Tropical wolf spiders

Ctenus

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Ctenidae
Genus: Ctenus

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Ctenus: /ˈktiːnəs/

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Images

Summary

Ctenus is a genus of wandering spiders with a wide distribution, known for their potentially medically significant venom and predatory role in ecosystems. As of August 2022, it comprises 157 species.

Physical Characteristics

Wandering spiders, often identified by their robust bodies and long legs; they have good vision and predatory adaptations.

Identification Tips

Key characteristics include their body shape, leg length, and eye arrangement distinct among Ctenidae family members.

Habitat

Wide-ranging habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas, typically favoring moist environments.

Distribution

From South America through Africa to East Asia; includes five species identified in North America north of Mexico.

Diet

Carnivorous; primarily preying on insects and other small arthropods.

Life Cycle

Life cycle stages include egg, juvenile, and adult; specifics vary by species.

Reproduction

Eggs are deposited in silk sacs, with females often guarding the sacs until they hatch.

Predators

Potential predators include birds, larger insects, and other arachnids.

Ecosystem Role

Act as generalist predators, helping control populations of insects and small arthropods.

Health Concerns

Some species have been noted for their potentially medically significant venom, notably Ctenus medius, which has properties similar to those of Phoneutria nigriventer.

Collecting Methods

Light trapping
Hand collecting

Preservation Methods

Alcohol preservation
Drying specimens

Evolution

First described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805; part of the Ctenidae family which exhibits high diversity and adaptability.

Similar Taxa

Phoneutria (Brazilian wandering spiders)
Pardosa (Wolf spiders)

Misconceptions

Often confused with less dangerous spiders due to their appearance; not all species have harmful venom.