Ravinia

Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863

Ravinia is a of (: ) established by Robineau-Desvoidy in 1863. within this genus exhibit diverse strategies: some are of other dipteran in cattle , while others have forensic importance. Larvae of at least one species, Ravinia lherminieri, demonstrate strong to nematode through haemocytic . The genus has been recorded in North America, Europe (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), and Brazil.

Ravinia acerba by (c) Bennett Grappone, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Bennett Grappone. Used under a CC-BY license.

Ravinia by (c) Arturo Santos, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Arturo Santos. Used under a CC-BY license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Ravinia: /rəˈvɪniə/

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Images

Habitat

Associated with bovine and cattle environments; laboratory studies confirm larval development in such substrates.

Distribution

North America (Vermont, United States); Europe (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); South America (Brazil, including state of Bahia).

Host Associations

Musca autumnalis - and are preyed upon by Ravinia lherminieri larvae in laboratory conditions; 98% mortality achieved at : ratios of 10:200
Heterotylenchus autumnalis - experimental /unsuitable hostNematode generally fails to develop in Ravinia lherminieri due to strong via haemocytic

Behavior

Ravinia lherminieri exhibit -dependent on immatures, with mortality decreasing from 98% to 0% as volume per larva increases from 10 ml to 80 ml. Larvae can survive on bovine feces alone but show 26% higher survival when is available. Strong cellular immune response to nematode includes haemocytic , tracheolar proliferation, and novel melanization of the larval organ.

Ecological Role

agent of () in cattle ; potential for . Some have forensic importance.