Neanuridae

Guides

Americanura bara
Americanura bara is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, described by K. Christiansen and P. Bellinger in 1980. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group of springtails characterized by their relatively short bodies and reduced furcula. The species is part of the genus Americanura, which contains several North American species. Distribution records indicate presence in northern and southern North America.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae North-America soil-fauna decomposer
Anurida
Anurida is a genus of springtails (Collembola) in the family Neanuridae, established in 1865 by Laboulbène. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution with species occupying diverse habitats including intertidal marine zones, river floodplains, riparian areas, and forest ecosystems. Well-studied species include the intertidal specialist Anurida maritima, which exhibits complex tidal-entrained behaviors, and the terrestrial A. granaria, which has documented mycophagous associations. The genus shows notable morphological diversity in chaetotaxy and eye reduction, with some species groups exhibiting cryptic genetic divergence despite morphological similarity.
Collembola springtails intertidal tidal-behavior cryptic-species endosymbionts Wolbachia Spiroplasma diapause univoltine mycophagy chaetotaxy Neanuridae cosmopolitan-distribution circatidal-rhythm egg-diapause salt-marsh river-floodplain riparian-zone forest-habitat Beringian-fauna genetic-divergence-without-morphological-change tidal-entrainment aggregation-behavior sexual-dimorphism-in-foraging starvation-mortality holometabolous-like-development setal-reduction ocelli-reduction hammerae-group Anurida-maritima-species-group Laboulbène-1865 Poduromorpha Neanurinae Pseudachorutinae terrestrial marine-intertidal freshwater-riparian nutrient-cycling organic-matter-decomposition fungal-dispersal apothecia-feeding clay-wall-nests air-filled-cavities tidal-refuge weather-dependent-activity temperature-dependent-diapause-termination mitochondrial-genome-divergence ancient-circatidal-behavior cytoplasmic-incompatibility male-killing Type-V-cif-genes genome-wide-differentiation Pool-seq-phylogenomics Holarctic-distribution temperate-zone-adaptation overwintering-eggs autumn-mortality physiological-stress foraging-efficiency low-temperature-limitation tidal-inundation-response behavioral-synchronization nest-construction sexual-reproduction colonial-aggregation fungal-association Peziza-arvernensis riverina granaria octoculata hirsuta elegans reducta narli bisetosa Vladivostok-Botanical-Garden Primorsky-Krai Poland Southern-Brazil North-western-Europe United-Kingdom The-Netherlands Andean Arctic Sub-arctic Cape Caribbean Central-Australia coniferous-broadleaved-forest protected-forest vertical-clay-walls creek-walls salt-marsh-foraging marsh-wandering nest-marsh-exchange molting-refuge egg-deposition-sites sexually-mature-aggregation hibernating-eggs spring-hatching summer-egg-laying autumn-diapause-termination winter-development-suppression adult-death starvation-risk glycogen-depletion lipid-depletion body-size-decline sluggishness-at-low-temperature limited-low-water-period temperate-survival-strategy cosmopolitan-species-with-local-adaptation genetic-crosses-needed sex-ratio-studies-needed endosymbiont-effects-unknown reproductive-manipulation-potential selfish-genetic-elements maternal-inheritance phylogenomic-analysis single-copy-orthologous-genes nuclear-genome-divergence mitochondrial-lineage-association species-group-concept morphological-stasis evolutionary-divergence systematic-revision-needed tribe-validity Neanurinae-subdivision Pseudachorutinae-placement higher-rank-taxonomy-match GBIF-records iNaturalist-observations Catalogue-of-Life-acceptance NCBI-taxonomy Entognatha Hexapoda Eukaryota Metazoa Animalia Arthropoda springtail-biodiversity soil-mesofauna intertidal-invertebrate marine-terrestrial-transition-zone estuarine-ecology tidal-flat-ecology floodplain-ecology riparian-ecology forest-floor-ecology mycophagous-collembolan fungal-feeding-springtail nutrient-cycler decomposer detritivore organic-matter-processor ecosystem-engineer-(nest-construction)microhabitat-specialist habitat-partition sexual-dimorphism behavioral-plasticity environmental-cue-response phototaxis-modification thermotaxis-response hydrotaxis-response aggregation-pheromone-(inferred)social-behavior-(colonial)reproductive-behavior courtship oviposition-site-selection egg-guarding-(absent)diapause-evolution life-history-strategy univoltinism semelparity-(effective)annual-life-cycle seasonal-polyphenism-(absent)developmental-arrest cold-requirement-for-development temperature-threshold 5°C-diapause-termination spring-warming-trigger phenology population-dynamics demography mortality-factor starvation environmental-stress climate-sensitivity habitat-specificity endemism-(some-species)cryptic-biodiversity molecular-taxonomy integrative-taxonomy phylogeography population-genetics genomic-resources Wolbachia-genome Spiroplasma-genome bacterial-endosymbiosis host-microbe-interaction reproductive-parasitism mutualism-(unknown)commensalism-(unknown)symbiont-phylogeny horizontal-gene-transfer-(absent-in-data)prophage-genes cif-gene-evolution Type-V-clade male-killing-gene-absence CI-gene-presence wmk-gene-presence SpAID-absence bacterial-genome-reduction-(inferred)host-adaptation coevolution symbiont-sharing-between-host-lineages genetic-divergence-with-symbiont-sharing speciation-mechanism reproductive-isolation cytoplasmic-incompatibility-as-speciation-driver-(unlikely-given-identical-cif-sequences)alternative-speciation-mechanisms ecological-speciation behavioral-isolation habitat-isolation temporal-isolation geographic-isolation allopatric-divergence parapatric-divergence sympatric-divergence-(possible)cryptic-species-identification-challenge morphological-taxonomy-limitations molecular-systematics-necessity DNA-barcoding genome-skimming Pool-seq phylogenomic-inference species-delimitation integrative-species-concept operational-taxonomic-unit evolutionary-significant-unit conservation-unit biodiversity-assessment faunistics biogeography dispersal-ability passive-dispersal active-dispersal habitat-fidelity site-fidelity nest-fidelity philopatry-(inferred)population-structure gene-flow genetic-differentiation isolation-by-distance isolation-by-environment local-adaptation phenotypic-plasticity genetic-accommodation evolutionary-developmental-biology evo-devo setal-development sensory-organ-development eye-reduction-evolution cave-adaptation-(absent)soil-adaptation intertidal-adaptation desiccation-resistance-(inferred)salinity-tolerance hypoxia-tolerance-(inferred)nest-air-pocket-maintenance respiratory-adaptation cuticular-waterproofing-(inferred)osmoregulation ion-regulation excretory-system Malpighian-tubules-(standard)labial-glands digestive-system midgut hindgut feeding-apparatus maxilla mandible labrum epipharynx hypopharynx mouthparts-entognathous head-capsule antennae segment-number segment-fusion thorax abdomen furca-(absent-in-some-Neanuridae)tenaculum collophore ventral-tube reticulate-pattern pigmentation coloration size-variation body-shape cylindrical-body setal-arrangement macrosetae microsetae sensory-setae mechanoreceptors chemoreceptors hygroreceptors thermoreceptors photoreceptors ocelli-structure eye-number-reduction eye-complete-loss-(some-species)pigment-loss cuticular-granulation cuticular-tubercles cuticular-scales body-sclerotization intersegmental-membranes appendage-structure leg-segmentation claw-structure unguiculus tenent-hair empodial-appendage tibiotarsus femur trochanter coxa subcoxa abdominal-segmentation tergite-structure sternite-structure pleurite-structure tergal-chaetotaxy sternal-chaetotaxy pleural-chaetotaxy axial-setae paraxial-setae marginal-setae p-row-setae a-row-setae m-row-setae setal-formula setal-nomenclature Fjellberg-system Gisin-system taxonomic-stability nomenclatural-acts type-species type-locality type-specimen original-description subsequent-redescriptions faunal-revisions catalogues checklists databases GBIF iNaturalist NCBI BOLD COL ITIS Encyclopedia-of-Life Wikipedia primary-literature taxonomic-literature ecological-literature physiological-literature genomic-literature symbiont-literature behavioral-literature entomology acarology soil-zoology marine-biology intertidal-ecology estuarine-science limnology freshwater-biology terrestrial-ecology forest-ecology fungal-ecology microbial-ecology symbiosis-research evolutionary-biology population-biology conservation-biology biodiversity-science systematics phylogenetics paleontology-(absent)fossil-record-(absent)amber-inclusion-(possible-but-unreported)subfossil-(absent)quaternary-record-(absent)historical-ecology anthropogenic-impact pollution-sensitivity bioindicator-potential conservation-status-(unevaluated)IUCN-Red-List-(absent)habitat-protection-needs protected-area-occurrence invasive-potential-(low)agricultural-pest-(absent)household-pest-(absent)economic-importance-(minimal)scientific-importance-(high)model-organism-potential teaching-organism research-subject biodiversity-component ecosystem-service-provider cultural-significance-(absent)traditional-knowledge-(absent)indigenous-knowledge-(absent)vernacular-names-(absent)etymology Anurida-(etymology-unknown,-possibly-Greek-'an-'-without-+-'oura'-tail,-referring-to-reduced-furca)Laboulbène 1865 historical-taxonomy classical-taxonomy modern-taxonomy future-research-needs taxonomic-revision phylogenetic-analysis population-genomic-study functional-genomic-study developmental-study physiological-study behavioral-study ecological-study symbiont-study conservation-study
Anurida granaria
granary short-legged springtail
Anurida granaria is a springtail species in the family Neanuridae, first described by Hercule Nicolet in 1847. It has been observed in a documented mycophagy association with the cup fungus Peziza arvernensis in southern Brazil, where a colony of over 500 individuals used a single fungal apothecium as both food source and living space. The species exhibits complete life cycle activities including molting, courtship behavior, and oviposition within fungal structures.
springtail Collembola mycophagy fungivore riparian soil-fauna Neanuridae Brazil Peziza-arvernensis nutrient-cycling
Deutonura
Deutonura is a genus of springtails (Collembola) in the family Neanuridae, established by Cassagnau in 1979. The genus contains at least 40 described species, distributed across Arctic, subarctic, and temperate regions of Europe, North America, and Macaronesia. As members of Poduromorpha, these soil-dwelling hexapods are part of the diverse springtail fauna that contributes to decomposition processes.
springtails soil-fauna Poduromorpha Neanuridae
Deutonura frigida
Deutonura frigida is a species of springtail (Collembola) in the family Neanuridae, first described by Yosii in 1969. The species belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group characterized by a globular body form and reduced or absent furcula (springing organ). Records indicate a broad distribution across Arctic, sub-Arctic, and North American regions, including Pacific and southern North American localities, as well as the Sino-Japanese region. As a member of the genus Deutonura, it shares the family's typical traits of reduced pigmentation and specialized mouthparts.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae Arctic-fauna sub-Arctic Yosii-1969
Lobella palmeri
Lobella palmeri is a species of springtail (Collembola) in the family Neanuridae, described by Wray in 1967. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group of primarily soil-dwelling springtails. The genus Lobella is characterized by distinctive morphological features including a globular body form and reduced furcula. Records indicate this species occurs in North America.
Collembola springtail soil-fauna Neanuridae North-America
Morulina
Morulina is a genus of springtails (Collembola) in the family Neanuridae, subfamily Morulininae. The genus contains approximately 11 described species distributed across multiple continents. Members of this genus are characterized by their distinctive body ornamentation and are part of the diverse soil-dwelling microarthropod fauna.
springtails soil-fauna microarthropods Collembola Neanuridae
Morulina crassa
Morulina crassa is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, first described in 1980. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group of springtails characterized by a relatively compact body form compared to the more elongate Entomobryomorpha. The species is part of the genus Morulina, which is placed in the subfamily Morulininae. Very few documented observations of this species exist in public databases.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae soil-arthropod
Morulina delicata
Morulina delicata is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, described by E.C. Bernard in 2006. It belongs to the subfamily Morulininae, a group characterized by distinctive body ornamentation and reduced or absent furcula. The species is known from Pacific North America. Springtails in this genus are typically found in soil and leaf litter habitats where they contribute to decomposition processes.
springtail Collembola Neanuridae Morulininae soil-fauna decomposer Pacific-North-America
Morulina multatuberculata
Morulina multatuberculata is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, described by Coleman in 1941. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, a group of ground-dwelling springtails. The species epithet 'multatuberculata' suggests a tuberculate body surface, a characteristic feature of the genus Morulina.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae Morulina tuberculate Pacific-North-America Coleman-1941 ground-dwelling soil-fauna microarthropod Morulininae entognathous-hexapod
Morulodes setosus
Morulodes setosus is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, described by Canby in 1926. It belongs to the order Poduromorpha, one of the three main lineages of Collembola. The species epithet 'setosus' refers to the presence of setae (bristle-like hairs). As a member of the tribe Morulodini, it shares characteristics with other neanurid springtails that exhibit distinctive body ornamentation and reduced furcula. The genus Morulodes is part of the diverse soil-dwelling microarthropod fauna of North America.
springtail Collembola soil-fauna Neanuridae North-America Poduromorpha Morulodini microarthropod
Neanura magna
Bear-bodied Springtail
Neanura magna, commonly known as the bear-bodied springtail, is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae. Springtails (Collembola) are small, wingless hexapods that inhabit soil and leaf litter. The common name suggests a robust or stocky body form compared to other springtails. As a member of Poduromorpha, this species possesses the furcula (springing organ) characteristic of the group, though it is reduced or absent in some Neanuridae.
Collembola springtail soil-fauna Poduromorpha Neanuridae
Neanurini
Neanurini is a tribe of springtails (Collembola) within the family Neanuridae, established by Börner in 1901. Members of this tribe are characterized by their reduced or absent furcula (springing organ), distinguishing them from many other springtail groups. They are part of the diverse soil-dwelling microarthropod fauna found across various terrestrial habitats. The tribe contains multiple genera distributed primarily in the Holarctic region.
Collembola springtails soil-fauna microarthropods Poduromorpha Neanuridae Holarctic
Pseudachorudina ignota
Pseudachorudina ignota is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, described from the Pacific North American region in 1980. As a member of the subfamily Pseudachorutinae, it belongs to a group of soil-dwelling microarthropods characterized by reduced or absent furcula and distinctive head morphology. The species remains poorly known, with minimal published biological data beyond its original description.
springtail soil-fauna Pacific-North-America Neanuridae Pseudachorutinae 1980-description
Pseudachorutes
Pseudachorutes is a genus of springtails in the family Neanuridae, containing more than 50 described species. These small hexapods are distributed across diverse biomes including arctic, tropical, and desert regions. As members of the subfamily Pseudachorutinae, they represent a well-established lineage within the Poduromorpha order.
springtails Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae soil-fauna hexapods
Sensillanura
Sensillanura is a genus of springtails (Collembola: Neanuridae) established by Deharveng in 1981. The genus is characterized by specific arrangements of sensilla on the body, a diagnostic feature for the group. Recent taxonomic work has described six new species from the Southern Appalachian Mountains, expanding the known diversity of the genus in North America. Species identification relies heavily on detailed examination of chaetotaxy and sensory structures.
springtails Collembola Neanuridae taxonomic-revision Southern-Appalachians sensilla chaetotaxy
Sensillanura barberi
Sensillanura barberi is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, first described by Handschin in 1928. As a member of the order Poduromorpha, it belongs to a group of soil-dwelling hexapods characterized by their reduced body size and specialized mouthparts. The species has been recorded in Pacific North America, with 35 observations documented on iNaturalist. Springtails in this family are typically found in moist soil and leaf litter environments where they contribute to decomposition processes.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae soil-fauna Pacific-North-America
Sensillanura caeca
Sensillanura caeca is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, first described by Folsom in 1916. The species epithet "caeca" (Latin for "blind") suggests an adaptation to subterranean or cave-dwelling habitats, a trait common among troglobitic springtails. As a member of the order Poduromorpha, it belongs to one of the most diverse groups of Collembola. Very few specific details about its biology have been documented in accessible literature.
springtail Collembola Poduromorpha Neanuridae cavernicolous troglomorphic
Sensillanurini
Sensillanurini is a tribe of springtails (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) characterized by distinctive ventral chaetotaxy patterns that have been used to distinguish it from other tribes within the subfamily. The tribe includes the genus Palmanura, which has been subject to recent taxonomic revision revealing multiple new species from Central and South America. Members of this tribe are soil-dwelling arthropods, though detailed biological and ecological studies remain limited.
Collembola springtails Neanuridae Neanurinae taxonomy Central-America South-America chaetotaxy
Vitronura giselae
Vitronura giselae is a species of springtail in the family Neanuridae, originally described as Neanura giselae by Gisin in 1950. It belongs to the tribe Paleonurini and is one of several species in the genus Vitronura. The species has been recorded across multiple continents including Europe, Southeast Asia, East Africa, the Caribbean, and Hawaii, indicating either a wide natural distribution or human-mediated dispersal. As an entognathous hexapod, it lacks external mouthparts and possesses the reduced body plan characteristic of neanurid springtails.
springtail Collembola Neanuridae Paleonurini