Honeydew-producers

Guides

• Coccidae

  soft scales, wax scales, tortoise scales

  Coccidae is a family of scale insects in the superfamily Coccoidea, commonly known as soft scales, wax scales, or tortoise scales. The family contains over 1,100 species in 171 genera worldwide. Females are typically flat with elongated oval bodies and smooth integument often covered with wax; they may possess legs in some genera but not in others. Males may be winged or wingless. Coccidae are distinguished from armored scales (Diaspididae) by their soft, waxy covering rather than a hard, separable scale. Many species are economically important agricultural and horticultural pests.

  scale-insectssoft-scalesagricultural-pestsphloem-feedersHemipteraSternorrhynchaCoccoideainvasive-speciesbiological-controlhoneydew-producersornamental-pestsforest-pestsfruit-tree-pests

• Panaphidini

  Panaphidini is a tribe of aphids within the subfamily Calaphidinae, established by Oestlund in 1923. The tribe comprises approximately 50 genera divided into two subtribes: Myzocallidina and Panaphidina. Many genera are associated with woody host plants, particularly in the families Fagaceae, Betulaceae, and Salicaceae. The tribe includes economically significant pests such as species of Tinocallis and Monellia.

  aphidsCalaphidinaephloem-feedingtree-pestshorticultural-pestsinvasive-speciesholocyclicanholocyclicleaf-curling-aphidshoneydew-producers

• Pulvinaria

  cottony cushion scales, soft scales

  Pulvinaria is a genus of soft scale insects (family Coccidae) characterized by females that produce conspicuous cottony or flocculent wax ovisacs to protect their eggs. The genus includes economically significant agricultural and ornamental pests with broad host ranges spanning numerous woody plant families. Several species have invasive potential and have established beyond their native ranges, including P. aurantii, P. psidii, and P. urbicola. The genus exhibits considerable morphological variability, complicating species identification.

  Coccidaescale-insectsagricultural-pestsinvasive-specieshoneydew-producersphloem-feederswax-producing-insectsurban-pestsfruit-tree-pestsornamental-pestsbiological-control-hosts

• Toumeyella

  tortoise scales, pine tortoise scales

  Toumeyella is a genus of soft scale insects (family Coccidae) commonly known as tortoise scales. These sedentary, sap-feeding insects infest conifers and broadleaf trees, with females protected by a waxy, shell-like covering. Several species are significant forest and ornamental pests, including T. liriodendri (tuliptree scale) and T. pini (striped pine scale). The genus is characterized by phloem-feeding habits, honeydew production, and frequent mutualistic associations with ants.

  scale-insectssoft-scalesCoccidaeforest-pestsornamental-pestshoneydew-producersant-mutualismsbiological-controlinvasive-speciesphloem-feeders