Epinotia celtisana
(Riley, 1881)
Epinotia celtisana is a small described by Riley in 1881. The species name indicates an association with hackberry (Celtis), its larval . are active in late summer and fall. develop within hackberry fruits, making this a fruit-feeding tortricid rather than a leaf-roller.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Epinotia celtisana: /ɛpɪˈnoʊʃə sɛltɪˈsænə/
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Identification
Distinguished from similar Epinotia by characteristics and association. Epinotia nisella and E. solandriana are similar in appearance but lack the hackberry specialization. Examination of male genitalia, particularly the shape of the uncus and valvae, provides definitive identification. The larval within hackberry fruits is diagnostic.
Appearance
Small with typically 6-9 mm in length. Forewings are grayish- with variable darker markings, often with a distinct and irregular transverse . are pale grayish-brown. The exhibits typical Olethreutinae shape with a somewhat pointed . Resting posture shows wings held roof-like over the body.
Habitat
Associated with hackberry (Celtis) trees and woodlands. Occurs in deciduous forests, forest edges, riparian corridors, and urban areas where hackberry is planted. Not restricted to pristine ; common in suburban and agricultural settings with hackberry presence.
Distribution
North America, primarily eastern and central United States. Range extends from the Atlantic coast westward to the Great Plains, following the distribution of its hackberry plants.
Seasonality
active from July through October, with peak activity in August and September. Larval development occurs within hackberry fruits during summer months. Overwinters as or within fruit or soil.
Diet
feed exclusively on hackberry (Celtis spp.) fruits, developing inside the drupes. This is a fruit rather than a foliar feeder.
Host Associations
- Celtis - larval fruits
Life Cycle
laid on or near hackberry fruits. bore into developing fruits and feed on the pulp and seed, producing -filled galleries. Larval development completed within single fruit. occurs within the fruit or in soil. with single per year.
Behavior
are and attracted to light. are concealed feeders within hackberry fruits, rendering them cryptic and protected from . No known ; single larva typically per fruit.
Ecological Role
Acts as a seed of hackberry, potentially reducing seed viability and recruitment. Provides food source for and predators. Not considered a significant pest of ornamental or hackberry .
Human Relevance
Minor occasional pest of ornamental hackberry plantings. No economic significance for fruit production as hackberry is not commercially cultivated. Sometimes noticed when infested fruits drop prematurely or when are attracted to porch lights.
Similar Taxa
- Epinotia nisellaSimilar size and pattern, but lacks hackberry association and differs in
- Epinotia solandrianaOverlapping range and similar appearance; distinguished by genitalic characters and
- Epinotia transmissanaRelated with similar ; and examination required for separation
More Details
Original Description
Originally described as Paedisca celtisana by Riley in 1881, later transferred to Epinotia. The original description emphasized the larval habit of feeding within hackberry fruits.