Lepidoptera

  • Monarch Butterflies and their extraordinary migration
    At first glance, the monarch butterfly seems built for beauty, not endurance. Its paper-thin wings look like they could tear in a strong breeze, and its delicate body appears better suited for floating between flowers than crossing continents. Yet these seemingly fragile creatures pull off one of nature's most incredible feats: a 3,000-mile migration. Just like geese, caribou, and senior citizens, they undertake this migration to avoid the harsh winters of the north.
  • Atlas Moths
    Explore the captivating world of Atlas moths, the majestic giants of the moth kingdom, renowned for their immense wingspan and striking appearance. Delve into their fascinating physical characteristics, behaviors, life cycle, habitat preferences, and conservation status.

Guides

  • Decinea

    Decinea is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae, established by Evans in 1955. The genus contains approximately twelve recognized species distributed in the Neotropical region. Several species formerly placed in Decinea have been transferred to other genera including Lindra, Oligoria, and Testia based on revised taxonomy.

  • Decodes fragariana

    Decodes fragariana is a species of tortricid moth in the tribe Cnephasiini. Originally described by Busck in 1919 as Tortricodes fragariana, it was later transferred to the genus Decodes. The species is a member of the large family Tortricidae, which includes many economically significant agricultural pests. As a tortricine moth, it likely exhibits the characteristic bell-shaped resting posture with wings folded roof-like over the abdomen.

  • Decodes helix

    Decodes helix is a species of tortricid moth described by Powell & Brown in 1998. It belongs to the family Tortricidae, a large group of small moths commonly known as leafroller moths. The genus Decodes is part of the tribe Cnephasiini within the subfamily Tortricinae. Very little specific information is documented about this species.

  • Decodes macdunnoughi

    Decodes macdunnoughi is a species of tortricid moth in the tribe Cnephasiini, described by Jerry A. Powell in 1980. The genus Decodes contains approximately 20 described species distributed primarily in western North America. As a member of the leafroller moth family Tortricidae, this species likely exhibits the typical resting posture with wings held roof-like over the body.

  • Deuterollyta

    Deuterollyta is a genus of snout moths (family Pyralidae) in the subfamily Epipaschiinae, established by Lederer in 1863. It belongs to the diverse pyraloid moth fauna, with approximately 161 iNaturalist observations indicating moderate documentation. The genus is currently accepted in taxonomic databases.

  • Diachorisia

    Diachorisia is a genus of small moths first described by Clemens in 1860. The genus is classified within the family Meessiidae, though it has historically been placed in Tineidae. It contains multiple species distributed primarily in North America. The genus is documented through over 1,000 observations on iNaturalist, indicating it is relatively well-recorded for a small moth group.

  • Diacme

    Diacme is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, subfamily Spilomelinae. The genus was established by Warren in 1892 and contains approximately 10 described species. Species within this genus are distributed in North America and parts of the Neotropics. The genus includes species such as Diacme adipaloides, D. elealis, and D. mopsalis.

  • Diaphania costata

    Orange-shouldered Sherbet Moth, White Palpita Moth

    Diaphania costata is a small moth in the family Crambidae, first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1794. It is notable for its translucent white wings with a distinctive gold line along the leading edge of the forewing. The species has an exceptionally wide distribution, occurring naturally across the Indomalayan realm and Europe, with introduced populations established in Mexico and Texas. Adults are active and can be found year-round in suitable climates, with wingspans under 20 mm.

  • Diaphania modialis

    Cucumberworm Moth

    Diaphania modialis is a crambid moth commonly known as the Cucumberworm Moth. It belongs to a genus whose larvae are significant agricultural pests, particularly of cucurbit crops. The species was described by Dyar in 1912 and occurs in the Americas.

  • Diastema

    Diastema is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae, subfamily Condicinae. The genus was erected by Achille Guenée in 1852. These moths are part of the diverse owlet moth fauna, with species distributed across various regions. The genus name Diastema is derived from Greek, meaning 'space' or 'interval', though the biological significance of this naming in reference to moth morphology is not documented in available sources.

  • Diastema leo

    Diastema leo is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, subfamily Condicinae, described by Troubridge in 2020. The genus Diastema belongs to a diverse group of noctuid moths found primarily in the Americas. As a recently described species, detailed ecological and biological information remains limited.

  • Diastema tigris

    Lantana Moth, Lantana Control Moth

    Diastema tigris is a small noctuid moth with a wingspan of approximately 25 mm. Native to Florida and Texas, it has been widely introduced across tropical and subtropical regions as a biological control agent targeting the invasive weed Lantana camara. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. Its common name, 'lantana moth,' directly reflects its specialized larval association with this host plant.

  • Diastictis sperryorum

    Diastictis sperryorum is a small crambid moth with a wingspan of 22–25 mm, characterized by brown wings with scattered white dots. First described by Canadian entomologist Eugene Munroe in 1956, this species is primarily found in California with scattered records across the southwestern United States. Adults are active from February through August.

  • Diatraea lisetta

    Dotted Diatraea

    Diatraea lisetta is a moth in the family Crambidae, described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1909. It belongs to the genus Diatraea, which includes several stalk-boring pest species of grasses. The species has been recorded from Panama, Mexico, and multiple southeastern and mid-Atlantic states in the United States. As a member of the Diatraea genus, it likely shares the general biology of related stalk borers, though specific ecological details for this species are poorly documented.

  • Diatraea saccharalis

    sugarcane borer, sugar-cane borer

    Diatraea saccharalis, commonly known as the sugarcane borer, is a moth in the family Crambidae native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1794 and has since become a significant agricultural pest. It was introduced to Louisiana around 1855 and has subsequently spread throughout the Gulf Coast states of the United States. The larvae are particularly destructive to sugarcane, but also attack corn, rice, sorghum, and various grass species.

  • Dichagyris arabella

    cutworm, dart moth

    Dichagyris arabella is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Dyar in 1901. It is classified within the subfamily Noctuinae and is native to North America. The species has been documented through limited observations, with 14 records on iNaturalist. Like other members of the genus Dichagyris, it is likely nocturnal and associated with open habitats.

  • Dichagyris socorro

    Socorro cutworm moth, Socorro dart moth

    Dichagyris socorro is a noctuid moth species described by William Barnes in 1904. It belongs to the cutworm or dart moth group within the family Noctuidae. The species is known from North America, with records from the southwestern United States including New Mexico. It is assigned MONA/Hodges number 10874. The specific epithet 'socorro' likely refers to Socorro, New Mexico, a location within its documented range.

  • Dichomeris acuminatus

    Alfalfa Leaf Tier, Alfalfa Leaftier Moth

    Dichomeris acuminatus is a small moth in the family Gelechiidae, commonly known as the alfalfa leaf tier. It has an exceptionally broad distribution spanning multiple continents including Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Americas. The species was first described by Otto Staudinger in 1876. Despite its common name suggesting association with alfalfa, the species appears to be a generalist with a wide ecological tolerance given its cosmopolitan range.

  • Dichomeris bilobella

    Bilobed Dichomeris Moth

    Dichomeris bilobella is a small gelechiid moth with a wingspan of approximately 15 mm. It occurs across eastern and central North America from Nova Scotia to eastern Kansas. Adults are active from May through August. The larvae are leaf-feeders on goldenrods (Solidago) and asters (Aster).

  • Dichomeris mulsa

    Dichomeris mulsa is a species of gelechiid moth described by Ronald W. Hodges in 1986. It is known from limited localities in the southwestern United States and Mexico. The species belongs to the large genus Dichomeris, which contains numerous small moths with varied host plant associations. Available records indicate this species remains poorly collected and documented.

  • Dichorda illustraria

    emerald moth

    Dichorda illustraria is a species of emerald moth in the family Geometridae. The species is distributed across Central America and North America. It was first described by Hulst in 1886 under the basionym Geometra illustraria. As a member of the Geometrinae subfamily, it exhibits the characteristic green coloration typical of emerald moths.

  • Dichordophorini

    Dichordophorini is a tribe of moths within the family Geometridae. The tribe contains the genus Dichordophora and related taxa. Members are geometrid moths, commonly known as inchworms or loopers due to the characteristic larval locomotion. The tribe is part of the diverse Geometridae family, one of the largest families of Lepidoptera.

  • Dichrorampha acuminatana

    Sharp-winged Drill

    Dichrorampha acuminatana is a small tortricid moth with a wingspan of 10–15 mm, found across Europe and the Near East. The species exhibits distinctive wing patterns with dark fuscous ground color, purplish tints, and ochreous irroration. Adults are active from May to September, with larvae feeding on Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy) and Tanacetum vulgare (tansy). The species has been well-documented in Belgium and the Netherlands, with over 2,000 iNaturalist observations.

  • Dichrorampha caribe

    Dichrorampha caribe is a species of tortricid moth described by Brown in 2020. It belongs to the genus Dichrorampha, a group of small leaf-roller moths within the family Tortricidae. The specific epithet "caribe" suggests a Caribbean association, though detailed information about this species remains limited in available sources. Like other members of its genus, it is likely a small moth with typical tortricid morphology.

  • Dichrorampha flinti

    Dichrorampha flinti is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, first described by Razowski in 2011. It belongs to the genus Dichrorampha, a group of small moths commonly known as leaf-rollers. The species is part of the diverse Lepidoptera fauna that inhabits various regions, though specific details about its biology and distribution remain limited in available literature. As with many recently described tortricid species, further research is needed to fully understand its ecological requirements and life history.

  • Dichrorampha leopardana

    Dichrorampha leopardana is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae, tribe Grapholitini. It was described by Busck in 1906. The genus Dichrorampha contains numerous small moths, many of which are associated with alpine and montane habitats. Related species in this genus have been subjects of recent taxonomic revision due to cryptic diversity and long-standing confusion with similar species.

  • Dichrorampha manilkara

    Dichrorampha manilkara is a species of tortricid moth in the family Tortricidae, subfamily Olethreutinae, and tribe Grapholitini. It was described by Heppner in 1981. The genus Dichrorampha comprises small moths commonly known as leaf-roller moths, many of which are associated with specific host plants. This species belongs to a taxonomically complex genus where species identification often requires examination of genitalia morphology and genetic analysis.

  • Dichrorampha simulana

    A small tortricid moth species described by Clemens in 1860, originally placed in the genus Halonota. Records indicate occurrence in the northeastern United States, specifically Vermont. As a member of the genus Dichrorampha, it belongs to a group of small leaf-roller moths whose larvae typically develop within plant tissues.

  • Dicranurinae

    Dicranurinae is a subfamily of prominent moths within the family Notodontidae, order Lepidoptera. The subfamily was established by Duponchel in 1845. Members are characterized by distinctive larval morphology, including modified head structures and often prominent anal processes. The group is primarily distributed in the Palearctic and Oriental regions, with some representation in other biogeographic realms.

  • Digitivalva clarkei

    Digitivalva clarkei is a species of moth in the family Glyphipterigidae, first described by Gaedike in 1984. It belongs to the subfamily Acrolepiinae, a group of small moths commonly known as false diamondback moths. The genus Digitivalva is characterized by distinctive wing patterns and is primarily associated with herbaceous host plants. Specific biological details about this species remain limited in published literature.

  • Dioryctria gulosella

    Snout moth

    Dioryctria gulosella is a small snout moth in the family Pyralidae, described by George Duryea Hulst in 1890. The species is known from the western United States, with records from Colorado, New Mexico, and California. Like other members of its genus, it is likely associated with coniferous habitats. Adults have a wingspan of 21–27 mm.

  • Diploschizia habecki

    Diploschizia habecki is a species of sedge moth in the family Glyphipterigidae, described by John B. Heppner in 1981. It belongs to a genus of small moths commonly known as sedge moths. The species is documented from the southeastern United States, specifically from southern Georgia to central Florida. As a member of this genus, it is likely associated with wetland or moist habitats where sedges grow, though specific ecological details remain poorly documented.

  • Discestra

    Discestra is a genus of moths established by Hampson in 1905 within the family Noctuidae. Current taxonomic consensus treats Discestra as a synonym of Anarta, rendering the name invalid for formal classification. The genus was historically recognized within the subfamily Noctuinae and tribe Hadenini. Records associated with this name have been documented from parts of Europe and North America.

  • Doa

    Doa is a genus of moths in the family Doidae, established by Neumoegen and Dyar in 1894. The genus belongs to the superfamily Drepanoidea and contains species found in North America. Doidae is a small family of moths formerly treated as a subfamily of Drepanidae, recognized as a distinct family based on morphological and molecular evidence.

  • Donacaula n-sp-nine

    Donacaula n-sp-nine is an undescribed species in the grass moth genus Donacaula, family Crambidae. Species in this genus are generally associated with marshy or wetland habitats and their larvae typically feed on monocotyledonous plants, particularly sedges and grasses. The specific epithet "n-sp-nine" indicates this is an informal designation used prior to formal species description.

  • Doryodes acta

    Doryodes acta is a moth species in the family Erebidae, subfamily Erebinae, described by Troubridge in 2020. The genus Doryodes is part of a diverse group of noctuid-like moths within the superfamily Noctuoidea. As a recently described species, detailed information about its biology and ecology remains limited.

  • Doryodes fulva

    Doryodes fulva is a species of moth in the family Erebidae, described by Troubridge in 2020. It belongs to the genus Doryodes, which comprises species of noctuid-like moths. The specific epithet 'fulva' refers to the tawny or yellowish-brown coloration typical of many species in this genus. As a recently described species, detailed biological information remains limited.

  • Drasteria

    Drasteria is a genus of owlet moths in the family Erebidae. Species in this genus are known for their concealed brightly-colored hindwings, which they flash as a startle defense against predators. The genus includes multiple species distributed across North America and other regions, with some taxonomic revisions having occurred in recent decades.

  • Drasteria edwardsii

    A moth in the family Erebidae found along the Pacific coast of North America from Washington through Oregon to California. Adults are active in late summer and fall, with bright coloration on the hindwings that is concealed at rest and flashed as a startle defense. The species is named in honor of Henry Edwards, a prominent 19th-century entomologist.

  • Drasteria fumosa

    Smoky Arches

    Drasteria fumosa, known as the Smoky Arches, is a moth species in the family Erebidae. Adults have a wingspan of 34–43 mm and are active during summer months. The species was first described by Herman Strecker in 1898.

  • Drasteria graphica

    Graphic Moth, Coastal Graphic

    Drasteria graphica is a day-flying moth in the family Erebidae, found in coastal dune habitats along the Atlantic seaboard and Great Lakes shores. Adults have a wingspan of 30–35 mm and are active from May to August. The subspecies D. g. atlantica is listed as threatened in Connecticut.

  • Drasteria inepta

    Inept Drasteria, Inept Graphic

    Drasteria inepta is a moth in the family Erebidae, first described by Edwards in 1881. It is a medium-sized moth with a wingspan of 35–43 mm. Adults are active from spring through summer across the southwestern United States.

  • Drepanidae

    Hooktip and False Owlet Moths, hook-tip moths

    Drepanidae is a family of moths comprising approximately 660 described species worldwide. The family is divided into three subfamilies—Drepaninae (hook-tips), Thyatirinae (false owlets), and Cyclidiinae—which share a distinctive type of hearing organ. Many species exhibit a characteristic hook-shaped apex on the forewing, the trait responsible for their common name. The larvae are notable for their tapered, pointed posterior and a resting posture with both head and tail elevated.

  • Drepaninae

    Hooktip Moths

    Drepaninae is the largest subfamily of Drepanidae moths, commonly known as hooktip moths. The subfamily is traditionally divided into two tribes, Drepanini and Oretini, though its internal systematics and phylogeny remain unresolved. The group exhibits considerable morphological diversity, with many species displaying cryptic coloration that provides camouflage against bark and wood surfaces. Species identification frequently requires examination of genitalia due to external similarities between closely related taxa.

  • Drepanoidea

    Hooktip Moths and Allies, hook tip moths

    Drepanoidea is a superfamily of Lepidoptera comprising approximately 1,000 species commonly known as hooktip moths and allies. The group includes the families Drepanidae (hooktip moths), Eupterotidae, and Bombycidae, though family-level composition varies among classifications. Members are characterized by distinctive wing shapes and are primarily nocturnal. The superfamily has been subject to significant taxonomic revision, with relationships to Geometroidea remaining a focus of phylogenetic research.

  • Dudusinae

    Dudusinae is a subfamily of moths within the family Notodontidae (prominent moths), established by Matsumura in 1929. Members of this subfamily are primarily distributed in the Indo-Pacific region, with significant diversity in Southeast Asia and surrounding areas. The subfamily is characterized by specific morphological features of the adult moths, particularly in wing venation and genitalia structure.

  • Duponchelia

    European pepper moth (D. fovealis)

    Duponchelia is a genus of snout moths (family Crambidae) established by Zeller in 1847. The genus contains at least five described species, with Duponchelia fovealis being the most economically significant and widely studied. D. fovealis, commonly known as the European pepper moth, has become a major invasive pest of protected crops, particularly strawberries, across multiple continents. The genus is characterized by its association with diverse host plants and its importance in agricultural pest management research.

  • Dysstroma mancipata hulstata

    Dysstroma mancipata hulstata is a subspecies of carpet moth in the family Geometridae, described by Taylor in 1907. It belongs to a genus of moths commonly known as carpets or carpet moths, characterized by cryptic coloration and larvae that feed on various plants. The subspecies is recognized as distinct from the nominate form D. m. mancipata, though specific distinguishing features are not well documented in available literature. As with many geometrid subspecies, its validity and boundaries may require further taxonomic study.

  • Eana

    Eana is a genus of tortrix moths in the family Tortricidae, tribe Cnephasiini. The genus was established by Billberg in 1820 and contains multiple species distributed across northern Europe. These moths are small to medium-sized with characteristic wing patterns typical of the Tortricinae subfamily. The genus is documented in entomological collections and biodiversity databases with over 2,000 observation records.

  • Eantis pallida

    Pale Sicklewing

    Eantis pallida is a skipper butterfly (family Hesperiidae) commonly known as the Pale Sicklewing. The species was first described by Felder in 1869 and has undergone taxonomic revisions, with some authorities placing it in the genus Achlyodes. It occurs in the Americas, with documented presence in Colombia and North America. The common name refers to the characteristic sickle-shaped wing appearance typical of this group.