Cleopomiarus

Pierce, W.D., 1919

Cleopomiarus is a of in the tribe Mecinini (), established by Pierce in 1919. The genus comprises approximately 21 Holarctic , including two North and 19 Palaearctic species, with additional species described from China. Species are associated with Campanulaceae plants. Cleopomiarus was historically conflated with the genus Miarus but has been reinstated as distinct based on morphological characters of and stages.

Cleopomiarus by (c) Поляков Александр, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Поляков Александр. Used under a CC-BY license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Cleopomiarus: //kliː.oʊˌpoʊ.miˈeɪ.rəs//

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Identification

distinguished from related Miarus by rostral and genitalic characters. of Cleopomiarus lack the distinctive maxillary mala with six finger-like marginal of two sizes that characterizes Miarus larvae. differ in setal length on , , and , number of rostral setae, number of dorsal setae on pronotum, and shape of . Detailed larval and pupal has been described for C. distinctus, C. graminis, C. longirostris, C. medius, and C. meridionalis.

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Distribution

Holarctic distribution: North America (2 ), Palaearctic region (19+ species). Records from Europe (including Denmark, Norway, Sweden), North Africa (Algeria, Morocco), Asia (Afghanistan, Armenia, China), and Southern Africa. Chinese fauna includes C. distinctus, C. vestitus, C. flavoscutellatus, C. graminis, and two species C. danfengensis (Shaanxi) and C. nuerhachii (Inner Mongolia).

Host Associations

Campanulaceae - larval development in flowers-level association inferred from multiple ; C. micros develops in Jasione montana and Campanula patula flowers

Similar Taxa

MiarusFormerly considered congeneric; distinguished by larval maxillary mala (Miarus has six finger-like marginal of two sizes, Cleopomiarus lacks this), pupal setal characters, and genitalic features. Both may be based on shared distinctive characters.

More Details

Taxonomic history

Cleopomiarus was synonymized with Miarus for much of the 20th century but reinstated as valid based on phylogenetic and morphological studies. Multiple transferred between genera; extensive synonymy revised in 2016 systematic treatment.

Immature stage morphology

Larval and pupal has proven systematically valuable for distinguishing Cleopomiarus from Miarus and for -level identification within the . COI barcoding has been used to confirm larval identifications.