Lathrolestes

Förster, 1869

Lathrolestes is a of in the , tribe Perilissini, Ctenopelmatinae. The genus is best known from the L. ensator, a agent of the apple Hoplocampa testudinea in orchards.

Lathrolestes by (c) Owen Strickland, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Owen Strickland. Used under a CC-BY license.Lathrolestes pictus by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.Lathrolestes pictus by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Lathrolestes: /læθ.ɹoʊˈlɛs.tiːz/

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Images

Habitat

Apple orchards and associated where occur.

Distribution

to Europe; to North America for (released in New York, Quebec, and Vancouver Island). Distribution records from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Host Associations

  • Hoplocampa testudinea - Primary ; second- are the preferred stage. emerge in synchrony with this host stage.

Life Cycle

females carry 120–175 but typically lay fewer than half. Eggs and mining are most vulnerable to ; older larvae survive parasitism at approximately 90% rate. Descending host larvae construct in soil; failure rates range from 7–31%, highest in clay soil. Both host and may experience prolonged in the cocoon stage.

Ecological Role

agent of apple (Hoplocampa testudinea), a pest of apple (Malus pumila). are influenced by soil , fungal in , and duration.

Human Relevance

Used as a agent against the European apple in North orchards. calculations indicate that 60% of sawfly is required to stop growth, or less if host and young larvae additional mortality from .

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Sources and further reading