Montane-streams
Guides
Skwala
springflies
Skwala is a genus of springflies (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) established by Ricker in 1943, containing approximately five described species distributed across North America and Asia. Species in this genus are amphibiotic, with aquatic nymphal stages in freshwater streams and terrestrial adults. At least one species, Skwala pusilla, has been documented as predatory. The genus has been subject to cytogenetic study, with Skwala compacta representing the first photographic documentation of stonefly chromosomes.
Thremmatidae
Thremmatidae is a family of caddisflies (Trichoptera) currently classified within the family Uenoidae as subfamily Thremmatinae. The family includes genera such as Thremma, Neophylax, and Oligophlebodes. Larvae are case-building and can be identified by distinctive morphological features including mesonotal sclerite shape, foretrochantins, forefemora, ventral sclerites on abdominal segment I, head coloration patterns, and case morphology. At least one species, Neophylax splendens, exhibits an extended pre-pupal diapause lasting approximately three months.