Pronotal-horns
Guides
Gargarini
Gargarini is a tribe of treehoppers (family Membracidae, subfamily Centrotinae) containing over 400 species across 28 genera. First described by William Lucas Distant in 1908, it represents one of the most species-rich tribes within the primitive subfamily Centrotinae, which occurs in both Old and New Worlds. Members are characterized by highly diverse pronotal structures, including suprahumeral horns and posterior pronotal processes that range from simple to complex morphologies. Molecular phylogenetic studies place Gargarini as sister to the tribes Leptocentrini, Hypsauchenini, Centrotini, and Leptobelini, with diversification estimated in the Late Cretaceous approximately 79.6 million years ago.