Powdery-mildew
Guides
Litargus tetraspilotus
Four-spotted Hairy Fungus Beetle
Litargus tetraspilotus is a small hairy fungus beetle in the family Mycetophagidae, first described from North America in 1856 and more recently recorded in Brazil. It feeds on powdery mildew fungi (Oidium sp.) and has been studied as a potential biological control agent for fungal pathogens on fruit trees. Population dynamics show seasonal variation tied to humidity and rainfall patterns.
Psyllobora renifer
Kidney-spotted Fairy Lady Beetle, Kidney-spotted Psyllobora, Kidney-spotted Lady Beetle
Psyllobora renifer is a minute lady beetle distinguished by its unique kidney-shaped markings and specialized diet of powdery mildew fungi. At 1.75–2.4 mm, it is among the smallest lady beetles in North America. Unlike most lady beetles that prey on aphids and soft-bodied insects, this species has evolved to exploit fungal pathogens of plants as its primary food source. It occurs across North and Central America and is most reliably identified by the confluent, connected dark patches on its elytra that merge into larger irregular shapes rather than remaining as discrete spots.
Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata
24-spot Ladybird, Alfalfa Lady Beetle
A small ladybird beetle, 3–4 mm long, with a domed shape and velvety, hair-covered wing-cases. Unlike most ladybirds, it is herbivorous, feeding on fungal mycelium rather than aphids. The species shows high variability in spot patterns, typically bearing 20–24 black spots on a dark orange background, though melanic and spotless forms occur. Winglessness is common, particularly in western populations, with flight ability varying geographically.