Apple-proliferation
Guides
Fieberiella
Fieberiella is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae, comprising at least 20 described species. The genus was established by Signoret in 1880. Members are phloem-feeding insects with documented significance as vectors of plant pathogens, particularly phytoplasmas affecting fruit trees. The best-studied species, Fieberiella florii, has been confirmed as a vector of "Candidatus Phytoplasma mali" causing apple proliferation disease.
Fieberiella florii
privet leafhopper, Flor's leafhopper, cherry leafhopper
Fieberiella florii is a leafhopper species in the family Cicadellidae, native to Europe and established in North America. It is a phloem-feeding insect that develops on multiple woody host plants, particularly in stone fruit orchards and surrounding vegetation. The species has been experimentally confirmed as a vector of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali', the causal agent of apple proliferation disease. In western Oregon, it shows a distinct seasonal cycle with overwintering eggs, spring nymph emergence, and peak adult populations in summer.
Orientus ishidae
Japanese leafhopper, Mosaic leafhopper
Orientus ishidae is a leafhopper native to East Asia that has established populations across Europe and North America. Adults measure 4.5–6.5 mm and display a distinctive mosaic pattern on the forewings with an orange band between the eyes. The species is recognized as an alternative vector of phytoplasma diseases affecting grapevines, including Flavescence dorée, and has demonstrated capacity to acquire pathogens associated with Apple Proliferation and Elm Yellows. Its introduction to European agricultural landscapes has raised concerns due to its broad host plant range and potential to bridge wild and cultivated pathosystems.