Gregarine-host
Guides
Harpalus rufipes
strawberry seed beetle
Harpalus rufipes is a trans-palearctic ground beetle commonly known as the strawberry seed beetle. Adults are active from April through November in temperate regions. The species functions as a significant weed seed predator in agricultural ecosystems, with larvae and adults feeding on seeds of various grasses and agricultural crops. It has been widely studied as a biological control agent for weed management and serves as a host for multiple parasites including the braconid wasp Microctonus caudatus and the gregarine protozoan Clitellocephalus ophoni.
Tribolium destructor
destructive flour beetle, dark flour beetle
Tribolium destructor is a stored product pest in the family Tenebrionidae, commonly known as the destructive or dark flour beetle. It infests stored flour, grain, and other dried starchy materials. Research has examined its reproductive biology, including effects of food quality and mating frequency on fecundity. Its larvae serve as hosts for the gregarine parasite Gregarina confusa, and the species has been used in studies of host-parasite interactions under nutritional stress.