Cicadellidae
Guides
Empoa rubricola
Empoa rubricola is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Described by Christian in 1954, this species belongs to a genus of small, often brightly colored leafhoppers. Like other Empoa species, it likely possesses brochosomes—nanoparticles that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties to the cuticle. The species has been recorded from northeastern North America including Delaware, New Hampshire, Ontario, Québec, and Wisconsin.
Empoa saffrana
Empoa saffrana is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, originally described as Typhlocyba saffrana by McAtee in 1926. It belongs to the subgenus Empoa of Typhlocyba and is part of the gillettei species complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species that share identical male genitalia and are distinguished primarily by host plant associations and color variation patterns. The species E. elmata Christian, 1953 was synonymized with E. saffrana in a 1983 revision. Like other members of its complex, it is a plant-feeding insect with piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Empoa scripta
Empoa scripta is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Empoa, it possesses the distinctive brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to the exoskeleton and wings. The species has been documented across parts of North America including British Columbia, Idaho, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, and New York.
Empoa unifasciata
Empoa unifasciata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described as a new species from eastern Canada in 1983 and belongs to the gillettei complex—a group of 14 Nearctic species characterized by identical male genitalia. The species is distinguished from congeners primarily by coloration and pattern, particularly a single pale band on the forewings.
Empoa venusta
Empoa venusta is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Empoa, it is a small, plant-feeding insect. The genus is part of a group of leafhoppers known for producing brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat their bodies and provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties. Empoa venusta has been recorded from several northern U.S. states and Canadian provinces including Connecticut, Manitoba, Michigan, Minnesota, and New Hampshire.
Empoa vestita
Empoa vestita is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It was described by McAtee in 1926. Like other members of the genus Empoa, it produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on its body. The species has been recorded from several north-central U.S. states including Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, and New Hampshire.
Empoasca
Empoasca is a genus of leafhoppers (family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae) containing approximately 20 described species. Several species are significant agricultural pests, most notably Empoasca fabae (potato leafhopper), which causes hopperburn injury to over 200 plant species including potatoes, alfalfa, and beans. Members of this genus are characterized by their small size, typically bright green coloration, and production of brochosomes—unique nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on their bodies. The genus has a wide distribution with some species showing strong migratory behavior.
Empoasca
Empoasca n-species is a leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, a group of small plant-feeding insects known for their piercing-sucking mouthparts and economically significant pest status. Leafhoppers in this genus are recognized for causing "hopperburn" damage to crops through their toxic saliva. The specific epithet "n-species" indicates this is an undescribed or placeholder designation for a species within the diverse Empoasca genus, which contains numerous agricultural pests including the potato leafhopper (E. fabae) and the tea green leafhopper (E. onukii).
Empoasca fabae
potato leafhopper
Empoasca fabae, commonly known as the potato leafhopper, is a small, lime-green leafhopper native to North America and a significant agricultural pest. It migrates northward annually from Gulf States to the Midwest and eastern United States, causing damage to over 200 plant species. The species feeds on plant sap and injects a toxin that causes 'hopperburn'—characteristic drying, curling, and rotting of plant tissues. Climate warming has been linked to earlier arrival dates (approximately 10 days earlier than in the 1950s) and more severe infestations in warmer years. It completes one to two generations per year in northern regions like Québec, with population peaks occurring in June-July.
Empoasca hastosa
Empoasca hastosa is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Ross and Moore in 1957. The species is part of the large and economically significant genus Empoasca, which includes several major agricultural pests. Distribution records indicate occurrence in Florida and Cuba (CU), with the DO code likely representing the Dominican Republic. Like other Empoasca species, E. hastosa likely shares the characteristic leafhopper morphology and plant-feeding habits of the genus, though specific biological details for this species remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Empoasca kittelbergeri
Empoasca kittelbergeri is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Chandler in 2017. It belongs to the genus Empoasca, a large and economically significant group of leafhoppers that includes several major agricultural pests. The species is known from New Hampshire, USA. Like other Empoasca species, it likely shares the characteristic bright coloration and small size typical of the genus, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain limited due to its recent description.
Empoasca murrayi
Empoasca murrayi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, genus Empoasca. Like other members of this genus, it is a small, plant-feeding insect in the order Hemiptera. The genus Empoasca includes several economically significant agricultural pests, though specific information about E. murrayi's biology and pest status appears limited in published literature.
Erasmoneura
Erasmoneura is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae containing approximately 14 described species, most of which are native to North America. The genus includes E. vulnerata, a significant grapevine pest that has become invasive in Europe. Erasmoneura species are associated with Vitaceae host plants, with documented feeding on grapevines (Vitis spp.) and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus spp.). The genus is characterized by small size, typical of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, and members use vibrational communication for mating.
Erasmoneura emeljanovi
Erasmoneura emeljanovi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described in 2007. It belongs to a genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers distributed primarily in the Nearctic region. The species is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, whose members feed on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts. Like other Erasmoneura species, it likely inhabits herbaceous vegetation and woody plants. Detailed biological studies on this particular species remain limited.
Erasmoneura margaritae
Erasmoneura margaritae is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Dmitriev and Dietrich in 2007. It belongs to the large and diverse subfamily Typhlocybinae, which contains many economically important agricultural pests. The genus Erasmoneura is part of the tribe Erythroneurini, a group of small, often colorful leafhoppers found primarily in the Nearctic region. As with other members of its family, this species possesses piercing-sucking mouthparts adapted for feeding on plant vascular tissues.
Eratoneura acantha
Eratoneura acantha is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ross and DeLong in 1950. Like other members of its genus, it possesses brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat the exoskeleton and wings, providing superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties. The species is recorded from Maryland and New Hampshire in the northeastern United States.
Eratoneura accola
Eratoneura accola is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by McAtee in 1920. Originally described as a variety of Erythroneura maculata, it was later elevated to species status and transferred to the genus Eratoneura. The species is documented from limited collection records in the northeastern United States. As with other members of the Typhlocybinae, it likely feeds on plant phloem sap using piercing-sucking mouthparts.
Eratoneura affinis
Eratoneura affinis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Fitch in 1851. It belongs to the subfamily Typhlocybinae, a diverse group of small leafhoppers often associated with woody plants. The species has been recorded across parts of North America including the northern United States and southern Canada.
Eratoneura basilaris
Eratoneura basilaris is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Thomas Say in 1825. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it belongs to the subfamily Typhlocybinae and tribe Erythroneurini. Leafhoppers in this family are small, plant-feeding insects characterized by their distinctive brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties.
Eratoneura beeri
Eratoneura beeri is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it produces brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles that coat the body and wings, conferring superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties. The species was described by Hepner in 1972. Specific ecological details for E. beeri remain poorly documented in the available literature.
Eratoneura bella
Eratoneura bella is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1920. As a member of the Typhlocybinae subfamily, it belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects known for their specialized mouthparts and, in many species, production of brochosomes—nanoparticles that create water-repellent and anti-reflective coatings. The genus Eratoneura is part of the diverse Erythroneurini tribe, which contains numerous Nearctic leafhopper species.
Eratoneura bifida
Eratoneura bifida is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Beamer in 1931. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it produces brochosomes—nanoparticle secretions that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on its body and wings. The species has been documented in the United States, with iNaturalist observations primarily from the eastern and central regions.
Eratoneura bigemina
Eratoneura bigemina is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1920. As a member of the genus Eratoneura, it is expected to possess brochosomes—specialized nanoparticles that provide superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to the cuticle. The species has been recorded from several eastern U.S. states including Maryland, New Hampshire, New York, and Virginia.
Eratoneura certa
Eratoneura certa is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it possesses brochosomes—unique nanoparticles produced by leafhoppers that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on the cuticle and wings. The species was described by Beamer in 1932 and has been recorded from Maryland, New Hampshire, and Ontario.
Eratoneura comoides
Eratoneura comoides is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other leafhoppers in its genus, it possesses brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on the cuticle. The species was described by Ross and DeLong in 1953. It belongs to a diverse genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers associated with vegetation.
Eratoneura emquu
Eratoneura emquu is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Ross and DeLong in 1953. Like other members of its genus, it is a small plant-feeding insect that produces brochosomes—unique nanoparticles that coat its body surface. The species has been documented in several eastern U.S. states including Florida, Maine, Mississippi, and New Hampshire. Very few direct observations of this species have been recorded.
Eratoneura externa
Eratoneura externa is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. The genus Eratoneura belongs to the tribe Erythroneurini, a group of small, often colorful leafhoppers commonly known as sharpshooters or leafhoppers. Like other members of the genus, E. externa is likely a phloem-feeding insect associated with woody plants. The species was described by Beamer in 1931. Very few specific details about this particular species are documented in the available literature.
Eratoneura forfex
A small leafhopper species in the subfamily Typhlocybinae. As a member of genus Eratoneura, it likely produces brochosomes—protein-lipid nanoparticles that coat the body and wings, conferring superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties. The species was described by Beamer in 1932.
Eratoneura hartii
Red Apple Leafhopper
Eratoneura hartii is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, commonly known as the Red Apple Leafhopper. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles that coat the body and wings, conferring superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties. The species has been recorded in the eastern and midwestern United States. As a typhlocybine leafhopper, it is presumed to feed on plant vascular tissues, though specific host associations for this species are not well documented.
Eratoneura hymettana
Eratoneura hymettana is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Knull in 1949. As a member of the subfamily Typhlocybinae, it shares the characteristic brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties—found throughout the family. The species belongs to a genus of small, often colorful leafhoppers that feed on plant vascular tissues.
Eratoneura igella
Eratoneura igella is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, described by Ross & DeLong in 1950. As a member of the genus Eratoneura, it belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects known for producing brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that render their bodies superhydrophobic and anti-reflective. The species is documented from Maryland and New Hampshire, with limited observational records available.
Eratoneura imbricariae
A leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. As with other Eratoneura species, it produces brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles formed in the Malpighian tubules and distributed across the cuticle using comb-like spines on the hind legs. These brochosomes confer superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to the exoskeleton and wings. The species has been recorded in Illinois.
Eratoneura ligata
Eratoneura ligata is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by McAtee in 1920. It belongs to the subfamily Typhlocybinae and tribe Erythroneurini. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on its body. The species has been documented in northeastern North America with observations from the District of Columbia, New Hampshire, Ohio, Québec, and Vermont.
Eratoneura lundi
Eratoneura lundi is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Hepner in 1967. It belongs to a genus known for producing brochosomes—unique nanoparticle coatings that make leafhopper exoskeletons superhydrophobic and anti-reflective. The species has been recorded in the eastern United States, specifically in New Hampshire and Tennessee.
Eratoneura macra
Sandy Stream Leafhopper
Eratoneura macra is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Beamer in 1932. It belongs to the tribe Erythroneurini within the subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other leafhoppers in the genus Eratoneura, this species produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on the exoskeleton. The species has been documented in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada.
Eratoneura manus
Eratoneura manus is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Beamer in 1932. As a member of the subfamily Typhlocybinae, it shares the characteristic brochosome-producing capabilities common to this group. The species has been recorded in the northeastern United States, specifically New Hampshire and New York. Like other Eratoneura species, it likely feeds on plant phloem sap.
Eratoneura marilandicae
Eratoneura marilandicae is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Ross in 1957. As a member of the genus Eratoneura, it belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects known for producing brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat their bodies and wings. The species has been documented in Maryland and New Hampshire. Like other leafhoppers in this genus, it likely exhibits the characteristic superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties conferred by brochosome coatings.
Eratoneura micheneri
Eratoneura micheneri is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it produces brochosomes—hollow, soccer ball-shaped nanoparticles that coat its body and wings, creating a superhydrophobic and anti-reflective surface. The species has been documented in 55 iNaturalist observations. Brochosomes are formed in the Malpighian tubules and distributed using comb-like spines on the hind legs.
Eratoneura mira
Eratoneura mira is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by Beamer in 1932. Like other leafhoppers in this genus, it is a small, plant-feeding insect. The species has been documented in the northeastern United States. Leafhoppers in this family are known for producing brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat their bodies for waterproofing and anti-reflective properties.
Eratoneura mirifica
Eratoneura mirifica is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. It is one of many species within the genus Eratoneura, a group of small plant-feeding insects commonly known as leafhoppers. The species was described by Beamer in 1932. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that provide water-repellent and anti-reflective properties to its exoskeleton.
Eratoneura noncuspidis
A species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—hollow, soccer ball-shaped nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on its body and wings. The species was described by Beamer in 1931.
Eratoneura osborni
Eratoneura osborni is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it is a small plant-feeding insect. The species was described by DeLong in 1916. It has been documented in the eastern United States, with records from Maryland, New Hampshire, Tennessee, and Virginia. As a typhlocybine leafhopper, it likely possesses the characteristic brochosomes—nanoparticle coatings that provide hydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to the exoskeleton.
Eratoneura parallela
Eratoneura parallela is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae, described by McAtee in 1924. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it is a small, plant-feeding insect. The species has been recorded in the northeastern United States, specifically in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. As a typhlocybine leafhopper, it likely shares characteristics with congeners including the production of brochosomes—microscopic, hydrophobic proteinaceous spheres that coat the cuticle.
Eratoneura parva
Eratoneura parva is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of its genus, it produces brochosomes—complex nanoparticles that coat the body and wings, providing superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties. The species was described by Beamer in 1932 and belongs to a group of small, plant-feeding insects that have become subjects of biomaterials research due to their unique surface coatings.
Eratoneura restricta
Eratoneura restricta is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. Like other members of the genus Eratoneura, it produces brochosomes—nanoparticles that coat the body and wings to create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective surface. The species was described by Beamer in 1932. Very few specific biological details have been published for this species; most knowledge of its biology is inferred from genus-level or family-level traits.
Eratoneura stoveri
Eratoneura stoveri is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, subfamily Typhlocybinae. As a member of the genus Eratoneura, it shares with other leafhoppers the distinctive trait of producing brochosomes—nanoparticles that create a superhydrophobic, anti-reflective coating on the body and wings. The species was described by Ross and DeLong in 1950. Like other Eratoneura species, it is a plant-feeding insect in the order Hemiptera.
Eratoneura ungulata
Eratoneura ungulata is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Beamer in 1932. As a member of the subfamily Typhlocybinae, it possesses brochosomes—complex protein-lipid nanoparticles that provide superhydrophobic and anti-reflective properties to its exoskeleton and wings. The species has been documented in Illinois and New Hampshire. Like other leafhoppers, it is a plant-feeding insect with specialized adaptations for waterproofing and surface protection.
Errhomeninae
Errhomeninae is a subfamily of leafhoppers (family Cicadellidae) comprising three tribes: Errhomenini, Bathysmatophorini, and Malmaemichungiini. The subfamily contains approximately 20 genera, including both extant and extinct taxa. Species in this group exhibit notable morphological variability, particularly in genital structures and coloration, with some taxa showing significant regional variation across their range.
Errhomus brevis
Errhomus brevis is a species of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the subfamily Errhomeninae and tribe Bathysmatophorini. The species is recorded from Washington state in the northwestern United States. Like other leafhoppers, it is a member of the order Hemiptera, characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts adapted for feeding on plant fluids.
Errhomus brevis brevis
Errhomus brevis brevis is a subspecies of leafhopper in the family Cicadellidae, first described by Oman in 1987. It belongs to the subfamily Errhomeninae and tribe Bathysmatophorini. Distribution records indicate occurrence in Washington state.