Phalangodidae

Phalangodidae

Classification

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Phalangodidae: /fəˌlæŋˈɡoʊdɪˌdiː/

These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.

Images

Sitalcina sura Briggs, 1968 (SDSU TAC000208) by wikipedia. Used under a CC0 license.
Tolus sp. (cave harvestman) (Onyx Cave, Cave City, Kentucky, USA) 2 by James St. John. Used under a CC BY 2.0 license.
Opiliones, Laniatores, F. Phalangodidae, Sitalcina lobata (2256459027) by Marshal Hedin from San Diego. Used under a CC BY 2.0 license.
Sitalcina sura 3313535 by Marshal Hedin. Used under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
Undulus formosus C.J.Goodnight & M.L.Goodnight, 1942 (SDSU TAC000408) by wikipedia. Used under a CC0 license.
Sitalcina lobata C.J.Goodnight & M.L.Goodnight, 1942 (SDSU TAC000199) by wikipedia. Used under a CC0 license.

Summary

The Phalangodidae are a family of harvestmen with about 30 genera and more than 100 described species, distributed primarily in the Holarctic region. They are recognized for their unique physical characteristics, including spiny pedipalps and varying leg lengths.

Physical Characteristics

Body length ranges from less than 1 mm to about 3 mm (0.12 in). The pedipalps are armed with large spines. Most species are yellowish to orange brown, with troglobitic (cave-dwelling) species being depigmented.

Identification Tips

The family Phalangodidae can be distinguished from Phalangiidae by its spiny pedipalps and body size.

Habitat

Forests under rocks and logs, in caves.

Distribution

More than two-thirds of the species occur in the western Nearctic, especially in California with about 50 species in four endemic genera. About 10 species are known from the eastern Nearctic, few in the Palearctic, including one species in the Canary Islands and Japan, and about 20 species in the Mediterranean region.

Evolution

The family seems largely monophyletic with some exceptions; its relationship to other Grassatores is currently unresolved, but it appears relatively basal inside the Grassatores.

Similar Taxa

Misconceptions

Often confused with the family Phalangiidae.

Tags

  • Phalangodidae
  • Harvestmen
  • Arachnida
  • Opiliones
  • Biodiversity
  • Holarctic