Tobacco
Guides
Cardiochiles
Cardiochiles is a genus of braconid wasps with nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Species are larval endoparasitoids, primarily attacking lepidopteran hosts. The genus includes economically significant species used in biological control, particularly against noctuid pests in agricultural systems.
Gonatocerini
Gonatocerini is a tribe of minute egg parasitoids within Mymaridae (Hymenoptera). Members are idiobiont parasitoids of insect eggs, with several species employed in biological control programs against leafhopper pests (Cicadellidae: Proconiini). The tribe currently comprises 14 recognized genera. A survey in tobacco crops of central Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, documented 698 individuals across 21 species in four genera: Gonatocerus (most abundant), Cosmocomoidea, Lymaenon, and Tanyxiphium.