Liviinae
Genus Guides
2Liviinae is a of plant lice within the Liviidae (order Hemiptera). Members are small, sap-feeding insects that inhabit various plants. The group is distinguished from the other subfamily in Liviidae, Euphyllurinae, by morphological and ecological characteristics.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Liviinae: /lɪˈviː.aɪ.neɪ/
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Identification
Liviinae can be distinguished from Euphyllurinae by wing venation patterns and plant associations. Members of Liviinae generally have more reduced wing venation and are associated with dicotyledonous host plants, whereas Euphyllurinae are primarily associated with monocots, particularly palms. Specific identification to or species requires examination of genitalia and other minute morphological features.
Images
Habitat
Associated with the foliage and stems of dicotyledonous plants. Specific microhabitats vary by and host association.
Distribution
Global distribution corresponding to that of the Liviidae, with occurring across temperate and tropical regions where suitable plants are present.
Diet
Phloem sap from plants. Specific host associations vary by .
Life Cycle
Hemimetabolous development with , nymph, and stages. Nymphs are and feed on plant sap before molting to winged adults.
Ecological Role
Phloem feeders that may influence plant health through direct feeding damage. Some are of plant .
Human Relevance
Some are agricultural or horticultural pests. Certain members have been implicated in transmission of plant affecting crops.
Similar Taxa
- EuphyllurinaeThe other in Liviidae; distinguished by plant associations (primarily monocots/palms) and wing venation characteristics.
- PsyllidaeAnother in Psylloidea; distinguished by different wing venation, body shape, and plant associations.