Bark-beetle
Guides
Tomicus piniperda
common pine shoot beetle, Eurasian pine shoot beetle
Tomicus piniperda is a bark beetle native to Europe, northwestern Africa, and northern Asia, and an invasive species in North America. It is one of the most destructive shoot-feeding beetles in northern Europe, causing economic damage to pine forestry through two distinct feeding behaviors: breeding in stressed or dead pine trunks and feeding on the pith of healthy young pine shoots. The beetle has a single generation per year and does not use pheromones for mate location, instead relying on host plant volatiles. It was first detected in North America in 1992 near Cleveland, Ohio, and has since spread to multiple U.S. states and Canadian provinces, triggering federal quarantines.
Trichomagdalis
Trichomagdalis is a genus of weevils in the family Curculionidae, described by H.C. Fall in 1913. The genus comprises approximately six species, all described by Fall in the same publication. These beetles are classified as 'wedge-shaped bark weevils,' indicating an association with woody substrates. The genus is part of the hyperdiverse weevil family Curculionidae, one of the largest animal families.
Trypodendron betulae
birch ambrosia beetle
Trypodendron betulae, the birch ambrosia beetle, is a North American ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae. It attacks standing stressed sub-canopy birch trees, particularly paper birch (Betula papyrifera). Male and female pairs construct galleries in sapwood where they cultivate symbiotic Ambrosiella fungi for larval nutrition. The species has a female-produced aggregation pheromone blend of (3S,6R)-trans- and (3R,6R)-cis-linalool oxide pyranoid, which chemically isolates it from sympatric Trypodendron species. Adults emerge in September and overwinter in leaf litter.
Trypodendron scabricolle
Trypodendron scabricolle is a bark beetle in the weevil family Curculionidae, subfamily Scolytinae. It belongs to the tribe Xyleborini, a group of ambrosia beetles that cultivate fungal gardens in wood. The genus Trypodendron comprises small to medium-sized ambrosia beetles that tunnel into the wood of dead or dying trees. This species, like other members of its genus, is associated with fungal symbiosis rather than direct phloem feeding.
Trypophloeus
Trypophloeus is a genus of bark beetles in the family Curculionidae, subfamily Scolytinae, containing approximately 12 species distributed across North America, Europe, and Asia. The genus is primarily associated with Salicaceae hosts, particularly Populus and Salix species. Trypophloeus populi has gained recent attention as the causative agent of sudden aspen decline in North America. Several species are significant forest pests, with T. klimeschi causing extensive damage to shelter forests in northwest China and T. binodulus affecting poplar plantations in Spain.
Trypophloeus nitidus
Trypophloeus nitidus is a species of bark beetle in the weevil family Curculionidae, described by J.M. Swaine in 1912. The genus Trypophloeus comprises bark beetles that tunnel beneath bark of woody plants. As a member of this genus, T. nitidus is associated with coniferous hosts. The species was synonymized under Phymatodes mojavensis by some authors, but Phymatodes mojavensis was subsequently synonymized under Phymatodes nitidus in a 2010 nomenclatural revision by Swift and Ray, which affects the broader taxonomic context of this species. The species is provisionally accepted in current taxonomic databases.
Xyleborinus
Xyleborinus is a genus of ambrosia beetles in the subfamily Scolytinae, comprising over 80 described species. These beetles are fungus-farmers that excavate galleries in wood and cultivate symbiotic fungi as their primary food source. The genus includes economically significant species such as Xyleborinus saxesenii, which has been associated with rapid apple decline in North American orchards. Xyleborinus exhibits extraordinary morphological diversity, particularly in Madagascar where a recent radiation produced at least 32 endemic species following a single colonization event 8.5–11.0 million years ago.
Xyleborinus andrewesi
Xyleborinus andrewesi is a small ambrosia beetle in the weevil subfamily Scolytinae. Native to the Old World tropics, it has been widely introduced to the New World. The species is polyphagous and has been recorded from 59 host plants across 29 families. It was synonymized with Xyleborinus mimosae in a 2021 taxonomic revision.
Xyleborinus artestriatus
Xyleborinus artestriatus is a species of ambrosia beetle in the subfamily Scolytinae. Like other members of its genus, it is a fungus-farming beetle that excavates galleries in wood and cultivates symbiotic fungi for larval nutrition. The species has been recorded in North America, Australia, Oceania, and Southern Asia. Its specific ecological role and host associations remain poorly documented compared to better-studied congeners such as Xyleborinus saxesenii.
Xyleborus horridus
Xyleborus horridus is a bark beetle species in the family Curculionidae, described by Eichhoff in 1869. It is recorded from North America and Middle America. As a member of the genus Xyleborus, it belongs to a group of ambrosia beetles that cultivate symbiotic fungi in wood galleries.
Xyleborus pubescens
Xyleborus pubescens is a species of bark beetle in the weevil family Curculionidae. First described by Zimmermann in 1868, this small wood-boring beetle belongs to a genus known for fungus-farming behavior, where beetles cultivate symbiotic fungi in tunnels they excavate within wood. The species occurs in North America, with records extending from the Caribbean through Middle America to Canada, including Ontario.
Xyleborus viduus
Xyleborus viduus is a species of bark beetle in the family Curculionidae, first described by Eichhoff in 1878. It is native to North America and belongs to a genus containing numerous ambrosia and bark beetle species, many of which are economically significant forest pests. The species is provisionally accepted in taxonomic databases, indicating some uncertainty regarding its current classification status.
Xyleborus volvulus
Xyleborus volvulus is a bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions and has been documented in North America, the Caribbean, Middle America, and Africa. The species is an ambrosia beetle that cultivates symbiotic fungi in tunnels bored into wood. It has been observed to carry Raffaelea lauricola, the pathogen causing laurel wilt disease, which has altered its status from a wood degrader to a potential pest of avocado and other lauraceous trees.
Xyleborus xylographus
Xyleborus xylographus is a species of bark beetle in the family Curculionidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1826. It belongs to the tribe Xyleborini, which includes ambrosia beetles that cultivate symbiotic fungi in wood galleries. The species has been recorded in North America, the Caribbean, and Southern Asia. Like other members of its genus, it likely engages in fungus-farming behavior, though specific ecological details for this species remain limited in published literature.
Xylechinus montanus
crenulate bark beetle
Xylechinus montanus is a species of crenulate bark beetle described by Blackman in 1940. It is a member of the weevil family Curculionidae and has been recorded in North America, with distribution records from Alaska and western Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan. As a bark beetle, it is likely associated with woody vegetation, though specific ecological details remain limited.