Troglomorphy
Guides
Campodeidae
slender entrophs
Campodeidae is a family of small, pale, eyeless hexapods in the order Diplura, distinguished by two long, many-segmented cerci at the abdomen tip. The family contains at least 30 genera and approximately 280 described species, distributed across soil and cave habitats worldwide. Members range from 5–12 mm in length, with the largest species being the cave-dwelling Pacificampa daidarabotchi from Japan. Abdominal spiracles are absent. The family exhibits diverse ecological strategies, with many species adapted to subterranean environments showing troglomorphic features such as elongated appendages and enhanced sensory structures.
Coecobrya
Coecobrya is a genus of springtails (Collembola: Entomobryidae) characterized by pronounced troglomorphic adaptations in cave-dwelling species. The genus includes both surface and subterranean species, with Thai cave species exhibiting the most extreme troglomorphy known for Collembola in Southeast Asia. Many species display elongated antennae, legs and furca, reduced pigmentation, and eye loss. The genus has been recorded from caves in Thailand, South Africa, and other regions, with molecular studies supporting species discrimination using COI, 16S rDNA and 28S rDNA markers.
Heteromurus
Heteromurus is a genus of slender-bodied springtails established by Wankel in 1860. The genus contains at least three described species: H. margaritarius, H. nitidus, and H. tenuicornis. Members are placed in the subfamily Heteromurinae and are characterized by elongated antennae and a generally slender habitus compared to other entomobryomorph springtails. The genus has been subject to taxonomic revision, particularly regarding the subgenus Verhoeffiella, which includes cave-dwelling species showing troglomorphic adaptations.
Tomoceridae
Tomoceridae is a family of springtails (Collembola) within the order Entomobryomorpha. Members are characterized by their elongated bodies and relatively long antennae compared to other springtail families. The family includes both surface-dwelling and cave-adapted species, with some showing pronounced troglomorphic traits such as eyelessness and depigmentation. Tomoceridae has a broad geographic distribution including Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Americas.
Tomocerus
elongate springtails
Tomocerus is a genus of elongate springtails (Collembola) in the family Tomoceridae, characterized by their relatively large size among springtails and distinctive body proportions. Species in this genus are distributed across multiple continents including Europe, Asia, and the Americas, with some species exhibiting troglomorphic adaptations in cave habitats. The genus has been subject to taxonomic revision, with species complexes such as the kinoshitai and ocreatus groups recognized. Tomocerus vulgaris is a notable species that has been studied for its life history and ecological interactions, including serving as prey for specialized predators such as harvestmen.