Sitalcina
Sitalcina
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Chelicerata
- Class: Arachnida
- Order: Opiliones
- Suborder: Laniatores
- Family: Phalangodidae
- Genus: Sitalcina
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Sitalcina: //ˌsɪtælˈsiːnə//
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Summary
Sitalcina is a genus of armored harvestmen within the Phalangodidae family, known for its small size and specialized habitats. Comprising approximately 10 species, these arachnids are primarily found in western and southern California, particularly under rocks and logs in forested regions and desert canyons.
Physical Characteristics
Members of the genus Sitalcina are characterized as armored harvestmen, possessing a hardened exoskeleton that provides protection. They are relatively small, measuring between 1.25 to 2.5 mm in length.
Identification Tips
Identification can be aided by examining the body size, pigmentation, and specific morphological features, which can vary among species within Sitalcina.
Habitat
Sitalcina species inhabit forested or chaparral environments, typically found under rocks and logs. Additionally, some species are exclusive to desert canyons in southern California.
Distribution
Sitalcina is found in western and southern California, including the mountains of central and southern Arizona. The genus is notably absent from the Sierra Nevada region.
Diet
Sitalcina species are detritivores, feeding on decaying plant matter and microorganisms found in their environment.
Life Cycle
Details on the life cycle of Sitalcina are limited, but like other harvestmen, they are expected to undergo simple development without a larval stage.
Reproduction
Reproductive habits are not extensively documented, but harvestmen typically engage in direct fertilization and may exhibit parental care in some instances.
Predators
Natural predators include various arthropods, birds, and other small vertebrates that feed on invertebrates.
Ecosystem Role
As detritivores, Sitalcina play a role in nutrient cycling within their ecosystems, contributing to the breakdown of organic matter and maintenance of soil health.
Collecting Methods
- Searching under rocks and logs
- Collecting during the rainy season, winter, and early spring
Preservation Methods
- Pinning
- Ethanol preservation
- Drying specimens for museum collections
Similar Taxa
Tags
- Arachnida
- Opiliones
- Sitalcina
- Harvestmen
- Phalangodidae