Shothole Borer
Scolytus rugulosus
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Coleoptera
- Suborder: Polyphaga
- Superfamily: Curculionoidea
- Family: Curculionidae
- Subfamily: Scolytinae
- Tribe: Scolytini
- Genus: Scolytus
- Species: rugulosus
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Scolytus rugulosus: /ˈskɔl.ɪ.təs ruːˈɡuː.loʊ.səs/
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Summary
Scolytus rugulosus, or shothole borer, is a bark beetle that predominantly affects fruit trees, particularly within the Rosaceae family. It has a notable life cycle with multiple generations per year and is known for its impact on tree health.
Physical Characteristics
Adults have a typical bark beetle appearance, and the term 'rugulosus' refers to their finely wrinkled texture.
Identification Tips
Look for small holes in tree bark and the presence of larvae within the bark.
Habitat
Typically found on bark of various fruit trees and other trees in the Rosaceae family.
Distribution
Widespread across Europe; adventive in North America, especially the United States.
Diet
Feeds on various species of Rosaceae, primarily targeting damaged branches and trunks.
Life Cycle
Overwinter as larvae or pupae beneath the bark, with adults emerging in May. Second generation emerges in mid-August. Depending on the location, can be 2-3 generations per year.
Reproduction
Females bore into cambium of host trees to lay eggs in pockets along their tunnels.
Ecosystem Role
As a bark beetle, it plays a role in the decomposition of trees and could impact forest health.
Economic Impact
Can cause damage to fruit trees, particularly those in the Rosaceae family, leading to economic losses for growers.
Collecting Methods
- Trapping using pheromone traps
- Visual inspection of host trees
Preservation Methods
- Preserving specimens in alcohol
- Drying specimens for display
Evolution
Originally named Bostrichus rugulosus by Müller in 1818 before being reclassified to Scolytus.
Misconceptions
Often confused with other types of bark beetles due to similar habit and appearance.
Tags
- Scolytus rugulosus
- Shothole Borer
- Bark Beetles
- Curculionidae
- Fruit Tree Pest