Spirobolida
Guides
Atopetholus
Atopetholus is a genus of millipedes in the family Atopetholidae, order Spirobolida. The genus was established by Chamberlin in 1918 and contains approximately eight described species, all distributed in western North America, particularly California. Species in this genus are cylindrical millipedes characteristic of the Atopetholidae family.
Atopetholus angelus
Atopetholus angelus is a millipede species in the family Atopetholidae, described by Chamberlin in 1920. It belongs to the order Spirobolida, a group of large, cylindrical millipedes commonly known as giant millipedes or round-backed millipedes. The species has been recorded in North America, with specific locality data indicating presence in Louisiana, United States. Very little detailed biological information has been published for this species.
Comanchelus
Comanchelus is a genus of millipedes in the family Atopetholidae, order Spirobolida. It was described by Hoffman and Orcutt in 1960. The genus belongs to the subfamily Eurelinae and is native to North America, with species documented in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Members of this genus are cylindrical, relatively large-bodied millipedes characteristic of the spirobolid group.
Eurhinocricus
Eurhinocricus is a genus of millipedes in the family Rhinocricidae, order Spirobolida. The genus was established by Brölemann in 1903. Members of this genus belong to the tropical millipede fauna, with the family Rhinocricidae being primarily distributed in the Neotropics. The genus is part of the diverse juliformian millipede radiation.
Onychelus
Onychelus is a genus of millipedes in the family Atopetholidae, established by Cook in 1904. The genus contains at least three described species: Onychelus michelbacheri, Onychelus obustus, and Onychelus suturatus. These millipedes belong to the order Spirobolida, a group of large, cylindrical millipedes commonly known as giant millipedes or round-backed millipedes.
Rhinocricidae
Rhinocricidae is a family of millipedes in the order Spirobolida, established by Brölemann in 1913. The family exhibits a disjunct distribution pattern, occurring in Malesia and neighboring parts of Australasia as well as in the Neotropics. It is one of the most species-rich millipede families, with over 500 nominal species classified into 27 genera and 3 subgenera. Members are characterized by their cylindrical body form typical of spirobolidan millipedes and possess well-developed chemical defense systems.
Trigoniulidae
round-backed millipedes
Trigoniulidae is a family of round-backed millipedes in the order Spirobolida, comprising approximately 171 species across 25 genera. The family was established by Attems in 1909. Members are found in tropical and subtropical regions where they inhabit leaf litter and soil environments. Population studies of at least one species, Trigoniulus lumbricinus, indicate seasonal fluctuations correlated with rainfall patterns.
Trigoniulus
Asian millipede (informal, for T. corallinus)
Trigoniulus is a genus of millipedes in the family Trigoniulidae, established by Pocock in 1894. The genus contains at least 90 described species distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. Species such as Trigoniulus corallinus and T. lumbricinus have been studied for their population ecology, revealing seasonal abundance patterns correlated with rainfall and temperature. The genus serves as a host for gut-associated microbes, including bacteria isolated from decaying plant habitats.
Watichelus
Watichelus is a genus of millipedes in the family Atopetholidae, order Spirobolida. The genus was established by Chamberlin in 1949. Members of this genus are cylindrical, relatively large-bodied millipedes characteristic of the Spirobolida order. As a genus within Atopetholidae, Watichelus represents part of the diverse juliform millipede fauna of the Americas.