Cremnops haematodes
(Brullé, 1846)
Cremnops haematodes is a of in the Agathidinae, first described by Brullé in 1846. It was previously known under the synonym C. nigrosternum (Morrison, 1917) until a 2015 revision synonymized the two names. Like other members of its , it is a wasp targeting , particularly those in the and Crambidae. The species occurs in the Caribbean and North America.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Cremnops haematodes: //ˈkrɛm.nɒps hɪˈmæ.toʊ.diːz//
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Identification
The combination of large size (for a ), distinctive elongate horse-like with extended , and red-and-black coloration with smoky helps distinguish Cremnops from other braconids. Within the , species-level identification requires examination of detailed morphological characters and is best accomplished using the provided in the 2015 revision by Tucker et al. The species was previously confused with C. nigrosternum, now synonymized.
Appearance
Members of the Cremnops are relatively large compared to many other , measuring approximately 6–10 mm in length. They possess a distinctive elongate, equine-like with a narrow, extended () that has been compared to the mythological winged horse Pegasus. Coloration typically includes red and black patterns with black or smoky . The elongated mouthparts are adapted for probing flowers for nectar.
Habitat
Terrestrial ; frequent flowers where they use elongated mouthparts to for nectar.
Distribution
Caribbean and North America. Specific locality records are sparse in the provided sources.
Host Associations
Life Cycle
As with other Cremnops , females hunt and lay in them. Typically one develops as an internal per caterpillar, though some species in the are gregarious with several larvae sharing a host.
Behavior
are frequent visitors to flowers, using their elongated mouthparts to for nectar. Females actively hunt for .
Ecological Role
of , particularly in the and Crambidae. Acts as a agent, defending plants under lepidopteran attack.
Human Relevance
Potential agent for pest in agricultural settings, particularly those in Crambidae which include many pests.
Similar Taxa
- Cremnops nigrosternumPreviously considered a separate but synonymized under C. haematodes in 2015; indistinguishable at the species level based on current
- Other Cremnops speciesShare the distinctive equine-like and general body plan; require detailed morphological examination and for separation
- Agathis and Bassus (Agathidinae)Also have narrow, extended and may be confused with Cremnops; differ in specific and characters
More Details
Taxonomic History
Cremnops haematodes was first described by Brullé in 1846. Morrison described C. nigrosternum in 1917, which was treated as a separate until the 2015 revision by Tucker et al. synonymized it under C. haematodes based on morphological and molecular evidence.
Molecular Phylogeny
The 2015 revision included a of New World Cremnops , placing C. haematodes within the broader context of the .
Sources and further reading
- BugGuide
- GBIF taxonomy match
- iNaturalist taxon
- NCBI Taxonomy
- Catalogue of Life
- Dolerus haematodes sawfly larva and Schinia oleagina larva - Entomology Today
- Cremnops wileycoyotius Archives - Entomology Today
- Cremnops-wileycoyotius - Entomology Today
- Catch a Glimpse of Caterpillars During National Moth Week
- Bug Eric: Wasp Wednesday: Agathidinae
- New Wasp Species Named after Chief Crazy Horse and Wile E. Coyote
- A revision of the New World species of Cremnops Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)