Temperature-plasticity
Guides
Aenasius
Aenasius is a genus of solitary endoparasitoid wasps in the family Encyrtidae. Species within this genus are specialized parasitoids of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae), with documented hosts including the invasive cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis. The genus has been extensively studied for its potential in biological control of agricultural pests, particularly in cotton-growing regions. Some species show remarkable developmental plasticity in response to temperature, enabling them to track their hosts across invaded ranges.
Cis chinensis
Cis chinensis is a minute beetle in the family Ciidae (minute tree-fungus beetles), first described from China in 1991. It has become established as an invasive species in Europe, with confirmed populations in Switzerland and Germany. The species is primarily known as a storage pest of commercially dried fungi, but wild populations have been found living on bracket fungi growing on trees in urban environments. Adults exhibit size plasticity in response to temperature, and the species serves as host for specialized parasitoids and phoretic mites.