Parasitoid-associations
Guides
Braggia
Braggia is a genus of aphids (Aphididae: Aphidinae: Aphidini) described by Gillette & Palmer in 1929. Species in this genus are specialized feeders on buckwheat (Eriogonum spp., Polygonaceae) in western North America. The genus includes at least two recently described species: Braggia columbiana from Washington and Oregon, and Braggia longicauda from Washington, Oregon, and northern California. These aphids have been documented with associated parasitoid species, though specific taxa are not detailed in available sources.
Melitaeini
checkerspots, crescents, crescentspots, fritillaries
Melitaeini is a tribe of brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae), commonly known as checkerspots, crescents, or crescentspots. The tribe comprises 20–25 genera divided among five subtribes. Members are distributed across diverse habitats including steppe and taiga forest regions. Larvae exhibit gregarious behavior and feed on specific host plants, with documented associations including Veronica incana, Scabiosa comosa, and Stemmacantha uniflora. The tribe serves as host for specialized parasitoid wasps, particularly in the genus Cotesia.
Rhopalosiphum enigmae
cattail aphid
Rhopalosiphum enigmae is a cattail aphid species in the family Aphididae, first described by Hottes and Frison in 1931. Recent taxonomic work has clarified its classification, including a new synonymy. The species is associated with cattail habitats and has documented relationships with ants and parasitoid wasps, though specific details of these associations remain limited in available literature.