Inga

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Inga: /ˈɪŋɡə/

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Summary

Inga is a genus of tropical trees and shrubs known for their nitrogen-fixing capabilities and edible fruit. Commonly used in agroforestry and as shade plants, they play an essential role in their ecosystems and local economies.

Physical Characteristics

Inga trees can reach up to 15 meters tall, featuring pinnate leaves and white flowers with some green. The fruit pods are 'bean-like,' measuring 10–30 cm long, and some can reach up to 1 meter long.

Identification Tips

Look for small tropical trees with pinnate leaves and white flowers, typically found near riverbanks or lake edges in neotropical regions.

Habitat

Inga species are generally found in tropical areas, especially near river and lake edges across the Amazon forest, Mexico, Greater and Lesser Antilles, and other South American regions.

Distribution

Exclusively neotropical, with around 300 species predominantly found in the Amazon rainforest, also present in parts of Mexico and the Caribbean.

Diet

Inga trees are nitrogen-fixing, contributing to soil fertility. The seeds have edible, sweet pulp that is rich in minerals.

Life Cycle

Inga trees usually bloom twice a year, producing seeds in pods that can contain edible pulp. The seeds are dispersed by floods.

Reproduction

Inga species reproduce sexually, producing 'bean-like' pods containing seeds that are spread by water.

Ecosystem Role

Inga species play a significant role in agroforestry, aiding in soil fertility restoration and providing shade for other crops like coffee and cocoa.

Economic Impact

Widely used in agroforestry, for lumber in construction and furniture making, and for producing shade over financially important crops.

Cultural Significance

The pulp of some Inga species, particularly Inga edulis, is popularly known for its sweet, ice-cream-like flavor and is significant in local diets.

Collecting Methods

• Direct harvest from wild populations
• Cultivation in agroforestry systems

Preservation Methods

• Drying seeds for storage
• Using air-tight containers to maintain seed viability

Similar Taxa

• Anadenanthera
• Mimosa

Tags

• Inga
• tropical trees
• agroforestry
• edible plants
• neotropical flora