquillus
Habronattus tranquillus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It occurs in the United States and Mexico. As a member of the large genus Habronattus, it shares the characteristic jumping spider traits of acute vision and active hunting behavior. The genus is known for complex multimodal courtship displays in males, combining visual signals with vibratory drumming.
Habronattus trimaculatus
Three-spotted Paradise Spider
Habronattus trimaculatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, endemic to peninsular Florida. Like other members of the genus Habronattus, males likely possess elaborate courtship displays combining visual and vibratory signals. The species name 'trimaculatus' (three-spotted) refers to a presumed diagnostic color pattern.
Habronattus tuberculatus
A species of jumping spider in the genus Habronattus, first described from Texas in 1936. Like other members of this genus, it is a small, ground-dwelling spider with acute vision and elaborate courtship behavior. The specific epithet 'tuberculatus' refers to tuberculate (bumpy or knobbed) features, likely on the body or legs.
Habronattus ustulatus
Habronattus ustulatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico. As a member of the genus Habronattus, it belongs to a diverse group of small, ground-dwelling jumping spiders known for elaborate male courtship displays.
Habronattus virgulatus
Habronattus virgulatus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, first described by Griswold in 1987. The genus Habronattus comprises approximately 100 species, most occurring in North America with high diversity in the southwestern United States. Members of this genus are small, ground-dwelling spiders known for elaborate multimodal courtship displays involving both visual and acoustic signals.
Habronattus viridipes
Green-footed Jumping Spider
Habronattus viridipes is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, distributed across eastern North America. Males are distinguished by bright green coloration on their front legs, which they use in visual courtship displays. The species exhibits complex multimodal mating behavior involving both visual signals and vibratory communication. First described by Hentz in 1846, this species is part of a genus renowned for elaborate courtship rituals.
Hakka
Hakka is a monotypic genus of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) established by Berry & Prószyński in 2001. The genus contains a single species, Hakka himeshimensis, native to East Asia with introduced populations in the United States. These spiders inhabit rocky coastal environments and possess the characteristic visual acuity and saltatory locomotion typical of salticids.
Hakka himeshimensis
Hakka himeshimensis is a small jumping spider (Salticidae) native to East Asia and introduced to the eastern United States, likely via maritime shipping. It is the sole species in the monotypic genus Hakka. Both sexes measure approximately 7 mm in body length with uniformly dark brown coloration. The species shows a strong preference for rocky coastal habitats.
Hasarius adansoni
Adanson's house jumper
Hasarius adansoni is a small jumping spider (Salticidae) with pronounced sexual dimorphism. Females reach 8 mm, males 6 mm. Males display distinctive black coloration with a red facial 'mask', white pedipalps, and iridescent white markings on the abdomen. The species is strongly associated with human structures across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, and has been introduced to temperate areas via greenhouses. It constructs silk retreats at night, approximately twice its body length.
Hentzia alamosa
Hentzia alamosa is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae, described by Richman in 2010. The species is currently known only from Texas in the United States. As a member of the genus Hentzia, it belongs to a group of diminutive jumping spiders characterized by sexually dimorphic morphology, particularly enlarged and often darkened front legs in males. Very little is known about its specific biology or ecology.
Hentzia mitrata
White-jawed Jumping Spider
Hentzia mitrata, commonly known as the white-jawed jumping spider, is a small jumping spider species in the family Salticidae. The species was first described by Nicholas Marcellus Hentz in 1846 and has undergone several taxonomic revisions, with multiple synonyms now synonymized under the current name. It is widely distributed across eastern North America, from southeastern Canada through the eastern United States to Nebraska, with additional records from the Bahamas. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size, with females slightly larger than males, and displays distinctive coloration patterns on the cephalothorax and abdomen.
Hentzia palmarum
common hentz jumper, common Hentz jumping spider
Hentzia palmarum is a small jumping spider in the family Salticidae, commonly known as the common hentz jumper. Males possess conspicuously enlarged and darkened front legs that function in visual signaling during courtship and male-male agonistic interactions. The species occurs across North America and has been introduced to Bermuda, the Bahamas, and Cuba.
Hyetussa alternata
A small jumping spider species in the family Salticidae, originally described by Gertsch in 1936. Recorded from the United States, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain sparse in published literature.
Icius
Striking Jumping Spiders
Icius is a genus of jumping spiders (Salticidae) established by Eugène Simon in 1876. The genus contains 49 recognized species as of October 2025 and has been assigned the common name "Striking Jumping Spiders." It exhibits an almost cosmopolitan distribution, with particular prevalence in Europe and records extending across Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Recent taxonomic work has focused on morphological characterization of individual species, including detailed scanning electron microscopy of reproductive structures.
Icius subinermis
Icius subinermis is a jumping spider native to the western Mediterranean region. It shows sexual dimorphism in coloration. The species favors moist habitats near water sources, where it constructs silken retreats in vegetation or under rocks. It has been introduced to several locations outside its native range, including greenhouses in Germany and an established population in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.