Dulotic
Guides
Formica pergandei
Pergande's Mound Ant
Formica pergandei is a slavemaking ant species that constructs stable earthen nest mounds. Colonies exhibit frequent nest relocations, typically occurring mid-raiding season, by invading existing host nests in areas of higher host density. This behavior reduces mean raiding distance and improves raiding success. The species was described by Emery in 1893 and is known from the northeastern United States.
Formica subintegra
Formica subintegra is an obligate slave-making ant that practices dulosis, a form of social parasitism where the species depends entirely on captured workers of closely related host species for domestic tasks. Colonies consist of 70-90% enslaved workers, primarily from the Formica fusca group. The species exhibits relatively frequent nest relocations, moving toward areas of higher host density to improve raiding success. Unlike more specialized obligate parasites, F. subintegra retains the ability to recover degenerated behaviors when isolated from hosts, including foraging, nest excavation, and trophallaxis.
Polyergus longicornis
Long-horned Amazon Ant
Polyergus longicornis is a dulotic (slave-making) ant species in the genus Polyergus, commonly known as Amazon ants. Elevated to full species status by Trager (2013), it was originally described by M. R. Smith in 1947. The species belongs to the Nearctic lucidus group, which includes P. lucidus, P. montivagus, P. oligergus, P. ruber, and P. sanwaldi. Like all Polyergus species, it is an obligate social parasite dependent on host colonies of Formica ants for survival and reproduction.
Polyergus mexicanus
Western Amazon Ant
Polyergus mexicanus is an obligate social parasite known as the Western Amazon Ant, widely distributed across western North America. This species is incapable of performing basic colony tasks including foraging, nest excavation, and brood care, and depends entirely on enslaved workers of Formica host species. The species performs dramatic, coordinated raids on Formica colonies to capture larvae and pupae, which are then integrated into the parasite colony. Recent genetic studies have revealed substantial population structure associated with different host species, suggesting incipient speciation into host-specific lineages.
Polyergus montivagus
Foothills Amazon Ant
Polyergus montivagus is a dulotic (slave-making) ant in the lucidus group of the genus Polyergus, originally described from the foothills near Colorado Springs, Colorado. The species is an obligate social parasite that raids nests of Formica ants to capture pupae, which mature into enslaved workers that maintain the colony. Workers possess distinctive long, blackish legs and a non-pubescent, shiny gaster. Colony size averages 300-500 workers.
Polyergus sanwaldi
Sanwald's Amazon Ant
Polyergus sanwaldi is a dulotic ant species described by Trager in 2013 as part of a global revision of the genus Polyergus. It belongs to the lucidus species group, one of three major groups within the genus. Like all Polyergus species, it is an obligatory social parasite that raids colonies of Formica ants to capture and enslave their brood. The species is named in honor of an individual (Sanwald), following the naming convention for several new species in this revision.