Dung-feeding
Guides
Alydus
broad-headed bugs
Alydus is the type genus of broad-headed bugs (family Alydidae), comprising approximately 11 described species including two extinct species. Species occur across North America, Europe, and temperate Asia. Members of this genus are characterized by their broad, rounded heads and are frequently observed feeding on dung, carrion, and other extra-phytophagous materials alongside butterflies and other insects. Nymphs of at least one species exhibit ant mimicry and may develop in association with ant nests.
Alydus conspersus
broad-headed bug
Alydus conspersus is a species of broad-headed bug in the family Alydidae, first described by Montandon in 1893. It is one of three recognized subspecies within the species complex. The species is distributed across North America with documented records from Arizona, Colorado, Louisiana, Massachusetts, and Michigan. Like other members of the Alydidae, it is associated with feeding on seeds and has been observed utilizing extra-phytophagous food sources including animal dung.
Megalotomus quinquespinosus
Lupine Bug
Megalotomus quinquespinosus, commonly known as the lupine bug, is a broad-headed bug in the family Alydidae. It is found across North America. While many alydids are primarily plant-feeders, this species has been documented feeding on carrion and dung, including the remains of small mammals in predator scat. This behavior represents an unusual expansion of diet beyond typical seed-feeding habits seen in related species.
Polygonia
comma, anglewing
Polygonia is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae, commonly known as commas or anglewings. Members are recognized by a conspicuous white comma-shaped mark on the underside of each hindwing and angular notches on the outer edges of the forewings. The genus exhibits remarkable seasonal polyphenism, with distinct light and dark morphs corresponding to non-diapausing and diapausing generations. Many species hibernate as adults. The genus has been alternatively classified as a subgenus of Nymphalis.
Polygonia progne
Gray Comma, Grey Comma
Polygonia progne, the gray comma, is a North American butterfly species in the family Nymphalidae. Adults display seasonal dimorphism: summer forms have bright orange-brown upper wings with dark hindwing borders, while both forms show few yellow marginal spots. The species is notable for its L-shaped silver markings on charcoal gray undersides and its deeply notched wing margins that create an angular silhouette. It produces two generations annually, with the second generation's eggs hatching in October to overwinter as larvae.