Hyphydrini

Gistel, 1848

Hyphydrini is a tribe of within the and Hydroporinae. The tribe comprises approximately 16 and over 390 described . Members are small to extremely small aquatic distributed across tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in the Oriental and Neotropical regions. Several genera within the tribe, including Allopachria, Desmopachria, and Agnoshydrus, have been subject to recent taxonomic revision due to high and cryptic .

Desmopachria seminola by (c) Matthew Pintar, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Matthew Pintar. Used under a CC-BY license.

Desmopachria dispersa by (c) Matthew Pintar, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Matthew Pintar. Used under a CC-BY license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Hyphydrini: /hɪˈfaɪdrɪnaɪ/

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Identification

Members of Hyphydrini are distinguished from other Hydroporinae tribes by combinations of morphological features, though specific tribal-level diagnostic characters require detailed examination. Within the tribe, are distinguished by male characteristics, which are highly distinctive and -specific; features such as lobes, or , and various modifications of the serve as primary diagnostic characters. Some species exhibit in structures such as the prosternal or clypeal margin. Many Allopachria species display maculae on the , and males of some species have modified , protibiae, or protarsomeres.

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Habitat

Aquatic , primarily associated with freshwater environments. Members of Allopachria inhabit margins of flowing waters with sand or stone bottoms, including pools with decaying leaves under rock walls, stream pools, small streams with decaying leaves and sand, and small pools surrounded by large stones. Desmopachria have been collected along streams and in aquatic environments in South regions.

Distribution

Widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. The Oriental region: Indonesia to southern China and Japan, with Chinese records from Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Anhui, Fujian, Hong Kong, Jiangxi, Hunan, and Chongqing. Southeast Asia: Thailand, Cambodia, Taiwan, Borneo, and Bali. The Neotropical region: South America including Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil.

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Taxonomic Diversity

The tribe contains hyperdiverse such as Desmopachria, with approximately 133+ characterized by narrow and abundant local . Recent taxonomic work has focused on describing new species and establishing species groups based on male .