Spodoptera
Guides
Campoletis sonorensis
Campoletis sonorensis is a parasitoid ichneumonid wasp distributed across much of the Americas, including the United States, Brazil, and Chile. It is a generalist endoparasitoid of lepidopteran larvae, with documented hosts including Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera exigua, Helicoverpa species, Chrysodeixis includens, and Heliothis virescens. The species employs sophisticated immune evasion strategies involving a mutualistic polydnavirus (Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus, CsIV) and ovarian proteins that suppress host hemocyte function and prevent encapsulation. It has been extensively studied as a model system for host-parasitoid interactions, host selection behavior, and biological control potential.
Spodoptera androgea
androgea armyworm moth
Spodoptera androgea is a noctuid moth species found in North America and parts of South America. It belongs to the genus Spodoptera, commonly known as armyworms, which contains several economically significant agricultural pests. The species is one of many Spodoptera that can occur on soybean and other crops, though it is generally considered less economically important than congeners such as S. frugiperda (fall armyworm) or S. eridania (southern armyworm). The MONA or Hodges number for this species is 9671.1.
Spodoptera eridania
Southern Armyworm Moth, Southern Armyworm
Spodoptera eridania is a highly polyphagous noctuid moth whose larvae are significant agricultural pests in tropical and subtropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. The species has emerged as one of the most important armyworm pests of soybean in Brazil and Argentina, particularly in cotton-growing regions, while remaining a sporadic pest in the southern United States. Larvae feed gregariously when young, skeletonizing leaves, and become solitary as they mature, often boring into fruit. The species has been introduced to West Africa (Nigeria and Cameroon).
Spodoptera hipparis
Spodoptera hipparis is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Druce in 1889. It occurs in North America and is assigned the MONA/Hodges number 9674. Like other members of the genus Spodoptera, it is part of a group commonly referred to as armyworms, though specific details about its biology and ecology remain poorly documented compared to economically important congeners such as S. frugiperda (fall armyworm).