Rivula stepheni

Sullivan, 2009

Rivula stepheni is a small in the Erebidae, described in 2009 from the southeastern United States. The species is known from scattered localities in eastern North Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida. are active from spring through early autumn, with evidence suggesting multiple per year. The larvae feed on grasses and sedges.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Rivula stepheni: //ˈrɪvjʊlə ˈstɛfəni//

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Identification

The small size (17 mm wingspan) and southeastern US coastal distribution may help distinguish this from other Rivula. Positive identification requires examination of genitalia or reference to the original description.

Appearance

Small with a wingspan of approximately 17 mm. Detailed coloration and pattern are not described in available sources.

Habitat

Associated with grassy and sedge-dominated in the southeastern United States. Specific microhabitat preferences are not documented.

Distribution

Eastern North Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida, United States.

Seasonality

active from April to September in North Carolina, with peak activity spanning the warm season.

Diet

Larvae feed on various grasses and sedges (Poaceae and Cyperaceae). feeding habits are not documented.

Host Associations

  • Poaceae - larval plantvarious grasses
  • Cyperaceae - larval plantvarious sedges

Life Cycle

Likely has three to four per year based on the extended period from April to September. Continuous breeding is inferred from this pattern. Specific details of , larval, and pupal stages are not documented.

Ecological Role

Larval herbivore on grasses and sedges; specific functions are not documented.

Similar Taxa

  • Rivula sericealisOther Rivula in North America; R. stepheni distinguished by geographic range and possibly genitalia
  • Other small Erebidae mothsSimilar size and general appearance; requires expert identification

More Details

Taxonomic history

Described by James Bolling Sullivan in 2009 based on specimens from the southeastern United States. Originally placed in Noctuidae, now classified in Erebidae.

Data gaps

No published images of living or larvae are widely available. Larval , pupal characteristics, and precise plant remain undocumented.

Sources and further reading