Birch-aphids
Guides
Calaphidinae
Calaphidinae is the second-largest subfamily in the family Aphididae, comprising more than 60 genera and over 360 described species. The subfamily includes aphids primarily associated with woody host plants, particularly birches (Betula), oaks (Quercus), and related tree species in the families Fagaceae and Betulaceae. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have substantially revised the classification of Calaphidinae, establishing eight tribal divisions and revealing that the group is paraphyletic with respect to the former 'Saltusaphidinae'. The subfamily shows complex evolutionary patterns involving host plant shifts and geographic expansion from an Eastern Palaearctic origin.