Bombylius pulchellus
Loew, 1863
Beautiful Bee Fly
Bombylius pulchellus is a of bee fly in the Bombyliidae, distributed across northern North America from Canada to the northern United States. are active in spring and are known for their relationship with the sweat bee Halictus ligatus, whose larvae and pupae they consume. Unlike many bee flies, B. pulchellus pupates in soil away from the nest rather than within it.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Bombylius pulchellus: /bɒmˈbɪliəs pʊlˈkɛləs/
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Habitat
Found in open, sunny areas including meadows, prairies, and forest edges where bees forage and nest. Associated with sandy soils preferred by its host Halictus ligatus.
Distribution
Canada: Alberta east to Quebec; United States: northern tier from Nebraska east to Maryland.
Seasonality
active in spring, primarily March through June, with peak activity in April and May.
Diet
feed on nectar from flowers using a long . Larvae are that consume the larvae and pupae of their .
Host Associations
- Halictus ligatus - primary larvae are of H. ligatus larvae and pupae
Life Cycle
are deposited into or near nests. Larvae hatch and actively seek out host bee larvae, attaching as external and consuming the host. Mature larvae pupate in soil away from the host nest, unlike many related bee flies that pupate within the nest. Pupae possess hooks, spines, and bristles to aid through soil.
Behavior
Female flies locate open nest burrows and deposit ; larvae actively seek host larvae rather than remaining passive. exhibit hovering typical of bee flies and visit flowers for nectar.
Ecological Role
Significant regulator of the sweat bee Halictus ligatus; acts as a mortality factor affecting primarily reproductive of the . May contribute to pollination through flower visitation, though this role is secondary to its function.
Human Relevance
Not directly significant to humans; beneficial as a natural control agent for sweat bee , though sweat bees themselves are generally benign .
Similar Taxa
- Bombylius majorsimilar size, spring activity, and lifestyle on solitary bees; B. pulchellus distinguished by geographic range and specific association with Halictus ligatus
- Bombylius mexicanussimilar appearance and tribe Bombyliini membership; distinguished by wing venation details and
Sources and further reading
- BugGuide
- Wikipedia
- GBIF taxonomy match
- iNaturalist taxon
- Catalogue of Life
- Beware the bee fly - Bombylius sp. — Bug of the Week
- One-Shot Wednesday: Upside down bee fly | Beetles In The Bush
- Consolation Crossidius | Beetles In The Bush
- Bug Eric: Fly Day Friday: Greater Bee Fly
- Bug Eric: Bee Flies
- Diptera | Beetles In The Bush | Page 5
- The effect of Bombylius pulchellus (Diptera; Bombyliidae) and other mortality factors upon the biology of Halictus ligatus (Hymenoptera; Halictidae) in southern Ontario