Apheloriini
Guides
Furcillaria
Furcillaria is a genus of flat-backed millipedes established by Shelley in 1981 within the family Xystodesmidae. It originally comprised four species from the eastern United States: Furcillaria aequalis, F. convoluta, F. laminata, and F. thrinax. In 2021, taxonomic authorities reevaluated the genus and deemed it a junior synonym of Sigmoria, a decision now reflected in major databases such as the Catalogue of Life. Some sources, including GBIF and NCBI, continue to list Furcillaria as accepted, reflecting ongoing taxonomic debate or lag in database updates. The genus belongs to the tribe Apheloriini, a group of xystodesmid millipedes characterized by complex gonopod morphology.
Rudiloria
Rudiloria is a genus of flat-backed millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae, endemic to eastern North America. The genus contains seven described species, including the widespread R. trimaculata. Members are characterized by their flattened bodies and distinct color patterns. The genus was established by Causey in 1955.
Rudiloria trimaculata
Bob's Yellow and Black Millipede
Rudiloria trimaculata is a flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, recognized by the proposed common name Bob's Yellow and Black Millipede. The species occurs in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. Two subspecies are recognized: R. t. trimaculata and R. t. tortua.
Sigmoria aequalis
Sigmoria aequalis is a species of flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, described by Shelley in 1981. It belongs to the order Polydesmida, a large and diverse group of millipedes characterized by their flattened body form. The genus Sigmoria is part of the tribe Apheloriini within the subfamily Rhysodesminae, a predominantly North American lineage of xystodesmid millipedes.
Sigmoria bidens
Sigmoria bidens is a species of flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, described by Causey in 1942. It belongs to the order Polydesmida, one of the largest orders of millipedes, characterized by their flattened bodies and keeled tergites. The genus Sigmoria is part of the tribe Apheloriini within the subfamily Rhysodesminae. Very few observations of this species have been documented, with only 8 records in iNaturalist as of the knowledge cutoff.
Sigmoria latior
Red-sided Flat Millipede
Sigmoria latior is a flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, commonly known as the Red-sided Flat Millipede. The species was described by Brölemann in 1900 and is native to North America. Four subspecies are recognized, including the nominate subspecies S. l. latior and S. l. hoffmani, S. l. mariona, and S. l. munda. As a member of the tribe Apheloriini, it belongs to a group of xystodesmid millipedes known for their often striking coloration.
Sigmoria nantahalae
Nantahala Cherry Millipede
Sigmoria nantahalae is a species of flat-backed millipede in the family Xystodesmidae, first described by Hoffman in 1958. It is endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains of North America, with confirmed records from North Carolina. The species belongs to the tribe Apheloriini, a group known for producing hydrogen cyanide as a defensive secretion.