Pentatomoidea
Pentatomoidea
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Hemiptera
- Suborder: Heteroptera
- Infraorder: Pentatomomorpha
- Superfamily: Pentatomoidea
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Pentatomoidea: //ˌpɛn.təˌtoʊˈmɔɪ.diː.ə//
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Images
Summary
Pentatomoidea is a superfamily of insects within the Heteroptera suborder of Hemiptera, known for their distinct scutellum and piercing mouthparts. They comprise a diverse group, with many species serving as pests in agriculture while others have predatory behaviors.
Physical Characteristics
Pentatomoidea are characterized by a well-developed scutellum that can be triangular to semielliptical in shape. They typically have five-segmented antennae and tarsi that usually consist of two or three segments. The adults and nymphs possess distinctive piercing mouthparts, with mandibles and maxillae modified to form a piercing 'stylet'.
Identification Tips
Shield bugs have glands that produce a foul-smelling liquid for defense. Look for their characteristic shape and scutellum that covers the abdomen. Nymphs often have dorsal abdominal scent glands, while adults have additional metathoracic scent glands.
Habitat
A wide variety of terrestrial habitats, including agricultural areas and natural environments.
Distribution
Worldwide, with over 7,200 species in approximately 1,300 genera.
Diet
Mostly herbivorous and often polyphagous; however, the subfamily Asopinae is entirely predaceous.
Life Cycle
Most are uni- or bivoltine, overwinter as adults, and lay eggs in the spring.
Ecosystem Role
They play a role in ecosystems as both herbivores and predators, depending on the species. As pests, they can have significant impacts on agriculture.
Economic Impact
Certain species, like the brown marmorated stink bug, can cause economic damage to crops.
Collecting Methods
- Net sweeping
- Hand collecting
- Trapping
Preservation Methods
- Drying
- Freezing
- Ethanol preservation
Similar Taxa
Misconceptions
Some may confuse shield bugs with other types of bugs due to similarities in shape and color, but the presence of the scutellum is a distinctive feature.
Tags
- Pentatomoidea
- Insects
- Hemiptera
- Stink Bugs
- Shield Bugs