Rhinusa antirrhini
Stephens, 1829
toadflax seedhead weevil, toadflax capsule weevil, seed-gall weevil, Toadflax Seed Weevil
Rhinusa antirrhini is a seed-parasitic true () to Europe that has been to North America. It specializes on toadflax (Linaria spp.), particularly Dalmatian toadflax (L. dalmatica) and toadflax (L. vulgaris). Despite intentional redistribution as a agent in the 1990s, it has not proven effective at suppressing toadflax . Population genetic studies reveal -associated genetic differentiation driven by associations with different Linaria species.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Rhinusa antirrhini: //rɪˈnuː.sə æn.tɪˈraɪ.naɪ//
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Distribution
to Europe; to North America in the early 1900s. Established documented in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
Diet
Seed parasitic; develop within toadflax seed capsules, consuming developing seeds.
Host Associations
- Linaria dalmatica - primary Dalmatian toadflax; in North America
- Linaria vulgaris - primary toadflax; in North America
- Linaria genistifolia -
- Linaria repens -
Ecological Role
Seed ; reduces seed production in toadflax .
Human Relevance
Intentionally redistributed and to North America as a agent for toadflax in the 1990s. Not considered effective for biological control despite establishment.